RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to design software for localization of cephalometric landmarks and to evaluate its accuracy in finding landmarks. METHODS: 40 digital cephalometric radiographs were randomly selected. 16 landmarks which were important in most cephalometric analyses were chosen to be identified. Three expert orthodontists manually identified landmarks twice. The mean of two measurements of each landmark was defined as the baseline landmark. The computer was then able to compare the automatic system's estimate of a landmark with the baseline landmark. The software was designed using Delphi and Matlab programming languages. The techniques were template matching, edge enhancement and some accessory techniques. RESULTS: The total mean error between manually identified and automatically identified landmarks was 2.59 mm. 12.5% of landmarks had mean errors less than 1 mm. 43.75% of landmarks had mean errors less than 2 mm. The mean errors of all landmarks except the anterior nasal spine were less than 4 mm. CONCLUSIONS: This software had significant accuracy for localization of cephalometric landmarks and could be used in future applications. It seems that the accuracy obtained with the software which was developed in this study is better than previous automated systems that have used model-based and knowledge-based approaches.
Assuntos
Cefalometria , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Design de Software , Algoritmos , Pontos de Referência Anatômicos , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Masculino , Linguagens de Programação , Intensificação de Imagem RadiográficaRESUMO
The study used the Dental Aesthetic Index to evaluate the orthodontic treatment needs of adolescents from state junior high schools in Shiraz city, Islamic Republic of Iran. A random sample of 900 pupils (450 girls, and 450 boys) aged 12-15 years old, who received no orthodontic treatment before or during the study, were selected randomly over 2 months in 2004. Most of the pupils (70.1%) had normal or minor malocclusion indicating no need for orthodontic treatment. Only 4.2% had disabling malocclusion that required treatment. Severe and very severe grades of malocclusion were more common in boys than girls. Iranian youth from Shiraz had better dental appearance and needed less orthodontic treatment than other populations.
Assuntos
Má Oclusão/epidemiologia , Má Oclusão/terapia , Avaliação das Necessidades/organização & administração , Ortodontia , Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Proteção da Criança/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos de Saúde Bucal , Feminino , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Má Oclusão/classificação , Má Oclusão/diagnóstico , Vigilância da População , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
The study used the Dental Aesthetic Index to evaluate the orthodontic treatment needs of adolescents from state junior high schools in Shiraz city, Islamic Republic of Iran. A random sample of 900 pupils [450 girls, and 450 boys] aged 12-15 years old, who received no orthodontic treatment before or during the study, were selected randomly over 2 months in 2004. Most of the pupils [70.1%] had normal or minor malocclusion indicating no need for orthodontic treatment. Only 4.2% had malocclusion that required treatment. Severe and very severe grades of malocclusion were more disabling common in boys than girls. Iranian youth from Shiraz had better dental appearance and needed less orthodontic treatment than other populations
