RESUMO
Purpose: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), a multifactorial disease, is the most common ocular condition for patients seeking medical treatment and is characterized by ocular burning, stinging, and dryness. This pooled analysis examined the effect of OTX-101 0.09% versus vehicle on the total and individual conjunctival staining in patients with KCS from phase 2b/3 and phase 3 studies. Methods: In these randomized, multicenter, double-masked, and vehicle-controlled studies, patients received 1 drop of OTX-101 0.09% or vehicle in both eyes twice daily. The time points for the pooled analysis were baseline (day 0) and study days 28, 56, and 84/early discontinuation. Conjunctival staining was graded on a 0- to 3-point scale per zone and averaged over both eyes at each assessment. Pooled safety assessments included adverse event (AE) reporting. Results: The total mean (standard deviation) conjunctival staining scores at baseline were 5.4 (1.7) for OTX-101 (n = 523) and 5.5 (1.7) for vehicle (n = 525). OTX-101 versus vehicle significantly reduced the total conjunctival staining scores (P = 0.0316, <0.0001, and 0.0002) for days 28, 56, and 84, respectively. The most common treatment-related AE was instillation site pain (21.8% OTX-101 vs. 4.0% vehicle); most AEs were mild in nature. Conclusions: Treatment with OTX-101 versus vehicle significantly improved the conjunctival staining in KCS as early as 4 weeks, and the improvement was maintained through 12 weeks. OTX-101 was effective and well tolerated for use in KCS.
Assuntos
Ciclosporina/administração & dosagem , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Ceratoconjuntivite Seca/tratamento farmacológico , Ensaios Clínicos Fase II como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos Fase III como Assunto , Ciclosporina/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Micelas , Nanopartículas , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To examine the incidence of seed migration detected on chest X-ray and to identify the predictors associated with its occurrence. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between May 1998 and April 2000, 102 patients underwent permanent prostate brachytherapy at our institution and 100 were eligible for the study. Chest X-rays obtained at follow-up were examined for the number and location of seeds. The patient and treatment variables potentially associated with the occurrence and number of seed migrations were analyzed. RESULTS: One or more seeds were identified on the chest X-rays of 55 (55%) of 100 patients. The mean number of intrathoracic seeds in patients with migration was 2.2 (range, 1-10), and the proportion of seeds that migrated to the thorax was 0.98%. The rate of extraprostatic seeds planned was 43.9%, and postimplant CT identified 37.9% in such a location. The number of seeds planned for extraprostatic placement and below the apex were statistically significant (alpha = 0.05) predictors in univariate logistic analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed the planned number of extraprostatic seeds as the only statistically significant predictor (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Extraprostatic placement of loose seeds is associated with an increased likelihood for, and frequency of, seed migration to the thorax. Nonetheless, the small proportion of implanted seeds that migrated (Assuntos
Braquiterapia/instrumentação
, Migração de Corpo Estranho/diagnóstico por imagem
, Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem
, Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia
, Idoso
, Análise de Variância
, Ventrículos do Coração
, Humanos
, Masculino
, Pessoa de Meia-Idade
, Tórax
, Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X