Evaluación clínico-radiológica de la técnica de aloinjerto compactado y vástago cementado en cirugías de revisión de cadera / Clinical-radiological evaluation of the impaction allografting and cemented rod technique in revision knee surgery

Objetivo. Evaluar a largo plazo, el resultado clínico-radiológico, la supervivencia y las complicaciones intra y postoperatorias de pacientes intervenidos de cirugía de revisión de cadera mediante esta técnica. Material y métodos. Estudio analítico observacional, prospectivo y no aleatorizado de 26 pacientes intervenidos de cirugía de revisión de cadera en nuestro hospital (1997-1998), a los que se les realizó un seguimiento clínico-radiológico y un análisis de la supervivencia del implante. Resultados. Se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valores pre y postoperatorios de las escalas de Harris y de Merle D'Aubigne. La supervivencia del implante teniendo en cuenta como punto final la cirugía de revisión fue del 84% a los 13 años. Hubo 9 complicaciones intraoperatorias (6 de ellas fueron fracturas) e influyeron de forma significativa en la estancia hospitalaria. El 70% de los pacientes no tuvo ninguna complicación postoperatoria. Ninguna de las variables analizadas influyó en el hundimiento radiográfico de los implantes. Discusión. Diversas técnicas intentan solventar el déficit de stock óseo en las cirugías de revisión de cadera, pero solo una intenta recuperarlo, el injerto compactado. Conclusiones. La técnica de Ling ofrece una mejoría clínica tanto en la escala de Merle D'Aubigne como en la de Harris, a medio-largo plazo. La presentación de complicaciones intraoperatorias incrementa la estancia hospitalaria y los días necesarios para iniciar la sedestación. La técnica de Ling es una buena opción a tener en cuenta en pacientes jóvenes en los que es previsible que haya una nueva cirugía de revisión en el futuro (AU)

Objective. Long term clinical and radiological evaluation of results, survival, and peri- operative and post-operative complications of the patients who have been operated on for revision total hip arthroplasty using the impaction allografting and cemented rod technique. Material and methods. An observational, analytical, prospective and non-random study was conducted on 26 patients who underwent revision total hip arthroplasty in our Hospital (1997-98). They were clinically and radiologically assessed, and a survival analysis of the implant was performed. Results. Statistically significant differences were identified in the pre- and post-operative values, according to Harris and Merle D'Aubigne scores. The femoral components survival was considered as an endpoint of the revision replacement, which was 84% at a mean of 13 years. There were 9 intraoperative complications (6 were fractures) and they significantly affected the length of hospital stay. No post-operative complications were observed in 70% of the patients. None of the analysed variables had any influence on the radiological subsidence of the femoral component. Discussion. Several techniques aim to solve the bone stock deficiency in revision total hip arthroplasty, but only impaction grafting attempts to recover it. Conclusions. The Ling's technique shows an improvement over the Merle D'Aubigne and Harris scores, in the medium-long term. The intraoperative complications are mainly an increase in the length of hospital stay and the number of days needed to be able to sit down. Ling's technique is a good option to consider in young patients where it is foreseeable that there is a new revision surgery in the future (AU)

[Clinical-radiological evaluation of the impaction allografting and cemented rod technique in revision knee surgery]. / Evaluación clínico-radiológica de la técnica de aloinjerto compactado y vástago cementado en cirugías de revisión de cadera.

OBJECTIVE: Long term clinical and radiological evaluation of results, survival, and peri- operative and post-operative complications of the patients who have been operated on for revision total hip arthroplasty using the impaction allografting and cemented rod technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, analytical, prospective and non-random study was conducted on 26 patients who underwent revision total hip arthroplasty in our Hospital (1997-98). They were clinically and radiologically assessed, and a survival analysis of the implant was performed. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were identified in the pre- and post-operative values, according to Harris and Merle D́Aubigne scores. The femoral components survival was considered as an endpoint of the revision replacement, which was 84% at a mean of 13 years. There were 9 intraoperative complications (6 were fractures) and they significantly affected the length of hospital stay. No post-operative complications were observed in 70% of the patients. None of the analysed variables had any influence on the radiological subsidence of the femoral component. DISCUSSION: Several techniques aim to solve the bone stock deficiency in revision total hip arthroplasty, but only impaction grafting attempts to recover it. CONCLUSIONS: The Ling's technique shows an improvement over the Merle D́Aubigne and Harris scores, in the medium-long term. The intraoperative complications are mainly an increase in the length of hospital stay and the number of days needed to be able to sit down. Ling's technique is a good option to consider in young patients where it is foreseeable that there is a new revision surgery in the future.

XY1Y2 chromosome system in Salinomys delicatus (Rodentia, Cricetidae).

Salinomys delicatus is considered a rare species due to its restricted and patchy distribution, poor records and low abundances. It is also the phyllotine with the lowest known diploid chromosome number (2n = 18), however its sex chromosome system has never been described. Here, we studied the chromosomes of six females and three males with bands G, C, DAPI/CMA(3) and meiosis. In males, the chromosome number was 2n = 19, with one large metacentric X-chromosome and two medium-sized acrocentrics absent in females. The karyotype of females was the same as previously described (2n = 18, FN = 32), with X-chromosomes being metacentric and the largest elements of the complement. In males, the two acrocentrics and the large metacentric form a trivalent in meiotic prophase. This indicates that S. delicatus has XY(1)Y(2) sex chromosomes, which is confirmed by G and DAPI bands. Constitutive heterochromatin (CH) is restricted to small pericentromeric blocks in all chromosomes. The X-chromosome shows the largest block of centromeric CH, which could favor the establishment of this X-autosome translocation. This sex chromosome system is rare in mammals and, compared with other phyllotine rodents, S. delicatus seems to have undergone a major chromosome restructuring during its karyotypic evolution.

Transcription of the human U2 snRNA genes continues beyond the 3' box in vivo.

The 3' box of the human class II snRNA genes is required for proper 3' processing of transcripts, but how it functions is unclear. Several lines of evidence suggest that termination of transcription occurs at the 3' box and the terminated transcript is then a substrate for processing. However, using nuclear run-on analysis of endogenous genes, we demonstrate that transcription continues for at least 250 nucleotides beyond the 3' box of the U2 genes. Although in vivo footprinting analysis of both the U1 and U2 genes detects no protein-DNA contacts directly over the 3' box, a series of G residues immediately downstream from the 3' box of the U1 gene are clearly protected from methylation by dimethylsulfate. In conjunction with the 3' box of the U1 gene, this in vivo footprinted region causes termination of transcription of transiently transfected U2 constructs, whereas a 3' box alone does not. Taken together, these results indicate that the 3' box is not an efficient transcriptional terminator but may act as a processing element that is functional in the nascent RNA.

Regional and temporal specialization in the nucleus: a transcriptionally-active nuclear domain rich in PTF, Oct1 and PIKA antigens associates with specific chromosomes early in the cell cycle.

PTF (PSE-binding transcription factor) activates transcription of snRNA and related genes. We investigated its distribution in HeLa nuclei by immunofluorescence, and found it spread throughout the nucleoplasm in small foci. In some cells, PTF is also concentrated in one, or very few, discrete regions (diameter approximately 1.3 micron) that appear during G1 phase and disappear in S phase. Oct1, a transcription factor that interacts with PTF, is also enriched in these domains; RNA polymerase II, TBP and Sp1 are also present. Each domain typically contains 2 or 3 transcription 'factories' where Br-UTP is incorporated into nascent transcripts. Accordingly, we have christened this region the Oct1/PTF/transcription (OPT) domain. It colocalizes with some, but not all, PIKA domains. It is distinct from other nuclear domains, including coiled bodies, gemini bodies, PML bodies and the perinucleolar compartment. A small region on chromosome 6 (band 6p21) containing only approximately 30 Mbp DNA, and chromosomes 6 and 7, associate with the domain significantly more than other chromosomes. The domains may act like nucleoli to bring particular genes on specific chromosomes together to a region where the appropriate transcription and processing factors are concentrated, thereby facilitating the expression of those genes.

Carcinoma epidermoide pédico: a propósito de un caso: Hospital Dr. Darío Contreras,, Sto Dgo., Rep. Dom

Presentamos un paciente masculino, meztizo, de 63 años, procedente de Barahona, que va a la emergencia del hospital Dr. Darío Contreras con historia de recibir una herida con un vidrio en la panta del pie izquierdo, tratado en un centro del ingenio de dicha población; que se infecta y se trata él mismo en su casa con medicamentos y hojas silvestres. Por el dolor intenso busca ayuda médica y es ingresado a nuestro hospital; mediante estudios de laboratorio y biopsia, realizada en dos instituciones diferentes, se determina que es un carcinoma espinocelular bien diferenciado. Se le realiza una amputación supracondilea del fémur izquierdo; luego es dado de alta en condiciones de salud adecuada y enviado al asilo San Francisco de Asis, porque no tiene familiar que le reclame

Estudio antropologico de las diarreas infantiles en la comuna de Renca, Santiago, Chile / Anthropological study of infantile diarrhea in the community of Renca, Santiago, Chile

Resumen de la tesis de prueba para optar al titulo de Enfermera de la Escuela de Enfermeria de la Universidad de Chile