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PURPOSE: This study aims to report clinicopathologic and imaging features of odontogenic myxomas (OM), highlighting uncommon findings. METHODS: Clinicopathologic and imaging data of OMs diagnosed in the five Brazilian diagnostic pathology centers were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The series comprised 42 females (68.9%) and 19 males (31.1%), with a 2.2:1 female-to-male ratio and a mean age of 34.5±15.4 years (range: 4-80). Clinically, most OMs presented as painless intraoral swelling (n = 36; 70.6%) in the mandible (n=37; 59.7%). Multilocular lesions (n=30; 83.3%) were more common than unilocular lesions (n=6; 16.7%). There was no statistically significant difference between the average size of unilocular and multilocular OMs (p=0.2431). The borders of OMs were mainly well-defined (n=24; 66.7%) with different degrees of cortication. Only seven tumors caused tooth resorption (15.9%), while 24 (54.5%) caused tooth displacement. Cortical bone perforation was observed in 12 (38.7%) cases. Morphologically, OMs were characterized mainly by stellate or spindle-shaped cells in a myxoid background (n=53; 85.5%). Surgical resection was the most common treatment modality (n=15; 65.2%), followed by conservative surgery (n=8; 34.8%). Outcomes were available in 20 cases (32.3%). Seven of these patients had local recurrence (35%). Enucleation was the treatment with the highest recurrence rate (4/7; 57.1%). CONCLUSIONS: OM has a predilection for the posterior region of the jaws of female adults. Despite their bland morphological appearance, they displayed diverse imaging features. Clinicians must include the OM in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic lesions of the jaws. A long follow-up is needed to monitor possible recurrences.
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BACKGROUND: Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is an uncommon benign lesion in the oral cavity whose pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Due to their infrequent occurrence and similarity to other oral lesions, they are often forgotten during the initial clinical diagnosis. Therefore, understanding its prevalence, clinical and pathological characteristics is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and adequate management. METHODS: All cases diagnosed as GCTs in six Brazilian and Argentinian oral diagnostic centers were re-evaluated by HE staining, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected and evaluated. RESULTS: The series comprised 45 female (73.8%) and 16 male (26.2%), with a 2.8:1 female-to-male ratio and a mean age of 35.3 ± 16.9 years (range: 7-77 years). Most cases occurred on the tongue (n = 49; 81.6%) and presented clinically as asymptomatic papules or nodules (n = 50; 89.3%) with a normochromic (n = 25; 45.5%) or yellowish (n = 11; 20.0%) coloration and sizes ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 cm (mean ± SD: 1.40 ± 0.75 cm). Morphologically, most tumors were characterized by a poorly delimited proliferation (n = 52; 88.1%) of cells typically rounded to polygonal containing abundant, eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm. Pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian were identified in all lesions (n = 61; 100%). Entrapment of skeletal striated muscle (n = 44; 72.1%) and nerve fibers (n = 42; 68.9%) were common findings. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) was observed in 23 cases (39.0%). In only 27.7% of cases (n = 13) there was agreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Outcome information was available from 16 patients (26.2%), with clinical follow-up ranging from 4 to 36 months (mean 13.3 months), and none developed local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and histopathological features of GCTs were consistent with those described in previous studies. In general, these lesions have a predilection for the lateral region of the tongue in adult women. It is essential to consider GCTs in the differential diagnosis of yellow or normochromic papules and nodules in the oral cavity. Histopathological evaluation is essential for the definitive diagnosis and the prognosis is excellent.
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Tumor de Células Granulares , Neoplasias Bucais , Humanos , Tumor de Células Granulares/patologia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adolescente , Criança , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , BrasilRESUMO
Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia (TUGSE) is a rare lesion of a traumatic-reactive nature of the oral mucosa that can clinically mimic an oral carcinoma. A 59-year-old male patient presented painful ulceration with indurated margins on the base of the tongue, extending to the floor of the mouth. The use of ill-fitting denture hurting the mucosa of the region was reported by the patient. The evolution time was 45 days. The presumptive diagnoses were oral squamous cell carcinoma and chronic ulcer. An incisional biopsy revealed an ulceration associated with an eosinophil-rich inflammatory infiltrate and a bed of proliferating histiocyte-like cells in either diffuse or fasciculate arrangement. There was diffuse immunopositivity for CD3, but focal for CD68 and α-SMA, and negativity for CD30. The final diagnosis was TUGSE. The use of the ill-fitting dental prosthesis was suspended and the lesion had complete spontaneous remission three weeks later. TUGSE is an uncommon traumatic self-limiting lesion that must be included in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative lesions resembling oral cancer. The correlation of clinical and histopathological findings is pivotal for a proper diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary aggressive surgical approaches. Key words:Oral ulcer, eosinophilia, immunohistochemical, differential diagnosis.
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OBJECTIVE: To report the clinicopathologic features of 19 oral solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs). METHODS: Clinical data were collected from the records of seven pathology services. All cases were re-evaluated by HE staining and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The series comprised 11 females (57.9%) and 8 males (42.1%), with a mean age of 47.3 ± 14.7 years (range: 22-71 years) and a 1.3:1 female-to-male ratio. Most tumors affected the buccal mucosa (n = 7; 36.8%) and presented clinically as an asymptomatic solitary submucosal well-circumscribed nodule with coloration similar to the oral mucosa. Morphologically, most SFTs (n = 10; 52.6%) exhibited a classic hybrid pattern characterized by a well-circumscribed proliferation of densely cellular areas alternating with hypocellular areas in a variably collagenous vascular stroma. Remnants of accessory salivary glands were observed in two cases (n = 2; 10.5%). All tumors were positive for STAT6 and CD34 (n = 19; 100%). Outcome information was available from 6 patients (31.6%), with clinical follow-up ranging from 6 to 24 months (mean ± SD, 9.5 ± 6.8 months), and none developed local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Oral SFTs are rare and often clinically misdiagnosed. Pathologists should consider SFT in the differential diagnosis of oral spindle cell tumors. Accurate diagnosis requires careful morphological evaluation supported by immunohistochemical analysis.
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Carcinoma Ex-Pleomorphic Adenoma (CExPA) is a salivary gland carcinoma derived from a primary or recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma (PA) extremely rare in minor salivary glands. In this paper, we report the case of a male afrodescendant patient, 37 years old, presenting a palatal irregular nodular lesion with approximately 3.5 cm diameter. The lesion had over two years of evolution, but started growing faster and presenting pain and ulceration in the last two months. The incisional biopsy revealed a typical pleomorphic adenoma with focal areas of nests of epidermoid and mucous cells, as well as microcyst formations, resembling the mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for CK7, CK13, CK 14, p63 and Ki67 (about 30%), whereas α-SMA was restricted to the PA component. The diagnosis was CExPA (MEC-type). A discussion on the histopathological and immunohistochemical criteria for differential diagnosis of CExPA is provided in this work, hoping to contribute to a better knowledge and understanding of this rare malignant tumor. Key words:Salivary gland neoplasms, pleomorphic adenoma, adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, pathology, differential diagnosis.
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BACKGROUND: Polymeric nanoparticles have a wide diversity, and due to their toxicity and biodegradability, they have been widely used in the health area. Its use allows stability of some compounds, targeted delivery, and increased half-life, in this context, making some treatment proposals more effective. Prostate cancer, in turn, is among the types of cancer with the highest mortality, and the lack of effective treatment causes several strategies to meet this need. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to verify patents that use polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of prostate cancer. METHODS: For that, specific keywords to direct the search were applied in Patent Scope. After obtaining the patents, one was selected for the development of critical analysis in relation to its chemistry and biology. RESULTS: A total of five patents were found and, of these, an invention that used PCL-PLGA-PEGCOOH polymeric nanoparticles with two natural compounds, resveratrol and celastrol, providing an alternative method to traditional monotherapies. CONCLUSION: The prospective analysis serves to direct us in relation to the technologies currently used in certain fields. Based on several cases of cancer and specifically the countless cases of prostate cancer, five recent patents were found using polymeric nanoparticles. However, only one brought a different aspect of all the treatments used lately. It brought an invention containing two natural compounds being carried with polymeric nanoparticles with promising results.
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Nanopartículas , Neoplasias da Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Patentes como Assunto , Neoplasias da Próstata/tratamento farmacológico , Tecnologia , Meia-Vida , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico , PolímerosRESUMO
Melasma is a recurrent hypermelanosis disorder characterized by the appearance of brownish and symmetrical spots on the skin. It affects the quality of life and is resistant to available treatment approaches. Cysteamine has been reported as a promising depigmenting agent for melasma treatment and following formulation enhancement, its use is being reported. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the use of depigmenting formulations containing 5% cysteamine in the treatment of patients with melasma. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Science Direct, and Scielo databases until December 27, 2021, based on criteria selected by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.4 software. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials. A total of six studies containing 120 melasma patients treated with 5% cysteamine were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated that 5% cysteamine is effective for the treatment of patients with melasma (MD 6.26 [95% CI 3.68-8.83], p < 0.0001, I2 = 86%). In this review, through meta-analysis allows concluding that 5% cysteamine is effective in the treatment of melasma and presents a low probability of side or adverse effects.
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Cisteamina , Melanose , Humanos , Cisteamina/efeitos adversos , Qualidade de Vida , Melanose/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
UV radiation can cause damages, such as erythema, skin photoaging, and carcinogenesis. The adoption of protective measures against sun exposure is essential to prevent these damages, and the interest in using natural substances as an alternative for photoprotection is growing. Thus, hesperetin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties is a promising substance to be used with photochemopreventive action and to protect the skin from damage induced by UV radiation. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a topical formulation based on AAMVPC gel containing hesperetin and evaluate its photoprotective effect on the skin of rats exposed to UVA-UVB radiation. The animals were submitted to the irradiation protocol UVA-UVB, and at the end, erythema, lipid peroxidation, and activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase and superoxide dismutase were evaluated. Additionally, it evaluated the activity of myeloperoxidase and histological changes. The formulation presented a rheological and spreadability profile suitable for cutaneous application. In vivo results demonstrated that the topical formulation of AAMVPC gel containing hesperetin at a concentration of 10% protected the skin from damage induced by UVA-UVB radiation, with the absence of erythema, lipid lipoperoxidation, and inflammation (low myeloperoxidase activity), and increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. The morphology and architecture of the dermo-epidermal tissue of these animals were like those observed under normal conditions (non-irradiated animals). Thus, the results showed that hesperetin was able to protect the animals' skin against UV radiation-induced skin damage and the protection mechanisms may be related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of this natural product.
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Peroxidase , Raios Ultravioleta , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Catalase , Hesperidina , Hidrogéis/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Peroxidase/farmacologia , Ratos , Pele/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/farmacologia , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Inflammatory arthritis is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory disease worldwide. The pathology of the disease is characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress, which leads to chronic pain and functional loss in the joints. Conventional anti-arthritic drugs used to relieve pain and other arthritic symptoms often cause severe side effects. α-bisabolol (BIS) is a sesquiterpene that exhibits high anti-inflammatory potential and a significant antinociceptive effect. This study evaluates the anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic effects of BIS alone and in a ß-cyclodextrin (ßCD/BIS) inclusion complex in a CFA-induced arthritis model. Following the intra-articular administration of CFA, male mice were treated with vehicle, BIS and ßCD/BIS (50 mg/kg, p.o.) or a positive control and pain-related behaviors, knee edema and inflammatory and oxidative parameters were evaluated on days 4, 11, 18 and/or 25. Ours findings shows that the oral administration of BIS and ßCD/BIS significantly attenuated spontaneous pain-like behaviors, mechanical hyperalgesia, grip strength deficit and knee edema induced by repeated injections of CFA, reducing the joint pain and functional disability associated with arthritis. BIS and ßCD/BIS also inhibited the generation of inflammatory and oxidative markers in the knee and blocked MAPK in the spinal cord. In addition, ours results also showed that the incorporation of BIS in cyclodextrin as a drug delivery system improved the pharmacological profile of this substance. Therefore, these results contribute to the pharmacological knowledge of BIS and demonstrated that this terpene appears to be able to mitigate deleterious symptoms of arthritis.
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Artrite Experimental , Artrite , Dor Crônica , beta-Ciclodextrinas , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Artrite/induzido quimicamente , Artrite/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Experimental/induzido quimicamente , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Interleucina-6 , Masculino , Camundongos , Sesquiterpenos Monocíclicos , beta-Ciclodextrinas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Basaloid squamous-cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) consisting of atypical squamous and basaloid cells. It is an aggressive lesion that most commonly affects the oropharynx, being rare in intraoral sites. In this paper, we report the case of a male patient, 42 years old, smoker and chronic drinker, presenting a vegetating and ulcerated leukoerythroplastic lesion, asymptomatic, with five months of evolution, located on the floor of the mouth. Bilateral infarction of the submandibular lymph nodes was observed. Having established the presumptive diagnosis of SCC, an incisional biopsy was performed, which revealed a proliferation of nests and trabeculae of atypical basaloid and squamous cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for AE1/AE3, CK 5, CK 14, p63 and Ki67 (>80%), but negativity for CK7, S-100 and α-SMA. The diagnosis was BSCC. The patient was referred to a head and neck surgery and oncology service for definitive treatment, but died five months after diagnosis. BSCC is a clinicopathological entity whose diagnosis can be challenging. Its aggressive clinical behavior reiterates the relevance of the correct diagnosis for instituting the appropriate treatment. Thus, it is intended, in this work, to discuss the histopathological criteria for differential diagnosis of BSCC, aiming to contribute to its better knowledge and, perhaps, understanding.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnósticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report a rare case of intraoral extensive blue nevus in an elder patient. BACKGROUND: Oral blue nevi is a well-recognised skin melanocytic neoplasm that rarely occurs in the oral cavity and may mimic melanoma in the early stages. METHODS: An incisional biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis was blue nevus. CONCLUSION: Both the clinician and pathologist must be aware of such a presentation to diagnose and treat appropriately.
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Melanoma , Neoplasias Bucais , Nevo Azul , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Idoso , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Nevo Azul/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnósticoRESUMO
The pathophysiological process of the disease, Covid-19, is mediated by innate immunity, with the presence of macrophages responsible for secreting type 1 and 6 interleukins (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) leading to dilation of endothelial cells with a consequent increase in capillary permeability. The treatment of this disease has been much discussed, but the variability in the clinical picture, the difficulties for diagnosis and treatment, especially of those patients who have the most severe clinical condition of the disease. Immunization is an effective tool for controlling the spread and overload of health services, but its effectiveness involves high investments in the acquisition of inputs, development of vaccines, and logistics of storage and distribution. These factors can be obstacles for countries with lower economic, technological, and infrastructure indexes. Reflecting on these difficulties, we raised the possibility of adjuvant therapies with imminent research feasibility, as is the case with the use of carvacrol, a monoterpenic phenol whose has biological properties that serve as a barrier to processes mediated by free radicals, such as irritation and inflammation, due to its antioxidant action. Many authors highlighted the activity of carvacrol as a potent suppressor of COX-2 expression minimizing the acute inflammatory process, decreasing the release of some pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1ß, TNF-α, PGE2. Anyway, the benefits of carvacrol are numerous and the therapeutic possibilities too. With this description, the question arises: would carvacrol be a supporting treatment option, effective in minimizing the deleterious effects of Covid-19? There is still a lot to discover and research.
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Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , COVID-19/metabolismo , Cimenos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , COVID-19/imunologia , Cimenos/farmacologia , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/imunologia , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/metabolismo , Humanos , Mediadores da Inflamação/antagonistas & inibidores , Mediadores da Inflamação/imunologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismoRESUMO
The malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare, aggressive malignant tumor that usually develops in the context of neurofibromatosis type 1. In the oral cavity, these tumors are excelling rare, especially in intraosseous sites. Herein, we report an unusual presentation of intraosseous MPNST affecting the mandible posterior region in a 28-year-old male without neurofibromatosis type 1 discovered as an incidental find on imaging exam. CT scan evaluation showed a solitary, well-defined, round hypodense lesion in the posterior mandibular region extending from tooth 45 to 46. Microscopic evaluation showed a tumor composed of atypical spindle-shaped cells arranged in fascicles and a storiform pattern. Tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), HMB-45, MART-1, MUC4, and CD56 were negative. The diagnosis was low-grade MPNST. The patient underwent wide surgical resection of the tumor. After three years of follow-up, the patient remained with no evidence of recurrence or metastatic disease. When an intraosseous neurogenic tumor is suspected based on radiological characteristics, despite the apparent benign nature, an incisional biopsy is mandatory to rule out malignancy before treatment planning to avoid inadequate conservative treatment.
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Neoplasias de Bainha Neural , Neurofibrossarcoma , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula , Neoplasias de Bainha Neural/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias de Bainha Neural/cirurgia , Neurofibromatose 1 , Neurofibrossarcoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neurofibrossarcoma/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare benign condition of unknown etiology, considered the oral counterpart of cutaneous focal mucinosis. We report the clinicopathologic features of 21 cases of OFM in conjunction with a review of the literature. METHODS: Clinical data were collected from the records of five oral and maxillofacial pathology services. All cases were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry (vimentin, S-100, α-SMA, CD34, and mast cell). RESULTS: The series comprised 14 females (66.7%) and seven males (33.3%), with a mean age of 48.2 ± 20.7 years (range: 8-77 years) and a 2:1 female-to-male ratio. Most of the lesions affected the gingiva (n = 6, 28.6%) and presented clinically as asymptomatic sessile or pedunculated nodules with fibrous or hyperplasic appearance. All cases were negative for S-100 protein, CD34, and α-SMA and positive for Alcian blue staining. Conservative surgical excision was the treatment in all cases, and there was only one recurrence. CONCLUSION: OFM is a rare benign disorder that is often clinically misdiagnosed as reactive lesions or benign proliferative processes. Dermatologists and pathologists should consider OFM in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, mainly located in the gingiva.
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Boca/patologia , Mucinoses/diagnóstico , Mucinoses/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/patologia , Actinas/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Azul Alciano , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Conscientização , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Dermatologistas , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Erros de Diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucinoses/etiologia , Mucinoses/metabolismo , Patologistas , Fotomicrografia/métodos , Recidiva , Proteínas S100/metabolismo , Coloração e Rotulagem/métodosRESUMO
Myofibroma (MF) is a benign mesenchymal myofibroblast-derived tumor, which occurs most frequently in children, and rarely affects the maxilla. We reported a case of an aggressive intraosseous lesion found in the maxilla of a 9-year-old female child. Intraorally, the swelling extended from tooth 12 to 16, causing displacement of teeth 13, 14, and 15. Computed tomography revealed a large osteolytic lesion causing thinning and cortical erosion. Microscopically, the lesion showed a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells, with elongated nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm, arranged in interlaced fascicles. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed cytoplasmic positivity for α-SMA and HHF-35, and negativity for desmin, laminin, S-100, ß-catenin, and CD34. Ki-67 was positive in 8% of tumor cells. The diagnosis was MF. Herein, we describe an additional case of central MF arising in the maxilla, including clinical, imaging, microscopical, and immunohistochemical features, as well as a review of the literature.
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Neoplasias Maxilares/patologia , Miofibroma/patologia , Criança , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease with progressive degradation of cartilage and joints. Additionally, gastric ulcer affects many patients who make prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs widely used in the symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Nerolidol, a natural sesquiterpene, has several biological activities including anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic action. This study aims to develop and characterize a nerolidol ß-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and to evaluate its activity in an experimental arthritis model. Inclusion complex was prepared by the lyophilization method and characterized by NMR, term analysis, XRD and SEM. Neutrophil migration assays and histopathological analysis were performed on zymosan-induced arthritis model using Swiss mice. And the gastroprotective effect was evaluated in two models of gastric ulcers: induced by ethanol and indomethacin. Inclusion complex showed no cytotoxicity and free nerolidol at a dose of 100 mg/kg (p.o.) in the arthritis model reduced neutrophil migration in 56% in relation to vehicle, and this inhibition was more expressive in the inclusion complex (67%) at the same dose. Histopathological analysis of the joint tissue confirmed the reduction of inflammatory signs. In the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model, free nerolidol reduced the relative ulcer area more expressively (4.64%) than the inclusion complex (21.3%). However, in the indomethacin induction model, the inclusion complex showed better results in gastric protection compared to free nerolidol. The action of nerolidol complexed in beta-cyclodextrin in reducing arthritis inflammation combined with its gastroprotective action make it a potential new drug.
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Artrite/tratamento farmacológico , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , beta-Ciclodextrinas/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Indometacina/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Estômago/patologia , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sialolipoma is a rare histological variant of lipoma commonly misdiagnosed and composed of a proliferation of mature adipocytes with secondary entrapment of normal salivary gland tissue. The purpose of the present study is to report the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 10 new cases of sialolipomas in conjunction with a review of the literature. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 54,190 biopsy records of oral and maxillofacial lesions from four oral and maxillofacial pathology services in Brazil were analysed. All cases of lipomas were reviewed, and clinical, demographic and histopathological data were collected of all cases compatible with sialolipomas. In addition, immunohistochemistry stains (AE1/AE3, CK7, 34ßE12, S-100, HHF35, α-SMA and Ki-67) and a literature review based on a search of three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) were performed. RESULTS: Among all lipomas reviewed, there were 10 cases of sialolipomas. The series comprised of 7 females (70.0%) and 3 males (30.0%), with a mean age of 46.1 ± 21.5 years (range: 11-71 years) and a 2.3:1 female-to-male ratio. The lower lip (n = 3, 30.0%) and tongue (n = 2, 20.0%) were the most common locations, presenting clinically as a nodule of slow growth and normal colour. Conservative surgical excision was the treatment in all cases. No recurrence was observed. CONCLUSION: Sialolipomas are a rare histological variant of lipoma, affecting the salivary glands, mainly in the parotid gland and palate of female adults. Pathologists must recognise sialolipomas to avoid misdiagnoses with other lipomatous tumours that can affect salivary glands.
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Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares , Glândulas Salivares Menores , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Evidence that otoliths, mineral-rich limestone concrescences present in the inner ear of bone fishes, can accelerate bone formation in vivo has been previously reported. The goal of this work was the development, characterization, and evaluation of the cytocompatibility of otoliths-incorporated sodium alginate and gelatin scaffolds. Cynoscion acoupa-derived otoliths were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FRX), particle size, free lime, and weight loss by calcination. Furthermore, otoliths were incorporated into sodium alginate (ALG/OTL-s) or gelatin (GEL/OTL-s) scaffolds, previously developed by freeze-drying. Then, the scaffolds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), swelling tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cytotoxicity assays were run against J774.G8 macrophages and MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Data obtained from TGA/DTG, DSC, and FTIR analyses confirmed the interaction between otoliths and the polymeric scaffolds. SEM showed the homogeneous porous 3D structure rich in otolith micro-fragments in both scaffolds. Swelling of the GEL/OTL-s (63.54 ± 3.0%) was greater than of ALG/OTL-s (13.36 ± 9.9%) (p < 0.001). The viability of J774.G8 macrophages treated with both scaffolds was statistically similar to the group treated with DMEM only (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than that treated with Triton-X (p < 0.01) at 72 h. Both scaffolds showed approximately 100% growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts by 24 h, similarly to control (p > 0.05). However, by 48 h, only ALG/OTL-s showed growth similar to control (p > 0.05), whereas GEL/OTL showed a significantly lower growth index (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the physicochemical profiles suggest proper interaction between the otoliths and the two developed polymeric 3D scaffolds. Moreover, both materials showed cytocompatibility with J774.G8 macrophages but the growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts was higher when exposed to ALG/OTL-s. These data suggest that sodium alginate/otoliths scaffolds are potential biomaterials to be used in bone regeneration applications. Graphical abstract.
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Alginatos , Regeneração Óssea , Gelatina , Alicerces Teciduais , Células 3T3 , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Camundongos , Membrana dos Otólitos , Porosidade , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Engenharia TecidualRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in an elderly patient mimicking a non-neoplastic proliferative lesion. BACKGROUND: Oral SCC is a well-recognised malignancy of the oral cavity that may mimic benign reactive proliferative processes. METHODS: An excisional biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis was gingival SCC. CONCLUSION: It is essential that both the clinician and pathologist to be aware of such a presentation to allow for proper diagnosis and treatment.