Comparative study of root resorption of maxillary incisors in patients treated with lingual and buccal orthodontics.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the magnitude of external apical root resorption (EARR) of maxillary incisors in patients with mild to moderate anterior crowding, treated with lingual and conventional (labial) orthodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 40 patients divided into two groups: lingual (20 patients) and conventional buccal brackets (20 patients). Patient ages ranged from 11 to 45 years, and the study included 12 men and 28 women. Apical root resorption was measured from periapical radiographs obtained at the beginning of treatment (T1) and at the end of the leveling phase (T2). Periapical radiographs were scanned and transferred to the CorelDraw X7 image-processing program, in which measurements of root lengths were performed. For intragroup and intergroup comparisons between the T1 and T2 phases, paired and independent t-tests, respectively, were used at 5% significance. RESULTS: There was significant apical root resorption for all teeth evaluated; the magnitude of the EARR (T2-T1) ranged from -0.35 mm to -0.63 mm in the lingual group, and from -0.66 mm to -0.85 mm in the conventional group. Although there was an intergroup variation in the magnitude of EARR observed, no statistically significant differences were found. Neither group presented any teeth with resorption ≥1 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of apical root resorption in maxillary incisors in patients with anterior crowding was similar regardless of orthodontic technique, lingual or conventional. Both techniques resulting in an apical rounding considered clinically insignificant.

Colagem indireta de bráquetes: apresentação de uma técnica passo a passo / Indirect bonding: a step-by-step technique

O emprego da colagem indireta tem se demonstrado um avanço na Ortodontia, uma vez que erros no posicionamento dos braquetes interferem diretamente no resultado final, bem como aumentam o tempo de tratamento. Esta técnica permite melhor visualização em todos os planos espaciais e, portanto, uma acurada padronização na fase de colagem. Apesar de todos os benefícios advindos do uso desta técnica, ainda há poucos ortodontistas adeptos da colagem indireta, talvez por falta de preparo técnico para uma execução adequada. Pelos motivos acima descritos, o objetivo deste manuscrito é apresentar, passo a passo, uma técnica de colagem indireta de braquetes na superfície vestibular dos dentes.

The use of indirect bonding technique has become an advance in Orthodontics, since bracket positioning errors directly affect the final result and increase treatment time. This technique allows better visualization in all spatial plans and, hence, accurate standardization in the bonding stage. Nevertheless, despite all benefits with using this technique, few orthodontists are still willing to perform indirect bonding, perhaps because of lack of technical training for proper development. For these reasons, the aim of this manuscript was to describe an indirect bracket bonding technique on the labial surfaces of the teeth, step-by-step.

Preparo ortodôntico cirúrgico e Ortodontia Lingual / Surgical orthodontic preparation and Lingual Orthodontic

Quando uma má-oclusão está associada a severas discrepâncias entre os maxilares, e o paciente apresenta maturidade óssea, o tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico passa a ser uma importante opção de tratamento. Através do uso dos atuais métodos de previsibilidade pré-operatórios, tais como os softwares de prototipagem, podemos ter uma previsão do resultado final da cirurgia ortognática. Assim, pode-se testar e definir diferentes opções cirúrgicas, diminuir os riscos envolvidos e facilitar consideravelmente o trabalho da equipe de profissionais responsáveis pelo tratamento, assim como melhorar a comunicação com o paciente e seus familiares. O preparo ortodôntico pré-cirúrgico é peça fundamental para a realização da cirurgia ortognática. Com este preparo, o ortodontista evidencia a má-oclusão em sua totalidade, criando condições para que o cirurgião bucomaxilofacial execute a cirurgia ortognática livre de interferências dentárias, buscando alcançar a estética facial tão desejada pelo paciente e atingir resultados estáveis. O preparo ortodôntico bem executado diminuirá a necessidade de movimentos ortodônticos pós-cirúrgicos, bem como minimizará as recidivas pós-operatórias.

When malocclusion is associated with severe discrepancies between the jaws and the patient has bone maturity, orthodontic-surgical treatment becomes a important treatment option. Through the use of current methods of preoperative predictability, such as software prototyping, we have a prediction of the final outcome of orthognathic surgery. So you can test and set different surgical options, decrease the risks involved, considerably facilitate the work of the team of professionals responsible for the treatment, as well as improve communication with patients and their families. The presurgical orthodontic preparation is critical to achievement of orthognathic surgery part. With this preparation the orthodontist shows malocclusion in its entirety, creating conditions for the maxillofacial surgeon to perform orthognathic surgery free dental interference, seeking to achieve facial aesthetics as desired by the patient and achieve stable results. The orthodontic preparation well executed decrease the need for post-surgical orthodontic movements and minimize postoperative recurrences.

Evaluation of cervico-occlusal dimensions of maxillary and mandibular incisor brackets for lingual orthodontics.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the cervico-occlusal dimensions of brackets used in lingual orthodontics for maxillary and mandibular central and lateral incisors, to compare them with the numbers informed by the manufacturer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The brackets were placed in a template and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), evaluating the images with the aid of a software that allowed determination of reference points, tracing of lines on the bracket images and measurement of the distances. RESULTS: Brackets manufactured by Dm Ceosa Hiro, Tecnident PSWb and Dentaurum Magic did not present statistically significant differences between the mean values of slot heights and the values informed by manufacturers. Conversely, the brands Ormco 7th generation, Ormco STb, GAC Innovation L, ORJ-ORG, Tecnident, Ormco STb LSW and Adenta evolution STL exhibited statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION: In general, there was a deficiency in the standar-dization of cervico-occlusal measurements of slots of the brackets analyzed. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Manufacturers should be attentive to the quality control of their materials. Future studies will analyze the actual clinical influence of these findings on the orthodontic mechanics.

Aparelho de contenção estética com fio de polímero orgânico (QCM Retainer) / Device contention aesthetics wired polymer organic (QCM Retainer)

Verificou-se, nos últimos anos, o aumento do número de pacientes adultos que procuram o tratamento ortodôntico para a melhora da estética e função, fato este reforçado em razão do desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de aparelhos ortodônticos considerados discretos ou invisíveis, como os braquetes cerâmicos, os alinhadores e o aparelho lingual. Além da correção da má-oclusão, um dos grandes desafios do ortodontista é manter a estabilidade do caso tratado ao longo do tempo; para isto, é fundamental o correto emprego dos aparelhos de contenção. A placa de Hawley modificada com fio de polímero orgânico é um dispositivo de baixo custo e simplicidade na confecção, tornando‑a uma ótima alternativa nos casos em que a estética é necessária, durante o período de contenção ortodôntica. O objetivo do presente artigo foi apresentar os aspectos relacionados à sua confecção.

It can be seen in recent years, the increasing number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment to improve the aesthetics and function, this fact contributed due to the development and improvement of orthodontic appliances considered discrete or invisible, such as the ceramic brackets, the aligners and lingual braces. Beyond the correction of malocclusion, one of the great challenges of the orthodontist is to maintain the stability of the case treated over time and this is fundamental to the correct use of retainers. The modified Hawley appliance with organic polymer wired is a low cost device simple to manufacture, making it a good alternative in cases where aesthetics is necessary, during the orthodontic retention. The aim of this paper is to present the aspects related to their manufacture.

Avaliação do perfil de braquetes metálicos da técnica ortodôntica lingual / Evaluation of the metal brackets of the lingual orthodontic technique profile

Atualmente, a Ortodontia lingual é a melhor alternativa de tratamento ortodôntico estético. Com isso, é crescente a preocupação em desenvolver braquetes linguais menores, mais individualizados, para aumentar o conforto oral e minimizar os efeitos indesejáveis na fala, na mastigação e na higienização do paciente. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a altura do perfil dos braquetes linguais presentes no mercado brasileiro. Para isso, foram avaliados 112 braquetes, das marcas comerciais mais acessíveis ao ortodontista brasileiro, entre nacionais e importadas. Para se proceder a análise, foram confeccionados 24 corpos de prova, com cinco braquetes colados em cada um. Obtiveram-se então imagens dos braquetes em um microscópio eletrônico de varredura, com um aumento de 45 vezes, de toda a extensão do braquete. As dimensões foram mensuradas e, partir dos resultados, verificou-se que dentro de uma mesma marca comercial não houve diferenças entre o perfil dos braquetes. Entretanto, quando houve a comparação entre as marcas, notou-se diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o perfil das diversas marcas, o que permite ao ortodontista optar pelo acessório com perfil mais adequado às suas necessidades clínicas...

Currently lingual orthodontics is the best alternative for aesthetic orthodontic treatment. Thus, there is a growing concern to develop more individualized, lower lingual brackets to increase oral comfort and minimize undesirable effects on speech, chewing and cleaning the patient. The objective of this research was to evaluate the profile of lingual brackets present in the Brazilian market. For this 112 brackets were evaluated, the most accessible to the Brazilian orthodontist between domestic and imported trademarks. To conduct the analysis, 24 specimens were fabricated with 5 brackets bonded to each. Then obtained images of the brackets in a Scanning Electron Microscope with an increase of 45 times, the entire length of the bracket. The dimensions were measured and from the results, it was found that within a trademark there were no differences between the profile of the brackets. However, when there was a comparison between the marks was noticed statistically significant differences between the profile of the various brands, which allows the orthodontist to choose the accessories that best suits your clinical needs profile...

Avaliação da rugosidade superficial de fios ortodônticos indicados para a retração dental anterior em Ortodontia Lingual / Evaluation of surface roughness of orthodontic wires indicated for anterior tooth retraction in lingual orthodontics

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diferença de rugosidade de superfície, importante fator na geração de atrito, em arcos pré-contornados 0.016” X 0.022” de diferentes composições e marcas comerciais, destinados à retração dental anterior em Ortodontia Lingual. Cinco marcas comerciais foram selecionadas: Adenta, Highland Metals, Tecnident, RMO e iBraces. Microfotografias dos fios obtidas com microscópico eletrônico de varredura foram dispostas aleatoriamente em um programa visualizador de imagens, e avaliadas por três ortodontistas. O teste estatístico de Dunn, aplicado sobre os resultados, demonstrou a variação existente na rugosidade de superfície dos fios ortodônticos de diferentes modelos. Os arcos das marcas Highland Metals e iBraces, compostos de aço inoxidável, apresentaram os menores valores de rugosidade. A marca que revelou maior rugosidade superficial foi a Adenta, com fios de beta-titânio.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in surface roughness, an important factor in generating friction in pre contoured arches 0.016 "X 0.022" of different compositions, and trademarks, intended for anterior tooth retraction in lingual orthodontics. Five brands were selected: Adenta, Highland Metals, Tecnident, RMO and iBraces. Photomicrographs of the wires obtained with scanning electron microscopy were arranged randomly in a picture viewer program and evaluated by three orthodontists. The statistical test of Dunn, applied to the results showed the variation in surface roughness of orthodontic wires of different models. The arches of Highland Metals brands and iBraces, stainless steel alloy, showed the lowest roughness values. The brand showed higher surface roughness was Adenta, Wired Beta-Titanium.

Estimativa acerca do conhecimento e prática da Ortodontia Lingual entre cirurgiões-dentistas brasileiros / Study of the knowledge and practice of Lingual Orthodontics among Brazilian dentists

Atualmente, os ortodontistas encontram um mercado de trabalho altamente concorrido. A Ortodontia Lingual, desenvolvida em meados da década de 70, surgiu para ser superior do ponto de vista estético, e parece ser um diferencial nesse atual mercado de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi de qualificar e quantificar o número de cirurgiões dentistas praticantes de Ortodontia Lingual no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada através de um questionário com 480 entrevistados no congresso Brasileiro de Ortodontia (SPO-2012), dentre eles estudantes, especialistas, mestres em Ortodontia e outros. Concluiu-se com este estudo que apenas 23 (4,8%) profissionais entrevistados eram praticantes da Técnica Lingual. Tais números parecem estar relacionados com a dificuldade de execução da técnica, alto custo e treinamento especial do profissional.

In the present days orthodontists face a highly competitive market. Lingual Orthodontics, was developed in the mid-70s to offer aesthetic benefits, what seems to be a differential in the current market. The aim of this study was to qualify and quantify the number of dentists applying Lingual Orthodontics in Brazil. The survey was conducted through a questionnaire with 480 respondents in the Brazilian Congress of Orthodontics (SPO-2012), including students, specialists, Masters in Orthodontics, and others. It was concluded from this study that only 23 (4.8%) respondents were professional practitioners of Lingual Technique. This number seem to be related to the difficulty of the technique, high cost, and requirement of special professional training.

Comparative analysis of load/deflection ratios of conventional and heat-activated rectangular NiTi wires

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the load-deflection ratios between 0.019 x 0.025-in rectangular orthodontic wires using 5 conventional preformed nickel-titanium (NiTi) and 5 heat-activated NiTi archwires from four different manufacturers (Abzil, Morelli, 3M Unitek and Ormco), totaling 40 archwires. The archwires were placed in typodonts without tooth # 11 and tested using a universal testing machine connected to a computer. RESULTS: The comparisons of mean load-deflection values of conventional NiTi wires revealed that the lowest mean-deflection ratio was found for 3M Unitek, followed by Ormco, Morelli and Abzil. Regarding the heat-activated wires, the lowest load-deflection ratio was found for Ormco, followed by 3M Unitek, Abzil, and Morelli. CONCLUSION: The comparison of mean load-deflection ratios revealed that the heat-activated wires had lowest mean load-deflection ratios, and this trend was seen during all the study. However, at 2-mm deflection, mean load-deflection ratios for heat-activated Morelli and conventional 3M Unitek wires were very similar, and this difference was not statistically significant.

Uso de faceta estética provisória em tratamento ortodôntico com extração na técnica lingual / Use of temporary esthetic veneer during orthodontic treatment with extraction in lingual technique

Atualmente, muitos pacientes adultos procuram melhorar a aparência facialcorrigindo o posicionamento dos dentes com o uso de aparelho ortodôntico. Com o sorrisoconsiderado atraente, a pessoa melhora sua qualidade de vida e seu relacionamento social,pois a percepção de beleza influencia o desenvolvimento psicológico desde a infância até afase adulta do paciente. Por este motivo, a procura por aparelhos considerados estéticos temaumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos, principalmente por meio da técnica lingual,citada por muitos como provedora de um aparelho invisível, devido ao posicionamento dosbráquetes pela face lingual dos dentes, e que tem se mostrado altamente eficiente e precisa.Este artigo teve como finalidade descrever o procedimento de colagem de facetas estéticastemporárias nos casos com extração, durante a fase de fechamento de espaços, proporcionandoconforto e estética agradável no decorrer do tratamento com o aparelho lingual.

Currently, many adult patients are seeking to improve facial appearance bycorrecting the positioning of the teeth with orthodontic appliances. With a smile consideredattractive, a person improves their quality of life and social relationships, since the perceptionof beauty influences the psychological development from childhood to adulthood of the patient.For this reason, the demand for orthodontic appliances considered esthetic has grownconsiderably in recent years, mainly for lingual technique, cited by many professionals asproviding an invisible appliance due to the positioning of the brackets on the lingual surfacesof the teeth, and which has proved to be an accurate and eflicient technique. This articleaims to describe the procedure for temporary bonding of veneers in cases of extractionduring the closing of spaces, providing comfort and pleasing esthetics during orthodontictreatment with lingual brackets.