RESUMO
PURPOSE: To report the diagnosis and management of a series of chronic postoperative endophthalmitis caused by Stephanoascus ciferrii. METHODS: This is a retrospective consecutive case series at a tertiary eye care institute. Case records of consecutive cases of chronic postoperative endophthalmitis caused by a novel fungus S. ciferrii were analyzed. The clinical presentations, microbiologic workup including microscopy, culture, antifungal susceptibility and polymerase chain reaction for fungal DNA of clinical samples, and the clinical management were noted. The cases underwent anterior chamber tap, vitreous biopsy, core vitrectomy, and intraocular lens explantation, and the management consisted of a combination of topical and systemic therapy and intravitreal injections of antimicrobial agents. RESULTS: The report includes four eyes of four patients. All patients were diagnosed as chronic postcataract surgery endophthalmitis, and they showed variable levels of persistent low-grade intraocular inflammation till the intraocular lens was explanted. S. ciferrii (identified by the Vitek 2 compact system) was grown in culture from one or more of the clinical samples such as vitreous, anterior chamber fluid, capular bag, and intraocular lens. Fungal DNA was detected from vitreous in one case. One isolate tested for antifungal susceptibility was resistant to amphotericin B; however, the patient responded to treatment with the drug. Good clinical outcome was achieved in all patients. CONCLUSION: We describe successful treatment of endophthalmitis caused by S. ciferrii. A good response is obtained after pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular lens explantation.