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J Physiol Biochem ; 77(2): 261-272, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33555533

RESUMO

Hypercaloric low-protein diet may lead to a state of malnutrition found in the low-income population of Northeastern Brazil. Although malnutrition during critical periods in the early life is associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood, the mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction are still unclear. Here we studied the effects of post-weaning malnutrition due to low protein intake induced by a regional basic diet on the cardiac contractility of young adult rats. In vivo arterial hemodynamic and in vitro myocardial contractility were evaluated in 3-month-old rats. Additionally, protein content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA), total phospholamban (PLB) and phosphorylated at serine 16 (p-Ser(16)-PLB), α2-subunit of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (α2-NKA), and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NXC) and in situ production of superoxide anion (O2(-)) were measured in the heart. Blood pressure and heart rate increased in the post-weaning malnourished (PWM) rats. Moreover, malnutrition decreased twitch force and inotropic responses of the isolated cardiac muscle. Protein expression of SERCA, PLB/SERCA, and p-Ser(16)-PLB/PLB ratios and α2-NKA were decreased without changing NCX. The contraction dependent on transsarcolemmal calcium influx was unchanged but responsiveness to Ca(2+) and tetanic peak contractions were impaired in the PWM group. Myocardial O2(-) production was significantly increased by PWM. Our data demonstrated that this hypercaloric low-protein diet in rats is associated with myocardial dysfunction, altered expression of major calcium handling proteins, and increased local oxidative stress. These findings reinforce the attention needed for pediatric care, since chronic malnutrition in early life is related to increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Graphical Abstract.


Assuntos
Cálcio/metabolismo , Dieta com Restrição de Proteínas/efeitos adversos , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/metabolismo , Trocador de Sódio e Cálcio/metabolismo , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/genética , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Masculino , Contração Miocárdica/fisiologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Estresse Oxidativo , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/etiologia , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/genética , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Retículo Sarcoplasmático/metabolismo , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático/genética , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático/metabolismo , Trocador de Sódio e Cálcio/genética , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/genética , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/metabolismo , Desmame
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