Associação entre fatores relacionados à alimentação e ao tratamento com o controle glicêmico e o estadonutricional de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 usuáriosde sistema de infusão contínua de insulina / Association between factors related to food and treatment, with glycemiccontrol and the nutritional status of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitususers of continuous insulin infusion pump

Introdução: O controle glicêmico e o estado nutricionaladequados são aliados no tratamento e promoção da saúdedos portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Objetivo: Investigar associação de fatores relacionados àalimentação e ao tratamento do DM1 com controle glicêmicoe estado nutricional em usuários de sistema de infusão contí-nua de insulina (SICI). Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal com 61 pacien-tes do Ceará. Por meio da ferramenta REDCap, coletaram-sedados socioeconômicos, de controle glicêmico, antropométricos e relacionados à alimentação e ao tratamento do diabe-tes. Também foi realizado o upload dos dados dos SICI’s edos sensores de glicose. Aplicaram-se os testes Qui-Quadradode Pearson, Exato de Fisher e correlação de Spearman, comnível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Excesso de peso associouse à dificuldadepara esperar o tempo de ação da insulina antes da alimentação (p=0,048) e à menor dificuldade na falta de fornecimentodos insumos (p=0,040). Não ter excesso ponderal associou-se à prática de exercício físico (p<0,001), a crer menos que ainsulina contribui para o ganho ponderal (p<0,001) e a me-nos preocupação com isso (p=0,024). Aqueles com hemoglobina glicada e variabilidade glicêmica segundo o desvio pa-drão da glicose (DP) adequadas compareceram mais aonutricionista (p=0,041; p=0,007), quem possuía variabilidadeglicêmica adequada segundo o coeficiente de variação (CV)tinha mais de 10 anos de doença (p=0,001) e quem possuíaDP e CV adequados tinha menos dificuldade para realizar bo-lus em público (p=0,044; p=0,001) e aferia glicemia quatroou mais vezes diariamente (p=0,033; p=0,030). Conclusão: O estado nutricional e o controle glicêmico as-sociaram-se a fatores individuais dos pacientes, evidenciandoa importância do entendimento e manejo desses fatores pe-los profissionais de saúde.(AU)

Introduction: Adequate glycemic control and nutritionalstatus are allies in the treatment and health promotion of pa-tients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Objective: To investigate the association between factorsrelated to food and T1DM treatment with glycemic controland nutritional status in patients using insulin pumps. Materials and Methods: Crosssectional study with 61patients from Ceará. Through the REDCap tool, socioeconomic, glycemic control, anthropometric and diabetes-relateddata, treatment and diet were collected. Data from SICI’s andglucose sensors were also uploaded. Pearson’s Chi-Square, Fisher’s Exact and Spearman’s correlation tests were applied,with a significance level of 5%. Results: Overweight was associated with difficulty to wait-ing for the insulin action time before feeding (p=0.048) andless difficulty with lack of supply of inputs (p=0.040). Not be-ing overweight was associated with physical exercise(p<0.001), less belief that insulin contributes to weight gain(p<0.001), and less concern about it (p=0.024). Those withadequate glycated hemoglobin and glycemic variability according to the standard deviation of glucose (SD) attendedthe nutritionist more often (p=0.041; p=0.007), those withan adequate glycemic variability according to the coefficientof variation (CV) had more than 10 years of disease(p=0.001) and those with an adequate PD and VC, had lessdifficulty in performing bolus in public (p=0.044; p=0.001)and measured blood glucose four or more times daily(p=0.033; p=0.030). Conclusion: Nutritional status and glycemic control areassociated with individual patient factors, highlighting the importance of health professionals’ understanding and manage-ment of these factors.(AU)

Selenium status and oxidative stress in obese: Influence of adiposity.

BACKGROUND: Selenium deficiency appears to limit antioxidant defense in obese individuals. This study evaluated the association between adiposity indices, selenium status, and oxidative stress in obese women. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 139 women who were divided into the following two groups: the case group (obese women, n = 63) and the control group (normal-weight women, n = 76). Plasma, erythrocyte, and urinary selenium levels were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Body weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and neck circumference were measured. Body mass index, waist/height ratio, conicity index, body fat index, body adiposity index, body circularity index, and visceral adiposity index were calculated. Plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were determined. The erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity was determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer and Ransel kit. RESULTS: Obese women had selenium deficiency characterized by reduction in plasma and erythrocyte concentrations (P < .001). The urinary selenium excretion was higher in the case group compared to the control group (P < .001). Adiposity indices values and plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were significantly elevated in obese women (P < .001). There was a significant association between adiposity indices and selenium status (P < .001), and between erythrocyte selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Obese women evaluated in the study have reduced plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of selenium and an increased urinary excretion of selenium. The correlation analysis reveals an association between intra-abdominal fat accumulation and selenium metabolism and oxidative stress.

Effect of an aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco on the adiposity of Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet.

INTRODUCTION: Objective: the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Chrysobalanus icaco on adiposity and its mechanism of action in the gene and protein expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), a key enzyme in lipogenesis. Method: Wistar rats were divided into a regular or control group (CG) and a high-fat diet (HFD) group. HFD was treated with saline or aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) for four weeks. Body weight and food intake were assessed. Subcutaneous, retroperitoneal and periepididymal adipose tissue samples were collected and weighed. Adipocytes from periepididymal tissue were isolated and analyzed. The gene and protein expression of ACC in subcutaneous tissue was determined. Results: AECI showed no effect on intake or body weight. However, the weight of the fat pads and the gene and protein expression of ACC were lower, and glucose tolerance was improved. Conclusion: the aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco proved beneficial for the treatment of obesity, preventing fat storage and improving glycemic homeostasis.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos del extracto acuoso de Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) en la adiposidad y su mecanismo de acción en la expresión génica y proteica de la acetil-CoA-carboxilasa (ACC), una enzima clave para la lipogénesis. Métodos: se usaron ratones macho Wistar que se asignaron a una dieta estándar de control (CG) o a una rica en grasa (HFD). La HFD se trató con solución salina o con extracto acuoso de Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) durante cuatro semanas. Se evaluaron el peso corporal y el consumo alimentario. Se aislaron y analizaron muestras de tejido adiposo subcutáneo, retroperitoneal y periepididímico. Se determinó la expresión génica y proteica de ACC en el tejido subcutáneo. Resultados: el AECI no mostró ningún efecto sobre la ingesta de alimento y tampoco sobre el peso corporal. Sin embargo, el tratamiento con AECI redujo el peso de los tejidos adiposos y la expresión génica y proteica de ACC, y mejoró también la tolerancia a la glucosa. Conclusión: Chrysobalanus icaco (AECI) resultó ser beneficioso para el tratamiento de la obesidad, previniendo el almacenamiento de grasa y mejorando la homeostasis glucémica.

Interactions between dietary inflammatory index, nutritional state and Multiple Sclerosis clinical condition.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) consists of a tool that assesses dietary inflammatory potential based on the assignment of an inflammatory score to a variety of nutrients, seasonings and bioactive compounds. Pro-inflammatory diets are associated to weight and abdominal fat excess. High Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) seem to contribute to a worse prognosis in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the relation between anthropometric indexes and body adiposity with the clinical condition and the Dietary Inflammatory Index of MS individuals. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, analytical study that included 137 MS patients residing in the Brazilian northeast. Through a structured questionnaire and medical records consultation, we collected data on demographics, nutritional state, arterial pressure, clinical and dietary variables. Clinical variables included the MS type, number of pulse therapies and attack rate in the last two years, number of days of most recent pulse therapy and muscular strength assessment scores (MRC) and most recent disability level (EDSS). The nutritional state was evaluated based on BMI, WC, waist-hip ratio (WHR), Body Roundness Index (BRI), Body Shape z score Index (ABSIz) and body fat percentage (%BF). The DII was calculated according to a validated methodology. RESULTS: The ABSIz presented a positive correlation with regards to the EDSS score (r = 0.294. p = 0.001). WC and WHR presented a negative correlation in relation to the number of pulse therapy days (r = -0.255. p = 0.022 and r = -0.251. p = 0.024). BMI and %BF were not correlated to clinical variables (p > 0.05). The DII was positively correlated to the BMI in people with progressive MS (r = 0.556. p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The DII may interfere in the nutritional state of MS patients and the nutritional state may affect disability levels but it is necessary to establish which nutritional indicator can better predict the relation between DII and the clinical condition of MS patients.

Determination of synthetic food dyes in commercial soft drinks by TLC and ion-pair HPLC.

Synthetic food colourings were analyzed on commercial carbonated orange and grape soft drinks produced in Ceará State, Brazil. Tartrazine (E102), Amaranth (E123), Sunset Yellow (E110) and Brilliant Blue (E133) were extracted from soft drinks using C18 SPE and identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC), this method was used to confirm the composition of food colouring in soft drinks stated on label. The concentration of food colouring in soft drink was determined by ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. The results obtained with the samples confirm that the identification and quantification methods are recommended for quality control of the synthetic colours in soft drinks, as well as to determine whether the levels and lables complies with the recommendations of food dyes legislation.