Clinical relevance of histologic subtypes in locally advanced esophageal carcinoma treated with pre-operative chemoradiotherapy: Experience of a monographic oncologic centre.

BACKGROUND: Locally advanced esophageal carcinoma (LAEC) represents less than 30% of all diagnosed esophageal carcinoma worldwide. The standard of care for resectable tumours consists of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery. Despite the curative intent, the prognosis is still poor mainly due to relapse. A multidisciplinary approach is required in order to optimize the therapeutic strategy and follow-up. Differences in outcomes between the two main histological subtypes, adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), have been reported. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity in trials design and data available have hampered the achievement of clear conclusions. The purpose of this study is to report the outcomes from a cohort of patients with LAEC treated with a multidisciplinary approach and to remark the differences observed between the two main histologic subtypes and their clinical implications. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 100 patients diagnosed with LAEC that were treated with preoperative CRT at our institution and integrated centres. Histopathological characteristics and toxicities during treatment were recorded. Patterns of recurrence at the first relapse were analysed. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan Meier method and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used. RESULTS: Among the patients who received preoperative CRT, 83% underwent surgery. The median overall survival (mOS) was 31.7 months, 26.9 months for ADC and 45.5 for SCC (p-value = 0.33). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, ypN+ was the only factor that negatively influenced in OS (OR = 4.1, p-value = 0.022). Patterns of recurrence differed according to histologic subtype. Distant relapse was more frequent in ADC (62%), whereas locoregional relapse was higher in SCC (50%) (p-value = 0.027). Second line therapeutic strategies could be offered to 50% of those patients who relapsed. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in outcomes and recurrence pattern could be observed between the two main histologic subtypes of LAEC. A better molecular characterization, adapted therapeutic regimens and follow up strategies should be adopted in order to improve survival of these patients.

Apo AIV and Citrulline Plasma Concentrations in Short Bowel Syndrome Patients: The Influence of Short Bowel Anatomy.

INTRODUCTION: Parenteral nutrition (PN) dependence in short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients is linked to the functionality of the remnant small bowel (RSB). Patients may wean off PN following a period of intestinal adaptation that restores this functionality. Currently, plasma citrulline is the standard biomarker for monitoring intestinal functionality and adaptation. However, available studies reveal that the relationship the biomarker with the length and function of the RSB is arguable. Thus, having additional biomarkers would improve pointing out PN weaning. AIM: By measuring concomitant changes in citrulline and the novel biomarker apolipoprotein AIV (Apo AIV), as well as taking into account the anatomy of the RSB, this exploratory study aims to a better understanding of the intestinal adaptation process and characterization of the SBS patients under PN. METHODS: Thirty four adult SBS patients were selected and assigned to adapted (aSBS) and non-adapted (nSBS) groups after reconstructive surgeries. Remaining jejunum and ileum lengths were recorded. The aSBS patients were either on an oral diet (ORAL group), those with intestinal insufficiency, or on oral and home parenteral nutrition (HPN group), those with chronic intestinal failure. Apo AIV and citrulline were analyzed in plasma samples after overnight fasting. An exploratory ROC analysis using citrulline as gold standard was performed. RESULTS: Biomarkers, Apo AIV and citrulline showed a significant correlation with RSBL in aSBS patients. In jejuno-ileocolic patients, only Apo AIV correlated with RSBL (rb = 0.54) and with ileum length (rb = 0.84). In patients without ileum neither biomarker showed any correlation with RSBL. ROC analysis indicated the Apo AIV cut-off value to be 4.6 mg /100 mL for differentiating between the aSBS HPN and ORAL groups. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, in addition to citrulline, Apo AIV can be set as a biomarker to monitor intestinal adaptation in SBS patients. As short bowel anatomy is shown to influence citrulline and Apo AIV plasma values, both biomarkers complement each other furnishing a new insight to manage PN dependence.

Document of standardization of enteral nutrition access in adults.

The group of standardization and protocols of the Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SENPE) published in 2011 a consensus document SENPE/SEGHNP/ANECIPN/SECP on enteral access for paediatric nutritional support. Along the lines of this document, we have developed another document on adult patients to homogenize the clinical practice and improve the quality of care in enteral access in this age group. The working group included health professionals (nurses, dietitians and doctor) with extensive experience in enteral nutrition and access. We tried to find scientific evidence through a literature review and we used the criteria of the Agency for Health-care Research and Quality (AHRQ) to classify the evidence (Grade of Recommendation A, B or C). Later the document was reviewed by external experts to the group and requested the endorsement of the Scientific and Educational Committee (CCE) and the group of home artificial nutrition (NADYA) of the SENPE. The full text will be published as a monograph number in this journal.

El grupo de estandarización y protocolos de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral (SENPE) publicó en el año 2011 un Documento de Consenso SEN - PE/SEGHNP/ANECIPN/SECP sobre vías de acceso en nutrición enteral (NE) pediátrica. Siguiendo las líneas de este documento, hemos querido realizar un documento similar centrado en los pacientes adultos que sirva para homogeneizar la práctica clínica y mejorar la calidad de los cuidados de las vías de acceso en NE en este grupo de edad. El grupo de trabajo incluyó a profesionales (enfermeras, dietistas y médico) con extensa experiencia en NE y vías de acceso Se intentó buscar la evidencia científica mediante una revisión bibliográfica y se utilizaron los criterios de la Agency for Health-care Research and Quality (AHRQ) para clasificar la evidencia (grados de recomendación A-B-C). Posteriormente el documento fue revisado por expertos externos al grupo y se solicitó el aval del Comité Científico Educacional (CCE) y del Grupo de Nutrición Artificial Domiciliaria y Ambulatoria (NADYA) de la SENPE. El texto completo se publicará como número monográfico.

Documento de estandarización sobre las vías de acceso en nutrición enteral en adultos / Document of standardization of enteral nutrition access in adults

El grupo de estandarización y protocolos de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral (SENPE) publicó en el año 2011 un Documento de Consenso SEN - PE/SEGHNP/ANECIPN/SECP sobre vías de acceso en nutrición enteral (NE) pediátrica. Siguiendo las líneas de este documento, hemos querido realizar un documento similar centrado en los pacientes adultos que sirva para homogeneizar la práctica clínica y mejorar la calidad de los cuidados de las vías de acceso en NE en este grupo de edad. El grupo de trabajo incluyó a profesionales (enfermeras, dietistas y médico) con extensa experiencia en NE y vías de acceso Se intentó buscar la evidencia científica mediante una revisión bibliográfica y se utilizaron los criterios de la Agency for Health-care Research and Quality (AHRQ) para clasificar la evidencia (grados de recomendación A-B-C). Posteriormente el documento fue revisado por expertos externos al grupo y se solicitó el aval del Comité Científico Educacional (CCE) y del Grupo de Nutrición Artificial Domiciliaria y Ambulatoria (NADYA) de la SENPE. El texto completo se publicará como número monográfico (AU)

The group of standardization and protocols of the Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SENPE) published in 2011 a consensus document SENPE/SEGHNP/ANECIPN/SECP on enteral access for paediatric nutritional support. Along the lines of this document, we have developed another document on adult patients to homogenize the clinical practice and improve the quality of care in enteral access in this age group. The working group included health professionals (nurses, dietitians and doctor) with extensive experience in enteral nutrition and access. We tried to find scientific evidence through a literature review and we used the criteria of the Agency for Health-care Research and Quality (AHRQ) to classify the evidence (Grade of Recommendation A, B or C). Later the document was reviewed by external experts to the group and requested the endorsement of the Scientific Committee Educational (CCE) and the group of home artificial nutrition (NADYA) of the SENPE. The full text will be published as a monograph number in this journal (AU)

Formas de administración de la nutrición enteral / No disponible

No disponible