Endovascular Repair Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury in Adolescent: A Case Series.

BACKGROUND: Blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI) is a rare occurrence in adolescents, yet it is associated with a high mortality rate necessitating immediate treatment. Although endovascular repair has become the preferred treatment for such injuries in adults, its effectiveness in adolescents remains uncertain. CASE SUMMARY: Blunt traumatic aortic injury typically presents with concomitant injuries to other organs and carries a high perioperative mortality rate with operative repair (OR). In this report, we describe the treatment of 3 clinical cases of BTAI in adolescents using thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). These cases contribute pertinent evidence supporting the efficacy of intravascular repair for BTAI. CONCLUSION: Operative repair (OR) remains the gold standard for treating BTAI in adolescents. Nevertheless, TEVAR therapy presents a viable alternative for patients with multiple injuries in whom anticoagulation is contraindicated. Further long-term observation is necessary to assess the lasting effects of TEVAR therapy. CLINICAL IMPACT: This study has provided insights into endovascular repair for adolescent BTAT, offering clinicians significant reference material for choosing treatment strategies for adolescent BTAT. The study aims to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of endovascular repair treatments in a series of clinical cases involving adolescent BTAI.

Advances in Research on Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 2: Functions and Diseases.

Protein arginine methylation stands as a prevalent post-translational modification process, exerting vital roles in cellular signal transduction, gene expression, and cell cycle regulation. Amidst the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family, PRMT2 stands as a less explored constituent. Nonetheless, its regulatory roles in transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional modification, methylation activity regulation, immunoregulation, and developmental regulation have garnered attention. These capabilities enable PRMT2 to exert pivotal regulatory functions in certain malignancies, metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we highlight the structure and functions of PRMT2, emphasizing its association with diseases. We also discuss PRMT2 inhibitors and explore the potential for therapeutic targeting.

Persistent Sciatic Artery in Right Lower Extremity Complicated by Thrombosis: A Case Report.

PURPOSE: Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare congenital vascular malformation with an incidence of approximately 0.025% to 0.04%. Persistent sciatic artery has major complications, such as aneurysms, thrombosis, and occlusion. Complications may lead to a range of serious clinical problems, and a timely diagnosis of this vascular variant is crucial to avoid life-threatening complications. CASE: A 65-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with pain and chills in the right lower extremity for 2 months, which gradually worsened. This was accompanied by numbness in the right foot for the last 10 days. Computed tomography angiography showed that the right inferior gluteal artery and right popliteal artery of the right internal iliac artery were connected, which is considered a congenital developmental variant. This was complicated by multiple thromboses of the right internal and external iliac arteries, and the right femoral artery. After admission to the hospital, the patient underwent endovascular staging surgery to relieve numbness and pain in the lower extremities. CONCLUSION: Treatment strategies can be selected based on the anatomical characteristics of PSA and superficial femoral artery. Asymptomatic patients with PSA can be closely monitored. Surgery or individualized endovascular treatment plans should be considered for patients with aneurysm formation or vascular occlusion. CLINICAL IMPACT: For the rare vascular variation of the PSA, clinicians must make a timely and accurate diagnosis. Ultrasound screening is essential, which requires experienced ultrasound doctors to be aware of vascular interpretation and develop personalized treatment plans for each patient. In this case, we adopt staged a minimally invasive intervention to solve the problem of lower limb ischemic pain for patients. This operation has the advantages of rapid recovery and less trauma, which has important reference significance for other clinicians.

Benign symmetric lipomatosis (Madelung's disease) with concomitant incarcerated femoral hernia: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Benign symmetric lipomatosis (BSL) was first described by Brodie in 1846 and defined as Madelung's disease by Madelung in 1888. At present, about 400 cases have been reported worldwide. Across these cases, surgical resection remains the recommended treatment. Here we report a case of neck BSL with concomitant thick fatty deposit in the inguinal region, which concealed the signs of a right incarcerated femoral hernia. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with "abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea-vomiting and difficult defecation for half a month". Moreover, he had a mass in the right inguinal region for more than 10 years. An egg-sized neck mass also developed 15 years ago and had developed into a full neck enlargement 1 year later. In addition, the patient had a history of heavy alcohol consumption for more than 40 years. With the aid of computerized tomography scan, the patient was diagnosed with BSL and a low intestinal mechanical obstruction caused by a right inguinal incarcerated hernia. Under general anesthesia, right inguinal incarcerated femoral hernia loosening and tension-free hernia repair was performed. However, this patient did not receive BSL resection. After a 1-year follow-up, no recurrence of the right inguinal femoral hernia was found. Moreover, no increase in fat accumulation was found in the neck or other areas. CONCLUSION: Secretive intraperitoneal fat increase may be difficult to detect, but a conservative treatment strategy can be adopted as long as it does not significantly affect the quality-of-life.

Endovascular Repair of an Aneurysm Arising from a Celiomesenteric Trunk.

Celiac axis (CA) aneurysm is a rare vascular condition, consisting of only 3.6-4% of visceral artery aneurysms but is frequently life threatening and can result in death. A celiomesenteric trunk (CMT) is an anatomic anomaly in which the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries arise from a common trunk. This structure accounts for only 1% of visceral artery variation, and a celiac artery aneurysm at a CMT is exceptionally rare. Here, we report the case of a 62-year-old woman with a celiac artery aneurysm at a CMT. Endovascular repair was completed using a bare metal stent-assisted coil. Satisfactory results were observed at the 10-month follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported of bare metal stent-assisted coil repair of a CA aneurysm at a CMT.

Spontaneous rupture of the left common iliac vein.

A 63-year-old woman was admitted because she presented with acute lower abdominal pain and left leg pain without any history of trauma. Lower extremity venous duplex ultrasound demonstrated deep vein thrombosis in the left lower extremity. Computed tomography scan revealed high-density, irregular clumps in the pelvic region and a soft-tissue mass shadow in the right lower abdomen. Emergency laparotomy revealed a 1.5-cm longitudinal tear in the left common iliac vein. The vein was repaired primarily and the postoperative course was uneventful.