[Cefminox versus cefotaxime in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infection]. / Cefminox versus cefotaxima en el tratamiento de la infección urinaria complicada.

A comparative study of Cefminox, a new cefamicin, and Cefotaxime was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the former in the treatment of complicated urinary infection, and to correlate in both cases the bacteriological response with isolates MICs. To this end a phase III, randomized, blind and controlled clinical trial was conducted in 22 patients who met the study's preestablished criteria, 19 of which were evaluable. Both treatments achieved 100% clinical efficacy, while microbiological eradication was accomplished in 90.9% patients treated with Cefminox and 75% patients who received the comparator. Cefminox shows greater in vivo activity than that expected for the MICs, excellent efficacy and safety.

Intrapartum chemoprophylaxis of early-onset group B streptococcal disease.

A randomized study in 121 pregnant women carrier of group B streptococci is undertaken in order to assess the administration of 500 mg of intrapartum ampicillin intravenously to interrupt mother-to-fetus group B streptococcal transmission. In the prophylaxis group there was a significant reduction in neonatal colonization (3.7 vs. 42.9%) and in severe neonatal colonization (0 vs. 25%). There was no case of group B streptococcal sepsis in the prophylaxis group compared to 4.6% (3 cases) in the control group (P greater than 0.05). Clinically infected newborns represented 3.3% in the prophylaxis group vs. 13.8% in the control group. When the organism was isolated during delivery in the vagina or amniotic fluid, prophylaxis was quickly followed by second negative cultures. Ampicillin levels in the amniotic fluid were detected early, and they increased significantly till the third hour. Bactericidal levels in the umbilical cord were detected in 60% of newborns. All these findings support the usefulness of ampicillin prophylaxis in the prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis.

In vitro evaluation of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) combined with amikacin against gram-negative bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus.

The in vitro synergistic activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin and amikacin was determined against gentamicin-resistant enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. N-Formimidoyl thienamycin showed synergism with amikacin against 19 of the gentamicin-resistant strains, 14 of the 49 strains of S. aureus, and only 1 strain of the 46 P. aeruginosa isolates.

In vitro activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin against 98 clinical isolates of Brucella melitensis compared with those of cefoxitin, rifampin, tetracycline, and co-trimoxazole.

IN vitro susceptibilities of 98 isolates of Brucella melitensis to N-formimidoyl thienamycin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, rifampin, and cefoxitin were determined. N-Formimidoyl thienamycin showed good activity which was similar to those of tetracycline and rifampin and different from that of the other beta-lactam antibiotic tested (cefoxitin), which showed poor activity. Co-trimoxazole showed good activity.