[The intraabdominal pressure rising as a risk factor of posttraumatic pancreatitis occurrence].

The results of experimental investigation, conducted on white Wistar rats, are adduced. The influence of intraabdominal pressure change on pancreatic parenchyma were studied in the animals. The data obtained witness the unfavourable influence of the raised intraabdominal pressure on pancreatic gland, manifesting by an acute pancreatitis occurrence.

[The diagnosis and treatment of a malignant stomach ulcer]. / Diagnostika i lechenie malignizirovannoi iazvy zheludka.

The results of treatment have been analyzed in 587 patients with stomach ulcer in 52 of whom ulcer was found to be malign. Methods of diagnosing of ulcer malignization are not reliable. Difficulties in differential histodiagnosis, absence of trustworthy diagnostic tests as well as advisability of additional mucus assays are underlined. The results of treatment depend on extension of the process and efficiency of the operation performed. In patients radically operated on for the process limited to gastric mucosa 5-year survival was 84.6%.

[The surgical treatment of malignant stomach ulcers]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie malignizirovannykh iazv zheludka.

The authors analyse the specific features of the clinical picture, diagnosis, pathomorphological changes and surgical treatment in 52 patients with gastric ulcer which underwent malignant degeneration. It is noted that malignancy occurs most frequently in close vicinity to the ulcerative defect and rarely in the mucosa beyond the ulcer. The morphostructural reorganizations are determined to a certain degree by the peculiarities of extension of the tumor along the mucosa and the organ as a whole. The authors discuss the principles of the choice of the method for treatment according to the findings of pathomorphological examination of biopsy material and the results of emergency intraoperative examination. Even if the merest suspicion of malignancy of the ulcer arises, the operation should be conducted with observance of all oncological principles. Postoperative mortality was 3.8%, complications occurred in 7.7% of cases. Five-year survival was 84.6% in the absence of metastases and the presence of carcinoma cells within the limits of the mucosa and 12.5% among cases in which metastases were found during the operation. Attention is drawn to the principles of regular medical surveillance over patients receiving nonoperative treatment for gastric ulcer.

[Morphometric assessment of chronic gastritis in peptic ulcer and stomach cancer]. / Morfometricheskaia otsenka khronicheskogo gastrita pri iazvennoi bolezni i rake zheludka.

The authors propose a new method of morphometric evaluation of the gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis. Five morphometric criteria are the basis for differential diagnosis of chronic gastritis. Results are analyzed of examination of 192 histological specimens from the gastric lesser curvature in ulcer and cancer of the stomach. The nonspecificity is shown of chronic gastritis of the lesser gastric curvature in the mentioned diseases.

[Treatment of complicated giant duodenal ulcers]. / Lechenie oslozhnennykh gigantskikh iazv dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

Examined were 305 patients with complicated duodenal ulcer disease, in 28--the giant ulcers were revealed. The operative treatment of such patients should be early and aimed at preservation, or restoration of the pyloric sphincter function. This permits to achieve good functional results.

[State of the gastric mucosa at remote periods after stomach resection and organ-sparing operations in duodenal ulcer]. / Sostoianie slizistoi obolochki zheludka v otdalennye sroki posle ego rezektsii i organosokhraniaiushchikh operatsii po povodu iazvennoi bolezni dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

Under analysis were results of examination of the morpho-functional state of gastric mucosa in late periods (5--12 years) after resection of the stomach in 109 patients and after selective proximal vagotomy (SPV) in 32 patients. The possibilities for the development of gastric cancer after SPV were not considered.