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2.
Afr. J. Clin. Exp. Microbiol ; 23(3): 269-277, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1377799

RESUMO

Background: One of the main health problems in West Africa remains upsurge of emerging pathogens. Ebola virus disease outbreak occurred in 2014 in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone, Monkeypox virus in Nigeria in 2017 and most recently Lassa virus in Nigeria, Togo and Benin in 2018. These pathogens have animal reservoirs as vectors for transmission. Proper investigation of the pathogens in their rodent vectors could help reduce and manage their emergence and spread. Methodology: This study was conducted with an approval from the Côte d'Ivoire Bioethics Community. Small mammal trappings were carried out in 9 sites within three zones namely, peri-urban, peri-rural and protected areas. Liver, lung and kidney tissues from trapped small mammals were sampled in accordance with the recommended conditions of biosafety and bioethics. The organs were transported in liquid nitrogen to the laboratory. Molecular tests were used to detect pathogens. Orthopoxviruses and Monkeypox virus were detected in the organs by PCR using consensus primers targeting the virus surface membrane haemagglutinin (HA) genes, while Leptospira species were detected by PCR using primers targeting the rrs and lfb1 genes. Results: Out of 4930 night-traps, 256 (5.19%) small mammals were trapped including Crocidura, Rattus, Lophuromys, Praomys, Mus and Mastomys. Leptospira species were detected in 6 genera from 7 study sites and the infected small mammals accounted for 13.3%. Leptospira sp was detected mainly in the rodent vector genera Rattus (32.3%), Lophuromys (29.0%), and Praomys (16.1%). Three species of Leptospira were detected and Leptospira interrogans was the most common frequent species (74.2%). Monkeypox virus was not detected from studied small mammals. Conclusion: The initial data from our investigation indicates the presence of Leptospira sp in rodent vectors, Rattus, Lophuromys and Praomys, which are the potential small mammalian reservoirs of this pathogen in Cote d'Ivoire.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Roedores , Reservatórios de Doenças , Controle de Roedores , Ebolavirus , Vírus Lassa , Orthopoxvirus , Monkeypox virus
3.
Mali Med ; 36(1): 31-34, 2021.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37973565

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anesthetic practice in the operating theater of gynecological and obstetric emergencies. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Prospective, descriptive and analytical study on patients admitted to the operating room for a gynecological and or obstetric emergency over a period of six months. RESULTS: We collected 3,486 patients out of 7,574 admissions, or 46.02%. The average age was 27.3 years with extremes of 15 and 45. SFA was the first operative indication for obstetric emergencies while gynecological emergencies were dominated by first trimester bleeding. 99.39% of the patients benefited from a CPA and 45.40% of them, were classified ASA I u. LAR by spinal anesthesia was the most commonly performed anesthetic regimen. Maternal lethality was 0.005. For the mother, the age group [30-45 years], the provenance, the hemorrhagic syndromes, the ASA III and IV classes, the long delays in transfusion and block management were factors of poor prognosis. (P≤0.05) For the fetus, hemorrhagic syndromes and general anesthesia were factors of poor prognosis. (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Spinal anesthesia was the most widely used anesthetic regimen.


OBJECTIF: Evaluer la pratique anesthésique au bloc opératoire des urgences gynécologiques et obstétriques. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODE: Etude prospective, descriptive et analytique portant sur les patientes admises au bloc opératoire pour une urgence gynécologique ou obstétrique sur une période de six mois. RÉSULTATS: Nous avons colligé 3486 patientes sur 7574 admissions soit 46,02%. La moyenne d'âge était de 27,3 ans avec des extrêmes de 15 et 45 ans. La SFA était la première indication opératoire pour les urgences obstétricales tandis que les urgences gynécologiques étaient dominées parles métrorragies du premier trimestre. La majorité de nos patientes ont eu une consultation pré-anesthésique. L'ALR par rachianesthésie était le schéma anesthésique le plus réalisé. La létalité maternelle était de 0,005. Pour la mère, la tranche d'âge [30-45 ans], la provenance, les syndromes hémorragiques, les classes ASA III et IV, les longs délais de transfusion et de prise en charge au bloc ont constitué des facteurs de mauvais pronostics. (P≤0,05)Pour le fœtus, les syndromes hémorragiques et l'anesthésie générale constituaient les facteurs de mauvais pronostics. (P≤0,05). CONCLUSION: La rachianesthésie était le schéma anesthésique le plus utilisé.

4.
Mali Med ; 36(1): 1-7, 2021.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37973567

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Kidney disease (KD) is defined as a set of functional, morphological and histological kidney abnormalities. It is a truly global public health problem. Its prevalence is estimated to be 50 times that of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In Kayes, there is no data on the prevalence of kidney disease, hence the interest of this study. OBJECTIVES: to determine the prevalence of renal disease, its main causes and the main factors of aggravation of this pathology in the emergency department at hospital Fousseyni DAOU of Kayes. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective cross-sectional study carried out from January 1, 2014 to February 1, 2015. We included all hospitalized patients in whom a renal damage marker (elevation of plasma creatinine, urinary sediment abnormality, ultrasound, histology and significant proteinuria) has been found. RESULTS: the prevalence of kidney disease was 9.9% (109/1099). Eighty-nine met the inclusion criteria. The study population was composed of 47 women (52.8%) and 42 men (47.2%), with a sex ratio of 0.89 in favor of women. The average age was 40.09 years with a predominance of patients in the age group [40-59]. The main reasons for consultation were hypercreatininaemia (48.3%), edematous syndrome (16.9%), low back pain (10.1%). High blood pressure (55.1%) and lower extremity edema (46.1%) were the medical history frequently found in our study. The kidney disease found was in order of growth: chronic renal failure (51%); acute renal failure (28%); proteinuria (16%), hematuria (3%), morphological abnormality of the kidneys (2%). Tubulointerstitial nephropathy represented 64% of acute renal failure with P = 0.000306. Vascular nephropathy constituted 46.7% of chronic renal failure with P = 0.000251. No cases of glomerular nephropathy were found in patients over 60 years of age.The most common causes were represented by nephrotoxic drugs injuries; infectious; high blood pressure and diabetes. The most observed aggravating factors are herbal medicine, urinary tract infections, renal hypoperfusion and unbalanced hypertension. CONCLUSION: kidney disease is not uncommon in the emergency room at Hospital Fousseyni Daou of Kayes. The most common causes are nephrotoxic drugs, hypertension and diabetes.


INTRODUCTION: La maladie rénale (MR) définie comme l'ensemble des anomalies rénales fonctionnelle, morphologique et histologique. Elle est un véritable problème mondial de santé publique. Sa prévalence serait 50 fois celle de l'insuffisance rénale terminale (IRT). A Kayes, il n'existe pas de donnée sur la prévalence de la maladie rénale, d'où l'intérêt de cette étude. OBJECTIFS: déterminer la prévalence de la maladie rénale, ses principales causes et les principaux facteurs d'aggravation de cette pathologie dans le service des urgences de l'hôpital Fousseyni DAOU de Kayes. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Etude transversale rétrospective réalisée du 1er janvier 2014 au 1er février 2015. Etaient inclus, tous les patients hospitalisés chez qui au moins un marqueur d'atteinte rénale (élévation de la créatinine plasmatique, anomalie du sédiment urinaire, anomalie échographique ou histologique et une protéinurie significative) a été retrouvé. Les paramètres analysés étaient socio-épidémiologiques, cliniques et para-cliniques. Nous avons exclu tous les patients dont les dossiers médicaux étaient inexploitables. RÉSULTATS: la prévalence de la maladie rénale était de 9,9% (109/1099). Quatre-vingtneuf répondaient aux critères d'inclusion. La population d'étude était composée de 47 femmes (52,8%) et de 42 hommes (47,2%), avec un sex-ratio de 0,89 en faveur des femmes. La moyenne d'âge était de 40,09 ans avec une prédominance des patients de la tranche d'âge [40-59]. Les principaux motifs de consultation étaient hypercréatininémie (48,3%), syndrome œdémateux (16,9%), douleur lombaire (10,1%). L'hypertension artérielle (55,1%) et œdème des membres inférieurs (46,1%) étaient les antécédents pathologiques fréquemment retrouvées dans notre étude. La maladie rénale retrouvée était par ordre de croissance : insuffisance rénale chronique (51%) ; insuffisance rénale aigue (28%) ; protéinurie (16%), hématurie (3%), anomalie morphologique des reins (2%). La néphropathie tubulo-interstitielle représentait 64% des insuffisances rénales aiguës avec P= 0,000306. La néphropathie vasculaire constituait 46,7% des insuffisances rénales chroniques avec P= 0,000251. Aucun cas de néphropathie glomérulaire n'a été retrouvé chez les patients de plus de 60 ans.Les causes les plus fréquentes étaient représentées par les causes toxiques (médicaments néphrotoxiques) ; infectieuses ; l'hypertension artérielle et le diabète. Les facteurs d'aggravations les plus observés sont la phytothérapie, l'infection urinaire, l'hypoperfusion rénale et l'HTA non équilibrée. CONCLUSION: la maladie rénale n'est pas rare aux urgences de l'hôpital Fousseyni Daou de Kayes. Les causes les plus fréquemment rencontrées sont les médicaments néphrotoxiques, l'HTA et le diabète.

5.
Mali Med ; 36(3): 32-35, 2021.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37973601

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: the purpose of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspect of surgical treatment of chronic osteomyilitis of limbs. PATIENTS METHODS: it was a retrospective study over a period of 12 years, from January 2003 to December 2014. It covered all cases of chronic osteomyelitis osteonecrosis treated our service. RESULTS: The authors report the results of the surgical treatment of a series 56 patients operated on for chronic limb osteomyelitis. The mean age was 20.7 years with extremes of 6 months and 56 years. The tibia and femur were the most affected segments. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently found germ, 80% of the cases. We obtained complete healing with total cure in 68% of cases and recurrence of suppuration in 32% of cases. CONCLUSION: Chronic osteomyelitis of limbs is a frequent pathology in Africa. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently found germ. Surgery in a time seems a good alternative. The rate of recurrence of the suppuration remains high.


OBJECTIF: Le but de ce travail était de présenter les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, bactériologiques, radiologiques et thérapeutiques des ostéomyélites chroniques des membres. MÉTHODES: Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective sur une période de 12 ans allant de Janvier 2003 à décembre 2014. Elle a porté sur tous les cas d'ostéomyélites chroniques pris en charge chirurgicalement dans notre service. RÉSULTATS: Nous avons recensé 56 cas d'ostéomyélite chronique des membres. L'âge moyen était de 20 ans avec des extrêmes de 6 mois et 56 ans. Le sex-ratio était de 1,9. Le tibia et le fémur ont été les os les plus atteints. Staphylococcus aureus a été le germe le plus fréquent soit 80% des cas. Nous avons obtenu la cicatrisation parfaite de la plaie dans 68% des cas et la récidive de la suppuration dans 32% des cas. CONCLUSION: L'ostéomyélite chronique des membres est une pathologie fréquente en Afrique. Staphyloccocus aureus demeure le germe le plus fréquent. La chirurgie en un temps nous paraît une bonne alternative. Le taux de récidive de la suppuration reste élevé.

6.
Mali Med ; 35(3): 23-27, 2020.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37978737

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of Our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of Nonunion of patella fractures. PATIENTS METHODS: It was a retrospective study done concerning 25 patients treated fromJanuary 2005 to December 2015 in the orthopedic trauma service CHU Bocar Sidy SALL Kati. RESULTS: We gather together 25 cases of Nonunion of patella fractures disease among 28 caseswhich was about 89.28%. Our patients were divided into 20 men and 5 women, mean age was 36 years, ranging from ages 22 to 75 years. Posttraumatic period was 6-18 months. The initial fracture was neglected in 21 cases and treated in 4 cases. Physical examination revealed lameness in 92% of cases, atrophy of the quadriceps in 56% of cases, joint stiffness, 56% and an inter-fragmentary gap in 92% of patients. The radiographic data were consistent with pseudoarthrosis in all cases. The inter-fragmentary gap was 36 mm on average. The care of our patients was based on plugging and guy-wiring in 64 % of cases and strapping pre- and peri patella in 12% of cases. A partial patellectomy was practiced in 2 cases. A VY plasty of the quadriceps was recommended in 4 cases.The patients were reviewed after a mean of 10 months (8 months- 24 months). Functional outcomes analyzed using Bostman scores were excellent in 4 cases (16%), good in 18 cases (72%) and poor in 3 cases (12%). CONCLUSION: Nonunion of the patella is mostly due to the lack of treatment or wrong treatment leads. Treatment with plugging and guy-wiring seems the most appropriate method.


OBJECTIF: l'objectif de notre étude était décrireles aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, thérapeutiques et pronostiques de la pseudarthrose de la patella. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective concernant 25 patients colligés entre janvier 2005 et décembre 2015 dans le service d'orthopédie et de traumatologie du CHU Bocar Sidy SALL de Kati. RÉSULTATS: Nous avons colligé 25 cas de pseudarthrose aseptique de la patella sur 28 cas, soit 89,28%. Nos patients se répartissaient en 20 hommes et 5 femmes. L'âge moyen était de 36 ansavec des extrêmes de 22 et 75 ans. Ledélai post traumatique était de 6-18 mois. La fracture initiale était négligée dans 21 cas et traitée dans 4 cas. L'examen clinique retrouvait une boiterie dans 92%, une amyotrophie du quadriceps dans 56%, une raideur du genou dans 56%, et un vide inter-fragmentaire dans 92%. Les données radiographiques étaient compatibles avec la pseudarthrose de la patella dans tous les cas. L'écart inter-fragmentaire était de 36 mm en moyenne. La prise en charge de nos patients reposait sur l'embrochage-haubanage dans 64%, le cerclage péri-rotulien dans 12%, une patellectomie partielle dans 2 cas (8%) et une plastie du quadriceps en VY était préconisée dans 4 cas (16%). Les patients étaient revus après un recul moyen de 10 mois (8mois-24mois). Les issues fonctionnelles analysées selon le score de Bostman étaient excellentes dans 4 cas (16%), bonnes dans 18 cas (72%) et mauvaises dans 3 cas (12%). CONCLUSION: la pseudarthrose de la patella est surtout le fait de l'absence du traitement ou d'un traitement mal conduit. Le traitement par l'embrochage-haubanage semble la méthode la plus indiquée.

7.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1264311

RESUMO

Introduction : La médecine communautaire/famille reste un champ encore mal exploré en matière de recherche scientifique comme le cas du Mali. Objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les motifs de consultation afin de connaitre les types de pathologies rencontrées, les examens réalisés et le devenir des patients dans le centre de santé communautaire et universitaire (CSCOM-U) de Konobougou. Méthodologie : Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive, rétrospective et déroulée du 1ier janvier au 31 décembre 2018 dans le CSCOM-U de Konobougou/ Mali. Les dossiers des malades ont été tirés au hasard soit tous les dixièmes patients des consultations externes réalisées par deux médecins. Les données ont été collectées sur un questionnaire puis saisies et analysée par SPSS22. Résultats : Le premier motif de consultation était la fièvre avec 25,39% suivi de céphalée 13,69%, algies abdominales 12,95%, troubles digestifs 11,66% et la toux 6,48%. Le paludisme était le plus représenté avec 46,28% suivi des infections respiratoires aigües avec 10,82%, des infections uro-génitales 5,56%, des pathologies gastriques et plaies liées aux accidents 4,77% chacune et en fin des lésions musculosquelettiques 3,1%. Les patients guéris représentaient 90,8% et l'état des patients était amélioré/stabilisé dans 5,6%. Les références/ évacuations représentaient 3,6% et 0,1% de décès. Conclusion : Les motifs de consultations sont divers, variés en première ligne et concernent toutes les spécialités de la médecine d'où l'intérêt d'une bonne démarche diagnostique pour une meilleure prise en charge


Assuntos
Mali , Enfermagem de Atenção Primária
8.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 35(35): 26-31, 2020. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265760

RESUMO

Introduction:L'hyperprolactinémie, qui est une sécrétion supra physiologique de prolactine est en clinique le désordre hypophysaire antérieur le plus fréquemment rencontré. Son incidence et sa prévalence sont peu définies, en Afrique et dans le reste du Monde.Les objectifs étaient d'étudier les aspects cliniques, paracliniques, étiologiques et thérapeutiques de l'hyperprolactinémie à l'hôpital du Mali.Méthodologie :Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale de 5 ans. La collecte des données a été rétrospective (juillet 2011 à octobre 2015) et prospective (décembre 2015 à juillet 2016).Résultats:Nous avons colligés 37 cas d'hyperprolactinémie. Le sex ratio était de 0,85. L'âge moyen était 37,32ans avec des extrêmes allant de 15 à 74 ans. Le tableau clinique était dominé chez les femmes par l'aménorrhée (80%), la galactorrhée (70%), les céphalées (55%), l'hypofertilité (50%), les troubles visuels (25%) et chez les hommes par la baisse de la libido (64,7%), la gynécomastie (47,1%), lescéphalées (47,1%), les troubles visuels (41,2%) et les troubles de l'érection (29,4%). La prolactinémie basale était supérieure à 100ng/mlchez 45,9% des patients. La tomodensitométrie cérébrale avait objectivé : 11 cas de macroadénomes et 5 cas demicroadénomes hypophysaires. Les principals causes de l'hyperprolactinémie étaient : l'adénome hypophysaire à prolactine (43,24%) ;l'hypothyroïdie(5,40%) et la prise d'oestroprogestatifs chez 5,40%. Pour le traitement, 64,9% des patients étaient mis sous cabergoline ; 27% sous bromocriptine et8,10% sous simple surveillance clinique et biologique.Conclusion:L'hyperprolactinémie est une pathologie qui existe dans nos structures de santé. Les cliniciens doivent y penser devant une aménorrhée galactorrhée ou une baisse de la libido. Il est aussi nécessaire d'améliorer le plateau technique pour une meilleure prise en charge


Assuntos
Diagnóstico , Hiperprolactinemia
9.
Ann Dermatol Venereol ; 145(2): 100-103, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28800923

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Women widely use skin-lightening products for cosmetic purposes in sub-Saharan Africa despite numerous reported cutaneous and systemic complications. The occurrence of epidermoid carcinoma has long been reported, but only three cases have been published so far. We report the first case in Mali. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 30-year old woman with no noteworthy medical history was seen at our outpatient center for cervical ulceration that had been present for the last 5 years. She had used cosmetic bleaching cream over a period of around ten years. Physical examination revealed extensive ulceration on the left side of her neck. Blood tests for viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus were negative. The pathological examination of the skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. After failure of the initial excision with early relapse, multiple surgical ablations were performed 3 months later. DISCUSSION: The high prevalence of skin-lightening cosmetic use contrasts with the rarity of epidermoid carcinoma in depigmented skin. However, a large chronic ulcer on uncovered parts of the upper body, particularly the neck, should prompt physicians to consider skin cancer. Appropriate preventive measures include the promotion of educational messages for the general population, the use of sun-protection devices, and routine skin biopsy for all women presenting chronic cervical ulceration after long-term use of skin-lightening products.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/induzido quimicamente , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hidroquinonas/efeitos adversos , Mali , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia
10.
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) ; 27(2): e12794, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29168594

RESUMO

Communication and the care of patients with advanced cancer are a dynamic, interactive and challenging process, often characterised in every day practice by discontinuity and lack of coordination. The objective of this study was to explore the patients' and family-caregivers' needs and preferences regarding communication, quality of life and care over the trajectory of disease. The second aim was to assess health professionals' views on a longitudinally structured, forward-thinking communication approach based on defined milestones. A qualitative approach was chosen incorporating semi-structured interviews with nine patients with metastatic lung cancer and nine relatives, and focus groups with 15 healthcare providers from different professions involved in the care of these patients. Patients and relatives described a situation of shock and coping deficits with moments of insufficient communication and lack of continuity in care. Healthcare providers reported the strong need for improvement in communication within the team and between patients and professionals and welcomed the implementation of a longitudinal communication approach. Requirements for the implementation of a longitudinal communication approach include specific communication training with focus on the process that patients and relatives are involved in. Team-building measures and the necessary flexibility to respect individuality in life should be incorporated.


Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Cuidadores/psicologia , Comunicação , Neoplasias Pulmonares/psicologia , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Assistência Terminal/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente/normas , Feminino , Grupos Focais , Humanos , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Preferência do Paciente , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Qualidade de Vida
11.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1263812

RESUMO

Objectif Plusieurs méthodes chirurgicales permettent de traiter la raideur sévère du genou en extension. Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer les résultats du traitement de ce type de raideur par la technique de libération de l'appareil extenseur selon Judet.Matériel et méthodes Onze patients avec un âge moyen de 14 ans ayant une raideur en extension du genou (flexion inférieur à 45°) ont été opérés selon la technique de Judet entre Janvier 1992 et décembre 2011. Leurs dossiers ont été analysés rétrospectivement. L'incision interne pour arthrolyse n'a pas été réalisée. La flexion moyenne préopératoire était 19.55° (0°et 40°). L'extension moyenne préopératoire était de 3.18° (-10°et +20°). Les résultats ont été évalués selon les critères de Judet avec un recul moyen de 9,5 ans (6 mois et 19 ans).Résultats La moyenne de l'amplitude de flexion du genou était de 125° (90° et 150°). La récupération de l'extension était totale. La fonction du quadriceps était cotée à 5/5 chez tous les patients dans un délai de 6 mois. Les résultats étaient très bons (n=9) et bons (n=2).Deux fractures iatrogènes et une désunion cutanée étaient notées pendant la rééducation.Conclusion Cette étude suggère que la libération de l'appareil extenseur selon judet sans arthrolyse interne donne des résultats satisfaisants dans les raideurs sévères du genou chez l'enfant


Assuntos
Abdominoplastia
12.
Afr Health Sci ; 14(3): 753-6, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25352898

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus infections are a worldwide concern. Terminalia ivorensis, of Combretaceae family plant, is widely used traditional medicinal in Côte d'Ivoire to treat dermal diseases (affection in which Staphylococci are implied) including local inflammation and also to treat voice-loss. OBJECTIVES: This study focused to investigate the effect in vitro of the extracts of trunk barks of Terminalia ivorensis on some methicillin/oxacillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, coagulase-negative S. and reference strain of S. aureus ATCC 25923. METHODS: Antibacterial activity of aqueous, 70% ethanolic 70% and aqueous residue extracts was assessed using agar disc-diffusion method and liquid medium microdilution method in 96 multi-well micro-titer plates. This method led us to determine minimum inhibition concentration (M.I.C.) and minimum bactericidal concentration (M.B.C.). The presence of chemical groups major was detected qualitatively. RESULTS: Aqueous and 70% ethanolic 70% extracts showed significant activity against all the bacteria except aqueous residue when compared with the standard antibiotic oxacillin (5 µg/ml). M.I.C. for aqueous and 70% ethanolic 70% extracts ranged from 0,83-16,67 mg/ml and 0,156-13,33 mg/ml respectively. Viable cell determination revealed the bactericidal nature of the two barks extracts. The 70% ethanolic 70% extract exhibited the highest activity according to the M.B.C. values. The phytochemical analysis indicates the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpen/sterols, coumarins, polyphenols and traces of alkaloid. CONCLUSION: The in-vitro antibacterial efficacy shown by the barks of this plant and his lushness in chimical compounds, would justify use of this one in the traditional treatment of some diseases of microbial origin. These compounds could be suggested to provide alternative solution to the development of new therapeutic agents.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Casca de Planta/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Staphylococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Terminalia/química , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Côte d'Ivoire , Humanos , Resistência a Meticilina , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Nigéria , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia
14.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 107(3): 185-7, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24838686

RESUMO

We report the results of an outbreak investigation of urinary schistosomiasis in 2012 among school children at Guébo 2. Among the 250 school children, 107 (42.8%) had confirmed urinary schistosomiasis. Age ≥ 10y (OR = 2.6 [1.1 to 6.2]) and self-reported bathing in the river (OR = 14.0 [4.7 to 42.5]) were associated with the presence of S.h. in the adjusted analyses. A massive deworming of the population of Guébo-1&2 was conducted as epidemic-response.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Esquistossomose Urinária/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cidades/epidemiologia , Côte d'Ivoire/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Instituições Acadêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos
15.
Mali Med ; 29(3): 69-73, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30049107

RESUMO

In the acute phase of noma, the role of surgery is minor and the treatment consists in the realisation of local or regional flaps and sometimes the management of haemorragia. For reasons social and economic reconstruction of the loss of substance should be conducted on site. The treatment consists of surgical excision of fibrous tissue, the removal of the ankylosis and the closure of the PDS by local flaps, or free pediculated. Because of the extreme variety of loss of substance (PDS) and the multiple surgical options, a systematic and eventually, the standardization of the surgical approach in the treatment of sequelae of noma is essential.


A la phase aigue du noma, le rôle de la chirurgie est mineur et consiste en des soins locaux et occasionnellement au traitement de l'hémorragie.Pour des raisons socioculturelles et économiques, la reconstruction des pertes de substance doit se dérouler sur place. Le traitement chirurgical consiste en l'excision des tissus fibreux, la levée de l'ankylose et la fermeture des PDS par des lambeaux locaux, pédiculés ou libres.A cause de l'extrême variété des pertes de substance (PDS) et des multiples options chirurgicales, une systématisation et éventuellement, une standardisation de l'approche chirurgicale dans le traitement des séquelles de noma est indispensable.

16.
Med Trop (Mars) ; 70(4): 359-63, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22368933

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The goals of this study were to determine the prevalence of H. pylori antibodies in children, to establish the relationship between child and mother serostatus, and to identify potential risk factors for contamination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a 3-month period. All children between 6 months and 5 years of age examined in the Pediatrics Department of the University Hospital Center in Yopougon, Côte d'Ivoire were included after obtaining informed consent from their mothers. Testing for H. pylori antibodies using Pylorix (Acon) was performed in both children and mothers. Based on test results, children were divided into two groups, i.e. case group with H. pylori antibodies and control group without H. pylori antibodies. Case and control groups were compared according to the H. pylori status of their mother and several potential lifestyle and environmental factors. RESULTS: A total of 101 children and 101 mothers were included. The prevalence of H. pylori antibodies was 40.6% in mothers and 24.8% in children. The mean age of children (53% male) was 22.8 +/- 15.6 months (median, 18 months). The mean age of the mothers was 29.6 +/- 5.5 years (range, 19 to 46 years; median, 29 years). Most mothers, i.e., 78.2%, lived in two-parent households but 19% lived in single-parent settings (community or shacks). The number of persons living in the same house ranged from 2 to 20 people (mean, 7.2 +/- 3.8; median, 6 people). Mean monthly household income was 226,188 +/- 161,425 FCFA (range: 30,000 - 750,000 FCFA). In the case group, 80% of children had mothers infected with H. pylori. In the control group, 73.7% of children had non-infected mothers (OR = 11.2, p < 0.001). Median income was less than 150 000 FCA in 76% of families with seropositive children in comparison to 46.1% of families with seronegative children (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: This study confirms the early occurrence of H. pylori infection in children. Findings also showed that poor socio-economic condition was a risk factor for infection but the greatest risk factor was living with a mother infected with H. pylori.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Infecções por Helicobacter/transmissão , Helicobacter pylori/imunologia , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Pré-Escolar , Côte d'Ivoire/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto Jovem
18.
Mali Med ; 21(1): 25-9, 2006.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17390525

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: Cord prolapse constitute an imprevisible accident of the period of labor and an important cause of perinatal mortality. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of cord prolapse, its etiological factors and to evaluate fetal prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study was done in the department of obstetric and gynecology of the Treichville university teaching hospital. It is a descriptive prospective study that covers 4 years period, from January 1st 1997 to December 31st 2000. RESULTS: We did record 16.924 deliveries with 47 cases of cord prolapse representing a frequency of 0.28% The influencial factors for occurrence of cord prolapse were: prematurity, multiple pregnancy, dystocic presentations and spontaneous rupture of membranes. 28% of our patients had pregnancy not at term. Twin pregnancies represented 23.4% and in 91% of the cases, prolapsed concerned the second twin. Our rate of cord prolapse associated with vertex presentation was 23.4%; 42.5% in breech and 12.8% in the case of shoulder presentation. Spontaneous rupture of membranes was the most frequent type. In 61.7% of the cases, the delivery was done by caesarian section. Cord prolapse was greatly lethal for the fetus with 36.2% of death occurring before the 5th minute of life. CONCLUSION: Umbilical cord prolapse is a grave obstetrical complication that compromises fetal prognosis.


Assuntos
Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/epidemiologia , Resultado da Gravidez , Prolapso , Cordão Umbilical/patologia , Cesárea , Feminino , Morte Fetal/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Recém-Nascido , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/classificação , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos
20.
Int J STD AIDS ; 10(6): 363-8, 1999 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10414878

RESUMO

A prospective study in gynaecology clinics was conducted in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, to assess the short-term evolution of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). Of 94 women with a cytological diagnosis of SIL, 38 were infected with HIV. The average follow-up period after the initial smear was 5 months. Detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed at both the time of enrolment and final follow-up smear. There were 39 cases of persistent SILs. HIV-positive women had a higher percentage of persistent SIL (76%) than HIV-negative women (18%, relative risk (RR)=4.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.4, 7.7). SILs were more frequent among women infected with HPV at the time of enrolment or with persistent HPV infection, but these associations disappeared after adjusting for HIV serostatus. Spontaneous regression of SILs commonly occurs in HIV-negative African women. HIV-infected women with cervical dyskaryosis require gynaecology follow-up.


PIP: A prospective study was conducted in a gynecology clinic in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, to assess the short-term evolution of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) associated with HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Final analysis included 94 women with cytological diagnosis of SIL, who were seen for initial and follow-up smear control. All women underwent HIV antibody testing after pre-test counseling upon recruitment, and polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect HPV. Out of the 94 women, 38 were infected with HIV and 39 had persistent cases of SIL. HIV-positive women had a higher percentage of persistent SIL (76%) than those who were HIV-negative. SIL incidence was more frequent among women infected with HPV at the time of enrollment or with persistent HPV infection. This study concludes that if HPV infection plays a major role in cervical SIL, other factors contribute to the progression or regression of the lesion, particularly HIV-induced immunosuppression. Therefore, HIV screening should be offered to women with SIL, and specific gynecology follow-up should be conducted on HIV-infected women with cervical SIL in Africa.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/complicações , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Papillomaviridae , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/complicações , Displasia do Colo do Útero/complicações , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/complicações , Adulto , África , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/fisiopatologia , Côte d'Ivoire , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papillomaviridae/classificação , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/fisiopatologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/fisiopatologia
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