Impacto de CYP2C19*2 en la reactividad plaquetar en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo tratados con clopidogrel / Relevance of CYP2C19*2 regarding platelet reactivity in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with clopidogrel

Fundamento y objetivo: El valor de los polimorfismos PON1-Q192R, CYP2C19*2 y *17 en la identificación del paciente pobre respondedor a clopidogrel es controvertido. Evaluamos la relación de los polimorfismos señalados con la reactividad plaquetar y el pronóstico a medio plazo en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo remitidos para cateterismo cardíaco. Pacientes y método: Se incluyeron prospectivamente 247 pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo. En todos se dispuso del genotipo (CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*17, PON1-Q192R). Medimos la reactividad plaquetar con VerifyNow®. Se registraron episodios adversos intrahospitalarios (muerte, infarto periprocedimiento) y durante el seguimiento (muerte, infarto de miocardio, angina, accidente cerebrovascular, trombosis del stent). Resultados: Los portadores de alelos *2 de CYP2C19 presentaron una mayor reactividad plaquetar residual (PRU, media [DE] de 252 [76] frente a 287 [74], p = 0,002). Los portadores de alelos *17 de CYP2C19*17 o de alelos T(Q) de PON1-Q192R no presentaron una reactividad distinta (p > 0,05). En un modelo multivariado para la predicción de pobre respuesta a clopidogrel, la contribución de CYP2C19*2 fue modesta (Wald = 7,5; odds ratio [OR] para ≥ 1 alelo *2 = 2.786, intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%] 1.337-5.808). Fueron factores protectores independientes la hemoglobina basal (OR 0,666, IC 95% 0,555-0,801) y el uso concomitante de estatinas (OR 0,376, IC 95% 0,162-0,873). El índice de masa corporal fue un factor de riesgo (OR 1.074, IC 95% 1.005-1.148). Los polimorfismos estudiados no predijeron episodios adversos. Conclusiones: El polimorfismo de CYP2C19*2 influyó en la respuesta a clopidogrel de forma modesta, pero no condicionó un pronóstico distinto en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo. Los polimorfismos de PON1-Q192R y CYP2C19*17 no influyeron en la reactividad plaquetar ni el pronóstico (AU)

Background and objective: Previous studies have shown that the metabolism of P2Y12 receptor blockers is influenced not only by CYP2C19*2 but also by PON1-Q192R alelles. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C19*2 and PON1-Q192R polymorphisms carriage in platelet reactivity and clinical outcome in patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. Patients and method: We recruited prospectively patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing cardiac catheterization (n = 247). We evaluated the genotype (CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*17, PON1-Q192R) with TaqMan1 assay and platelet aggregometry in all patients. We assessed both in and out-of-hospital events (unstable angina, periprocedural and spontaneous myocardial infarction, myocardial infarction, all-cause death, stent thrombosis and stroke) during follow-up. Results: Carriers of CYP2C19*2 alleles showed a significant higher residual platelet reactivity (PRU, mean [SD], 252 [76] vs. 287 [74], P = .002). Carriers of PON1-Q192R CT(RQ) and TT(QQ) alleles and CYP2C19*17 did not present a different response to clopidogrel. In a multivariable setting for the prediction of platelet reactivity, the contribution of CYP2C19*2 was modest (Wald = 7.5; odds ratio [OR] for 1 alelle *2 = 2,786, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1,337-5,808). Independent predictors were baseline hemoglobin levels (g/dL, OR .666, 95% CI .555-.801) and the use of statins (OR .376, 95% CI .162-.873). Body mass index was a risk factor (OR 1,074, CI 95% 1,005-1,148). Studied polymorphisms did not predict an adverse outcome (AU)

[Relevance of CYP2C19 2 regarding platelet reactivity in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with clopidogrel]. / Impacto de CYP2C19 2 en la reactividad plaquetar en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo tratados con clopidogrel.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that the metabolism of P2Y12 receptor blockers is influenced not only by CYP2C19 2 but also by PON1-Q192R alelles. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C19 2 and PON1-Q192R polymorphisms carriage in platelet reactivity and clinical outcome in patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We recruited prospectively patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing cardiac catheterization (n=247). We evaluated the genotype (CYP2C19 2, CYP2C19 17, PON1-Q192R) with TaqMan(®) assay and platelet aggregometry in all patients. We assessed both in and out-of-hospital events (unstable angina, periprocedural and spontaneous myocardial infarction, myocardial infarction, all-cause death, stent thrombosis and stroke) during follow-up. RESULTS: Carriers of CYP2C19 2 alleles showed a significant higher residual platelet reactivity (PRU, mean [SD], 252 [76] vs. 287 [74], P=.002). Carriers of PON1-Q192R CT(RQ) and TT(QQ) alleles and CYP2C19 17 did not present a different response to clopidogrel. In a multivariable setting for the prediction of platelet reactivity, the contribution of CYP2C19 2 was modest (Wald=7.5; odds ratio [OR] for ≥ 1 alelle 2=2,786, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1,337-5,808). Independent predictors were baseline hemoglobin levels (g/dL, OR .666, 95% CI .555-.801) and the use of statins (OR .376, 95% CI .162-.873). Body mass index was a risk factor (OR 1,074, CI 95% 1,005-1,148). Studied polymorphisms did not predict an adverse outcome. CONCLUSIONS: CYP2C19 2 polymorphism influenced moderately platelet reactivity but did not show an impact on clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Neither CYP2C19 17 nor PON1-Q192R polymorphisms showed an impact upon platelet reactivity or outcome.

Cuando la resistencia a los bloqueadores del receptor de adenosindifosfato centra toda la atención, ¿la resistencia a la aspirina tiene algo que decir? / With so much attention paid to adenosine diphosphate receptor blockers, is there still a role for aspirin resistance?

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