Prevalence of Ectopic Canine in Different Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Patterns.

AIM: The present investigation aims to find out the prevalence of ectopic canines among skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusions and to evaluate its variability among different genders and their growth patterns. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample included orthopantomograms (OPGs), lateral skull views, and study models of 999 patients collected from departmental archives. Among the selected samples, 258 were males and 738 were females. They were divided into skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusions sagittally and hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent groups according to their angle formed between point A-Nasion - point B (ANB) and angle formed between the Sella-Nasion (SN) plane and Gonion (Go) - Gnathion (Gn) plane (SnGoGn) values respectively. RESULTS: Of the 999 samples, 738 (73.9%) were female and 260 (25.8%) were male patients. When compared to men, females had a higher proportion of ectopic canines. An estimated 62.3% of skeletal class I, 29.1% of skeletal class II, and 8.6% of skeletal class III cases were found to have ectopic canines. An estimated 720 (72.1%) patients were found to have maxillary ectopic canines and out of the available sample, 474 patients have horizontal growth patterns, 335 have average growth patterns and 190 patients have vertical growth patterns. Labial impaction was the commonest (65.4%) followed by palatal (24.8%). Bilateral impaction was comparatively more (51.1%) than unilateral impaction (48.2%). Maxilla was more prevalent (72.1%) as compared to the mandible (16.3%) and for both the arches it was (11.6%). Ectopic canines were identified in a total of 62.3% of cases with skeletal class I, 29.1% of cases with skeletal class II, and 8.6% of cases with skeletal class III. CONCLUSION: The bilateral ectopic canine was mostly seen in skeletal class I and class III malocclusions, whereas, a unilateral presentation was mostly seen in skeletal class II malocclusions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Knowing the likelihood of a maxillary canine erupting ectopically will aid clinicians in starting with interceptive therapy since this condition necessitates complex orthodontic mechanics.

An Update on Newer Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Teeth: A Literature Review.

Primary molars with asymptomatic reversible pulpitis are commonly treated by pulpotomy procedure. Different pulpotomy materials used so far for pulpotomy that have been mentioned in the literature have been included in this article. This literature review includes all medicaments including natural alternatives. Many significant medicaments with their success rates have been mentioned in this paper. To increase the therapeutic success of pulpotomy procedure, it is necessary to identify a novel effective and preferably natural pulpotomy medicament.

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Clinical Characteristics with Special Emphasis on Etiological Criteria.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an entity to describe the enamel defects of the first permanent molars with the involvement of one or more incisors due to an underlying systemic cause. It is a frequently encountered challenge by dentists in a dental clinic and dental complications affecting patient's quality of life. Early diagnosis is the key to protect and prevent the deterioration of the condition. This article aims to highlight different aspects of etiology to treatment options in young patients related to MIH.