RESUMO
OBJETIVOS: En 1998 la Región de Europa de la Organización Mundial de la Salud fijó el objetivo de eliminar el sarampión. En este estudio se analizó la prevalencia de la inmunidad frente al virus del sarampión en la población del área sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela a partir de los datos obtenidos entre 2008-2018. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 7.150 pacientes diferentes que se dividieron en grupos según su año de nacimiento: 2010-2017, 2000-2009, 1990-1999, 1980-1989, 1953-1979 y <1953. La determinación en suero de IgG frente al virus del sarampión se realizó mediante un inmunoensayo quimioluminiscente comercializado. RESULTADOS: Se observó un mínimo (76%) para las tasas de protección frente al virus del sarampión en los nacidos entre 1990-1999. Por grupo de edad se vio que en todos los grupos las mujeres presentaron un porcentaje superior de anticuerpos frente al sarampión. En un modelo de regresión logística con año de nacimiento y sexo se obtuvo una odds ratio para el año de nacimiento (p < 0,001) de 1,06 y para el sexo (p = 0,0013) de 0,82. CONCLUSIONES: Se observaron seroprevalencias inferiores a partir de la implantación de la vacuna, un cambio más acusado durante el periodo de implantación y desde el plan de vacunación para el sarampión del año 2000 en Galicia, las tasas de protección frente al virus del sarampión han ido aumentado en nuestra área. Aunque se observó una mayor proporción de mujeres protegidas frente a la de hombres, estas diferencias fueron escasas
OBJECTIVES: In 1998, the Europe Region of the World Health Organization set the goal of eliminating measles. In this study, the prevalence of immunity against measles virus in the population of the health area of Santiago de Compostela was analyzed based on data obtained between 2008-2018. METHODS: A total of 7,150 different patients were studied and divided into groups according to their year of birth: 2010-2017, 2000-2009, 1990-1999, 1980-1989, 1953-1979 and <1953. The serum determination of IgG against measles virus was performed using a commercialized chemiluminescent immunoassay. RESULTS: A minimum (76%) was observed for measles virus protection rates in those born between 1990-1999. By age group it was seen that in all groups the women presented a higher percentage of antibodies against measles. In a logistic regression model with year of birth and sex, an odds ratio of 1.06 (p < 0.001) was obtained for the year of birth and of 0.82 (p = 0.0013) for sex. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed lower seroprevalences from the implantation of the vaccine and a more pronounced change during the implantation period. From the vaccination plan for measles of the year 2000 in Galicia, the rates of protection against the virus of the measles have been increasing in our area. Although there is a greater proportion of women protected against men, these differences are small
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Sarampo/imunologia , Vírus do Sarampo/imunologia , Fatores Etários , Estudos Transversais , Modelos Logísticos , Razão de Chances , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , EspanhaRESUMO
Introduction: The American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommend that clinically significant non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) should be identified to the species level in order to determine their clinical significance. The aim of this study was to evaluate identification of rapidly growing NTM (RGM) isolated from clinical samples by using MALDI-TOF MS and a commercial molecular system. The results were compared with identification using a reference method. Methods: We included 46 clinical isolates of RGM and identified them using the commercial molecular system GenoType(R) CM/AS (Hain, Lifescience, Germany), MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker) and, as reference method, partial rpoBeta gene sequencing followed by BLAST and phylogenetic analysis with the 1093 sequences available in the GeneBank. Results: The degree of agreement between GenoType(R) and MALDI-TOF MS and the reference method, partial rpoBeta sequencing, was 27/43 (62.8%) and 38/43 cases (88.3%) respectively. For all the samples correctly classified by GenoType(R), we obtained the same result with MALDI-TOF MS (27/27). However, MALDI-TOF MS also correctly identified 68.75% (11/16) of the samples that GenoType(R) had misclassified (p = 0.005). Conclusions: MALDI-TOF MS classified significantly better than GenoType(R). When a MALDI-TOF MS score >1.85 was achieved, MALDI-TOF MS and partial rpoBeta gene sequencing were equivalent. GenoType(R) was not able to distinguish between species belonging to the M. fortuitum complex. MALDI-TOF MS methodology is simple, rapid and associated with lower consumable costs than GenoType(R). The partial rpoBeta sequencing methods with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis were not able to identify some RGM unequivocally. Therefore, sequencing of additional regions would be indicated in these cases
Introducción: La American Thoracic Society y la Infectious Diseases Society of America recomiendan que las micobacterias no tuberculosas (MNT) clínicamente relevantes sean identificadas a nivel de especie para determinar su significado clínico. El propósito de este estudio fue a partir de MNT de crecimiento rápido (MCR) aisladas en muestras clínicas, evaluar su identificación mediante MALDI-TOF MS y un método molecular comercial, comparando estos resultados con la identificación obtenida usando un método de referencia. Métodos: Se incluyeron 46 aislados clínicos de MCR. Estos aislados se identificaron mediante el método molecular comercial GenoType(R) Mycobacterium CM/AS (Hain, Lifescience, Alemania), MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker) y, como método de referencia, la secuenciación parcial del gen rpoBeta seguido de BLAST y análisis filogenético. Para el análisis filogenético se utilizaron 1.093 secuencias disponibles en el GeneBank. Resultados: Entre GenoType(R) o MALDI-TOF MS, la concordancia respecto al método de referencia, secuenciación parcial de rpoB, fue 27/43 (62,8%) y 38/43 casos (88,3%), respectivamente. En todas las muestras que GenoType(R) clasificó correctamente con MALDI-TOF MS se obtuvo el mismo resultado (27/27). Pero además MALDI-TOF MS identificó bien 68,75% (11/16) de las muestras que GenoType(R) no clasificó correctamente (p = 0,005). Conclusiones: MALDI-TOF MS clasificó significativamente mejor que GenoType(R). Cuando MALDI-TOF MS alcanzó una puntuación >1,85, MALDI-TOF y la secuenciación parcial del gen rpoβ fueron equivalentes. GenoType(R) no distinguió dentro del M. fortuitum complex. La metodología MALDI-TOF MS es simple, rápida y se asocia a un menor coste de consumibles que GenoType(R). La secuenciación parcial del gen rpoBeta con BLAST y análisis filogenético no lograron identificar de manera inequívoca algunas MCR. Para estas MCR estaría indicado la secuenciación de regiones adicionales
Assuntos
Humanos , Análise de Sequência , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/métodos , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/isolamento & purificação , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/instrumentação , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/microbiologia , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/tendênciasRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommend that clinically significant non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) should be identified to the species level in order to determine their clinical significance. The aim of this study was to evaluate identification of rapidly growing NTM (RGM) isolated from clinical samples by using MALDI-TOF MS and a commercial molecular system. The results were compared with identification using a reference method. METHODS: We included 46 clinical isolates of RGM and identified them using the commercial molecular system GenoType® CM/AS (Hain, Lifescience, Germany), MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker) and, as reference method, partial rpoß gene sequencing followed by BLAST and phylogenetic analysis with the 1093 sequences available in the GeneBank. RESULTS: The degree of agreement between GenoType® and MALDI-TOF MS and the reference method, partial rpoß sequencing, was 27/43 (62.8%) and 38/43 cases (88.3%) respectively. For all the samples correctly classified by GenoType®, we obtained the same result with MALDI-TOF MS (27/27). However, MALDI-TOF MS also correctly identified 68.75% (11/16) of the samples that GenoType® had misclassified (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: MALDI-TOF MS classified significantly better than GenoType®. When a MALDI-TOF MS score >1.85 was achieved, MALDI-TOF MS and partial rpoß gene sequencing were equivalent. GenoType® was not able to distinguish between species belonging to the M. fortuitum complex. MALDI-TOF MS methodology is simple, rapid and associated with lower consumable costs than GenoType®. The partial rpoß sequencing methods with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis were not able to identify some RGM unequivocally. Therefore, sequencing of additional regions would be indicated in these cases.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , RNA Polimerases Dirigidas por DNA/genética , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/genética , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/isolamento & purificação , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Sequência de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Genótipo , Humanos , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/fisiologia , FilogeniaRESUMO
Introducción. La edad y sexo a la que se produce la primoinfección por VEB en España es un tema poco estudiado. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer su relación con la presencia de la primoinfección por VEB entre los años 2006 a 2015 en nuestra área sanitaria. Pacientes y métodos. Se estudiaron 578 pacientes del área sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela con patrones serológicos de primoinfección por VEB, resultados serológicos de IgM-VCA positivo, IgG-VCA positivo y EBNA negativo correspondientes a los años 2006 a 2015. Resultados. Se encontraron 260/578 (45%) adolescentes (11-19 años). En número de casos por edad se observaron dos máximos, a los 2 y 16 años. Entre los 14-19 años, un 62% (79/127) de mujeres tenían entre 14-16 años, mediana de edad 15,8 años (IQ: 14,8-16,4) frente a un 48% (49/102) de hombres, mediana de edad 16 años (IQ: 15,7-16,6) (p=0,032, p=0,02, respectivamente). Conclusiones. Como en nuestro estudio, en los países desarrollados la mayoría de primoinfecciones por VEB ocurren en la adolescencia y se observa una distribución bimodal en relación a la edad. Durante la adolescencia las mujeres adquieren antes que los hombres la primoinfección por VEB (AU)
Introduction. In Spain, the age and sex to which the primary infection by EBV is produced is poorly studied. The objective of this work is to know its relation with the presence of the primary infection by EBV between the years 2006 and 2015 in our health area. Patients and methods. From the Santiago de Compostela health area between 2006 and 2015, 578 patients with serological patterns of EBV primoinfection were selected. This patients presented serological results of IgM-VCA positive, IgG-VCA positive and EBNA negative. Results. We found 260/578 (45%) adolescents (11- 19 years). In the number of cases by age the maximum was observed, at 2 and 16 years. Between 14-19 years, 62% (79/127) of women between 14-16 years of age, median age 15.8 years (IQ: 14.8-16.4) compared to 48% (49/102) of men, median age 16 years (IQ: 15.7-16.6) (p = 0.032, p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusions. As in our study, in the developed countries the majority of primary infections by EBV occur in adolescence and a bimodal distribution is observed in relation to age. During adolescence women acquire before men the first infection by EBV (AU)
