Expectation of parental control and the maintenance of bottle-feeding in childhood.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate association between parental locus of control (belief of individuals about what or who has control of the events of their lives) and bottle feeding habits among children from 3 to 5 years of age. METHODOLOGY: Parental locus of control validated in Brazil, and semi-structured questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic, health, and oral habit behaviors was applied to mothers of 992 preschool children. Outcome variable "use of feeding bottle" was studied according to the time of its use (≤36 months and >36 months). Simple logistic regression models were adjusted and raw odds ratios were estimated for variables of distal blocks, which contemplated parental locus of control, socioeconomic characteristics of family, and maternal habits. In the intermediate block, the variables for conditions of the child's birth and place of health care attendance during the prenatal period and early childhood were included. In the proximal block, the time of breastfeeding and pacifier use were reported. Variables were analyzed from the distal to the proximal block, and the individual analyses that presented p≤0.20 remained in each model; included in the subsequent block were the variables with p≤0.10, because this was a study of prevention. RESULTS: Longer time of feeding bottle use was associated with the internal parental locus of control, mothers older than 31 years of age, white race, premature children, who used pacifiers and are treated in the private health system. CONCLUSIONS: Children who maintained the habit of feeding bottle use for a longer time were those whose mother presented an internal locus of control.

The assessment of adherence to infection control in oral radiology using newly developed and validated questionnaire (QICOR).

OBJECTIVES:: To assess the infection control in oral radiology among radiologists and dentists of diverse dentistry clinical specialties and among dentistry students. METHODS:: A Questionnaire on Infection Control in Oral Radiology was applied to 1006 dentists and 1203 dentistry students. For assessment of infection control, the scores of the questionnaire were dichotomized in high and low through the median. Simple logistic regression models were set for adherence to infection control and independent variables, estimating the crude odds ratios with the respective 95% confidence intervals. The variables with p < 0.20 in the individual analyses were tested in multiple logistic regression models, remaining in the final model the variables with p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS:: Individual and adjusted association analysis showed that female dentists have 1.41 ([95% CI: 1.08-1.84)] more adherence odds to infection control when compared with males (p < 0.05). There was no significant association in regarding age, time of education in dentistry, an undergraduate degree from a public or private school, and work in public and/or private clinics. There were also no differences among radiologists and dentists of other clinical specialties. The students from the last year of the dental schools had 1.7 [95% CI (1.13-2.57)] more chances of less adherence to infection control (p = 0.0001). There was no significant association with respect to sex, age and public or private schools. CONCLUSIONS:: Educational procedures should be conducted in relation to infection control protocols in oral radiology, especially among male dentists, regardless clinic specialty, and among the students of the last year of the dental school.