The University of São Paulo Twin Panel: Current Status and Prospects for Brazilian Twin Studies in Behavioral Research.

The University of São Paulo Twin Panel (Painel USP de Gêmeos), based at the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo, started formally in 2017. Our registry is new, but in only two years of formal existence, it comprises a volunteer sample of 4826 registered individuals (98% twins and 2% higher-order multiples), recruited at the University of São Paulo and by social media campaigns. Our main aim is to conduct and promote research with twins on psychological processes and behavior. The University of São Paulo is the largest higher education and research institution in South America, and the Painel USP de Gêmeos has great potential for fostering research on twin-related issues from a psychological perspective in Brazil and South America.

Twinning Rates in Uruguay Between 1999 and 2015: Association with Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors.

Twinning is rare among humans, but there is much variability among populations. Several studies show that certain demographic and socioeconomic factors, such as maternal age, mother's educational level and income, influence twinning rate. There is no background of analytical studies of twins in Uruguay. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has focused on describing and analyzing Uruguayan twinning rates over a period of 17 years (1999-2015). The birth data were collected from the website of Uruguay's Ministry of Public Health. Economic data were obtained from Uruguay's Instituto Nacional de Estadísti's website for the period 2001-2013, since these variables are defined specifically for that period of time. The statistical software R (The R Project for Statistical Computing) was used. The twinning rate varied from 8.51 to 13 in the studied period. Montevideo has the highest median and the smallest variability in comparison with the other departments. In Uruguay (1999-2015), the highest twinning rate (28.94%) was observed in women aged 45 and older. The analysis also showed a relationship between twin birth rates and the mother's educational level. In three regions of the country (West, Center and East), twin births show a random pattern but in the other two (North and Metropolitan), there is an increasing trend in the number of twins over time. In conclusion, this study recognizes social, economic and demographic factors that influence in the rate of twin births in Uruguay.

Propuestas de enriquecimiento ambiental para un ejemplar de babuino Papio papio en cautiverio / Environmental enrichment proposals for a captive baboon Papio papio

Efectuamos una avaliación comportamental en un ejemplar hembra de Papio papio del Zoológico de Montevideo en encierro solitario, basada en dos aspectos: la utilización del espacio y la comparación de su actividad con/sin público, durante un período de seis meses. Fue siempre visible en el área de exhibición, la mayor parte del tiempo en una sub-área. La principal respuesta afiliativa fue acercarse al público y la conducta agonística más frecuente fue la "rabieta". La conducta estereotipada más frecuente con y sin público fue el "salto". Su conducta fue afectada por la presencia de público, y el uso de su alojamiento tuvo que ver con la posibilidad de una mejor observación de sus vecinos. Se propone un programa de enriquecimiento ambiental a dos niveles, social e instrumental.

We assessed the welfare of a baboon Papio papio female kept lonely in its enclosure at the Montevideo Zoo, focusing on the use of space and comparing behavior with or without visitors, during a six month period. The baboon was always visible in the exhibit area , most of the time in a single sub-area. The principal affiliative category was to approach the public and the most frequent agonistic one was getting "enraged". The most frequent stereotyped behavior, with or without public, was the "jumping" category. Behavior was influenced by the presence of people and use of space was related to the possibility of watching neighboring animals. We propose an environmental enrichment program at two levels, social and instrumental.

Propuestas de enriquecimiento ambiental para un ejemplar de babuino Papio papio en cautiverio / Environmental enrichment proposals for a captive baboon Papio papio

Efectuamos una avaliación comportamental en un ejemplar hembra de Papio papio del Zoológico de Montevideo en encierro solitario, basada en dos aspectos: la utilización del espacio y la comparación de su actividad con/sin público, durante un período de seis meses. Fue siempre visible en el área de exhibición, la mayor parte del tiempo en una sub-área. La principal respuesta afiliativa fue acercarse al público y la conducta agonística más frecuente fue la "rabieta". La conducta estereotipada más frecuente con y sin público fue el "salto". Su conducta fue afectada por la presencia de público, y el uso de su alojamiento tuvo que ver con la posibilidad de una mejor observación de sus vecinos. Se propone un programa de enriquecimiento ambiental a dos niveles, social e instrumental(AU)

We assessed the welfare of a baboon Papio papio female kept lonely in its enclosure at the Montevideo Zoo, focusing on the use of space and comparing behavior with or without visitors, during a six month period. The baboon was always visible in the exhibit area , most of the time in a single sub-area. The principal affiliative category was to approach the public and the most frequent agonistic one was getting "enraged". The most frequent stereotyped behavior, with or without public, was the "jumping" category. Behavior was influenced by the presence of people and use of space was related to the possibility of watching neighboring animals. We propose an environmental enrichment program at two levels, social and instrumental(AU)