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OBJECTIVE: To compare the thermographic pattern of regions of interest (ROI) of respiratory muscles in young asthmatics with and without bronchospasm induced by eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with 55 young (55% male and 45% females) aged 12.5 ± 3.3 years, divided in nine nonasthmatics, 22 asthmatics without exercise-induced bronchospasm compatible response (EIB-cr) and 24 asthmatics with EIB-cr. The diagnosis of EIB was given to subjects with a fall in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) ≥ 10% compared to baseline. Thermographic recordings of respiratory muscles were delimited in ROI of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), pectoral, and rectus abdominis intention area. Thermal captures and FEV1 were taken before and 5, 10, 15 and 30 min after EVH. RESULTS: Twenty-four (52.1%) of asthmatics had EIB-cr. There was a decrease in temperature at 10 min after EVH test in the SCM, pectoral and rectus abdominis ROIs in all groups (both with p < 0.05). There was a decrease in temperature (% basal) in asthmatic with EIB-cr compared to nonasthmatics in the rectus abdominis area (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in temperature in the ROIs of different muscle groups, especially in asthmatics. The greater drop in FEV1 observed in individuals with EIB-cr was initially associated with a decrease in skin temperature, with a difference between the nonasthmatics in the abdominal muscle area. It is likely that this decrease in temperature occurred due to a temporary displacement of blood flow to the most used muscle groups, with a decrease in the region of the skin evaluated in the thermography.
RESUMO
Abstract Objectives To investigate how quickly active video games, structured and unstructured, provide changes in hemodynamic variables in young adults during a 6-week intervention. Method Twenty participants after baseline assessments, participants were randomized: structured active videogame (n = 6), unstructured active videogame (n = 7) and a control group (n = 7). Participants played their respective active videogame 3 times a week for 6-weeks (30 min-session). Results Structured active videogame in exactly 6 weeks shown improvements reducing the heart rate (heart rate; 14% of variation; p < 0.05). Otherwise, not confirmed to both active videogame interventions in systolic blood pressure but maintain the diastolic blood pressure during these 6 weeks (systolic blood pressure-unstructured: −2% and Structured: 11%; diastolic blood pressure-unstructured: 0% and structured: 0%; p > 0.05). Conclusions The 6-week training program with active videogame reduced the heart rate (structured - 6th week). However, active videogames generally do not promoted benefits for normotensive young adults.
Resumo Objetivos Investigar o quão rápido os videogames ativos, estruturados e não estruturados, proporcionam mudanças em variáveis hemodinâmicas em adultos jovens durante uma intervenção de seis semanas. Método Foram randomizados 20 participantes após avaliações iniciais: videogame ativo estruturado (n = 6), videogame ativo não estruturado (n = 7) e um grupo controle (n = 7). Os participantes fizeram seu respectivo videogame ativo três vezes por semana durante seis semanas (30 minutos por sessão). Resultados videogame ativo estruturado em exatamente seis semanas mostrou redução da frequência cardíaca (frequência cardíaca; 14% de variação; p < 0,05). Por outro lado, não confirmou em ambas as intervenções de videogame ativo pressão arterial sistólica, porém manteve a pressão arterial diastólica durante essas seis semanas (pressão arterial sistólica não estruturada: -2% e estruturadas: 11%; pressão arterial diastólica não estruturada: 0% e estruturada: 0%; p < 0,05). Conclusão O programa de treinamento de seis semanas com videogame ativo reduziu o frequência cardíaca (estruturado seis semanas). Porém, de forma geral, os videogames ativos não promoveram benefícios em adultos jovens normotensos.
Resumen Objetivos Analizar la rapidez con la cual los videojuegos activos, estructurados y no estructurados, generan cambios en las variables hemodinámicas en adultos jóvenes durante una intervención de 6 semanas. Método Se distribuyó aleatoriamente a 20 participantes según las evaluaciones iniciales: videojuego activo estructurado (n = 6), videojuego activo no estructurado (n = 7) y grupo control (n = 7). Los participantes jugaron con sus respectivos videojuegos activos 3 veces por semana durante 6 semanas (sesiones de 30 minutos). Resultados Los videojuegos activos estructurados en exactamente 6 semanas mostraron que reducían la frecuencia cardíaca (frecuencia cardiaca; 14% de la variación; p<0,05). En cambio, no se confirmó en ambas intervenciones de videojuegos activos la presión arterial sistólica, pero se mantuvo la presión arterial diastólica durante estas 6 semanas (presión arterial sistólica en no estructurados: -2% y en estructurados: 11%; presión arterial diastólica en no estructurados: 0% y en estructurados: 0%, p>0,05). Conclusiones El programa de entrenamiento de 6 semanas con videojuegos activos redujo la frecuencia cardiaca (estructurado - sexta semana). Sin embargo, de forma general los videojuegos activos no promueven beneficios en adultos jóvenes normotensos.
