RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The models used in theoretical and practical psychiatry mostly encompass, with varying accents, the biological, psychological and social dimension. However, humanistic psychiatry concerns the existence as a whole. What about the care for the existential dimension?
AIM: To explore and to describe the existential dimension in psychiatry as containing the biopsychosocial aspects and continuously in interaction with them.
METHOD: Personal reflection of three senior authors, also in exchange with authors who have accompanied us during our professional life.
RESULTS: The existential dimension should be included as a special, encompassing dimension in the models used in psychiatry. In humanistic psychiatry every intervention, whether biomedical or psychosocial, should be situated in an existential perspective. Care for the existential dimension surpasses the dichotomy biomedical-psychosocial.
CONCLUSION: Not respecting the existential dimension induces shortcomings towards patients and harms a truly humanistic psychiatry.
Assuntos
Psiquiatria , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: IVF treatment involves a reassessment of issues concerning autonomy and relatedness. This study aims to extend prior studies on the psychological impact of IVF/ICSI by studying the association between the personality dimensions of Self-Criticism and Dependency with the psychological well-being and quality of the couple relationship for women starting their first IVF treatment. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 68 women starting their first IVF treatment at the Leuven University Fertility Centre of the University of Leuven, Belgium. All women were administered validated self-report measures assessing Self-Criticism and Dependency, negative life events, psychological well-being, relationship satisfaction, and relationship and sexual concerns. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated between all study variables, followed by four separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses for psychological well-being, relationship satisfaction, and relationship and sexual concerns. RESULTS: High Self-Criticism was negatively associated with psychological well-being (r = -0.63, P < 0.001) and relationship satisfaction (r = -0.29, P < 0.05), and positively associated with relationship (r = 0.39, P < 0.01) and sexual (r = 0.37, P < 0.01) concerns. High Dependency was negatively associated with psychological well-being (r = -0.30, P < 0.05), not significantly associated with relationship satisfaction and relationship concerns, and positively related to sexual concerns (r = 0.31, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This cross-sectional study suggests that the personality dimensions of Self-Criticism and Dependency may enhance our understanding of the psychological well-being and quality of the couple relationship of women starting their first IVF treatment. However, further prospective research on this topic is needed.
Assuntos
Fertilização in vitro/métodos , Infertilidade Feminina/psicologia , Injeções de Esperma Intracitoplásmicas/métodos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Dependência Psicológica , Depressão/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Satisfação Pessoal , Personalidade , Análise de Regressão , Autoimagem , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The relationship of Eugen Bleuler with psychoanalysis can be characterized as a history of overture and distance. In previous literature this relationship has been mainly studied from a historical and biographical point of view. In this article the authors review the history of Bleuler's attitude toward psychoanalysis from an ideengeschichtlich point of view. They distinguish and argue three periods. 1896-1906: the initial period was one of overt appreciation and positive rapprochement; 1906-1911: Bleulers initial positive attitude is more and more thwarted by fundamental theoretical disagreement and by his opposition against Freud's group building strategy; from 1912 on, Bleuler clearly dissociates himself from psychoanalytic theory and movement. An interpretation of this evolution is given in terms of personal and above all of theoretical incompatibility.
