Melatonin Derivative-Conjugated Formulations of Pd(II) and Pt(II) Thiazoline Complexes on Mesoporous Silica to Enhance Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis against HeLa Cells.

The search for alternatives to cisplatin has led to the development of new metal complexes where thiazoline derivatives based on platinum(II) and palladium(II) stand out. In this sense, the Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes coordinated with the thiazoline derivative ligand 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)imino-N-(2-thiazolin-2-yl)thiazolidine (TdTn), with formula [PtCl2(TdTn)] and [PdCl2(TdTn)], have previously shown good results against several cancer lines; however, in this work, we have managed to improve their activity by supporting them on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). The incorporation of metal compounds with a melatonin derivative (5-methoxytryptamine, 5MT), which is a well-known antioxidant and apoptosis inducer in different types of cancer, has been able to increase the cytotoxic activity of both MSN-supported and isolated complexes with only a very low amount (0.35% w/w) of this antioxidant. The covalently functionalized systems that have been synthesized are able to increase selectivity as well as accumulation in HeLa cells. The final materials containing the metal complexes and 5MT (MSN-5MT-PtTdTn and MSN-5MT-PdTdTn) required up to nine times less metal to achieve the same cytotoxic activity than their corresponding non-formulated counterparts did, thus reducing the potential side effects caused by the use of the free metal complexes.

SARAF overexpression impairs thrombin-induced Ca2+ homeostasis in neonatal platelets.

Neonatal platelets present a reduced response to the platelet agonist, thrombin (Thr), thus resulting in a deficient Thr-induced aggregation. These alterations are more pronounced in premature newborns. Here, our aim was to uncover the causes underneath the impaired Ca2+ homeostasis described in neonatal platelets. Both Ca2+ mobilization and Ca2+ influx in response to Thr are decreased in neonatal platelets compared to maternal and control woman platelets. In neonatal platelets, we observed impaired Ca2+ mobilization in response to the PAR-1 agonist (SFLLRN) or by blocking SERCA3 function with tert-butylhydroquinone. Regarding SOCE, the STIM1 regulatory protein, SARAF, was found overexpressed in neonatal platelets, promoting an increase in STIM1/SARAF interaction even under resting conditions. Additionally, higher interaction between SARAF and PDCD61/ALG2 was also observed, reducing SARAF ubiquitination and prolonging its half-life. These results were reproduced by overexpressing SARAF in MEG01 and DAMI cells. Finally, we also observed that pannexin 1 permeability is enhanced in response to Thr in control woman and maternal platelets, but not in neonatal platelets, hence, leading to the deregulation of the Ca2+ entry found in neonatal platelets. Summarizing, we show that in neonatal platelets both Ca2+ accumulation in the intracellular stores and Thr-evoked Ca2+ entry through either capacitative channels or non-selective channels are altered in neonatal platelets, contributing to deregulated Ca2+ homeostasis in neonatal platelets and leading to the altered aggregation observed in these subjects.

Identification of a HIV-1 circulating BF1 recombinant form (CRF75_BF1) of Brazilian origin that also circulates in Southwestern Europe.

Introduction: The high recombinogenic potential of HIV-1 has resulted in the generation of countless unique recombinant forms (URFs) and around 120 reported circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). Here we identify through analyses of near full-length genomes (NFLG) a new HIV-1 CRF derived from subtypes B and F1. Methods: HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase (Pr-RT) sequences were obtained by RT-PCR amplification from plasma RNA. Near full-length genome sequences were obtained after amplification by RT-PCR in 5 overlapping fragments. Phylogenetic sequence analyses were performed via maximum likelihood. Mosaic structures were analyzed by bootscanning and phylogenetic analyses of genome segments. Temporal and geographical estimations of clade emergence were performed with a Bayesian coalescent method. Results: Through phylogenetic analyses of HIV-1 Pr-RT sequences obtained by us from samples collected in Spain and downloaded from databases, we identified a BF1 recombinant cluster segregating from previously reported CRFs comprising 52 viruses, most from Brazil (n = 26), Spain (n = 11), and Italy (n = 9). The analyses of NFLG genomes of 4 viruses of the cluster, 2 from Spain and 2 from Italy, allowed to identify a new CRF, designated CRF75_BF1, which exhibits a complex mosaic structure with 20 breakpoints. All 4 patients harboring CRF75_BF1 viruses studied by us had CD4+ T-cell lymphocyte counts below 220/mm3 less than one year after diagnosis, a proportion significantly higher (p = 0.0074) than the 29% found in other patients studied in Spain by us during the same period. The origin of the clade comprising CRF75_BF1 and related viruses was estimated around 1984 in Brazil, with subsequent introduction of CRF75_BF1 in Italy around 1992, and migration from Italy to Spain around 1999. Conclusion: A new HIV-1 CRF, designated CRF75_BF1, has been identified. CRF75_BF1 is the 6th CRF of South American origin initially identified in Western Europe, reflecting the increasing relationship of South American and European HIV-1 epidemics. The finding of low CD4+ T-cell lymphocyte counts early after diagnosis in patients harboring CRF75_BF1 viruses warrants further investigation on the virulence of this variant.

Analysis of the role of motivating operations in the therapeutic verbal interaction / Análisis del rol de las operaciones motivadoras en la interacción verbal terapéutica

El concepto de operación motivadora (OM) ayuda a suplir los problemas de la noción tradicional de motivación en el estudio del proceso terapéutico. En este trabajo, se analizó el rol de tres tipos de verbalizaciones del terapeuta con una función de OM y se comprobó su relación con el comportamiento verbal de los clientes. Para tal propósito, se observaron grabaciones de 40 sesiones de terapia pertenecientes a 9 casos diferentes. El Sistema ACOVEO fue el sistema de categorías empleado para identificar las categorías OM con información clínica, OM con consecuencias y OM con emparejamiento. El SISC-CVC fue aquel utilizado para identificar las verbalizaciones de las clientes codificadas como Acuerdo y Desacuerdo. Se llevaron a cabo análisis secuenciales para comprobar la relación entre las diferentes OMs entre ellas y con el acuerdo del cliente. Los resultados mostraron que las diferentes OMs fueron emitidas en bloque y que cuando la categoría OM con información clínica se emitía con OM con consecuencias o con OM con emparejamiento se encontraba una mayor asociación con la categoría de Acuerdo (r = 2.47; r = 1.86) que con la de Desacuerdo (r = -.53; r = -.36). Estos resultados destacan la importancia de la emisión de OMs que asocian de manera directa el comportamiento del cliente con eventos con un componente elicitador, ofreciendo estrategias más eficaces para los terapeutas.(AU)

The concept of motivating operation(MO) helps to overcome both theoretical and practical problems of the traditional notion of motivation in the study of the therapeutic process. In this research, the role of three types of therapists’ verbalizations with an MO functionwas analyzed, in addition to their association with clients’ verbal behavior. For this purpose, recordings of 40 clinical sessions belonging to 9 different cases were ob-served. The ACOVEO System was the observational category system used to identify the therapists’ verbal MOs coded as MO with clinical information, MO with consequences, andMO with pairings. The SISC-CVC was the one used to identify clients’ verbalizations coded as Agreementand Disagreement. Se-quential analyses were performed to test the relation between the three dif-ferent types of MOs with themselves, as well as with clients’ concurrence. Results showed that the different MOs were emitted in chunks and when MO with clinical information was uttered either with MO with consequences or MO with pairingsthere was a greater association with Agreement(r = 2.47; r = 1.86) rather than with Disagreement (r = -.53;r = -.36). These findings high-light the importance of the emission of MOs that associate directly events with an eliciting component with clients’ behavior, giving more efficacious strategies to the therapists.(AU)

West Nile virus emergence in humans in Extremadura, Spain 2020.

In Spain, the largest human West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak among humans was reported in 2020, constituting the second most important outbreak in Europe that season. Extremadura (southwestern Spain) was one of the affected areas, reporting six human cases. The first autochthonous human case in Spain was reported in Extremadura in 2004, and no other human cases were reported until 2020. In this work, we describe the first WNV human outbreak registered in Extremadura, focusing on the most important clinical aspects, diagnostic results, and control actions which followed. In 2020, from September to October, human WNV infections were diagnosed using a combination of molecular and serological methods (an in-house specific qRT-PCR and a commercial ELISA for anti-WNV IgM and IgG antibodies) and by analysing serum, urine, and/or cerebrospinal fluid samples. Serological positive serum samples were further tested using commercial kits against related flaviviruses Usutu and Tick-borne encephalitis in order to analyse serological reactivity and to confirm the results by neutralisation assays. In total, six cases of WNV infection (five with neuroinvasive disease and one with fever) were identified. Clinical presentation and laboratory findings are described. No viral RNA was detected in any of the analysed samples, but serological cross-reactivity was detected against the other tested flaviviruses. Molecular and serological methods for WNV detection in various samples as well as differential diagnosis are recommended. The largest number of human cases of WNV infection ever registered in Extremadura, Spain, occurred in 2020 in areas where circulation of WNV and other flaviviruses has been previously reported in humans and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance surveillance not only for the early detection and implementation of response measures for WNV but also for other emerging flaviviruses that could be endemic in this area.

CAPN1 (Calpain1)-Dependent Cleavage of STIM1 (Stromal Interaction Molecule 1) Results in an Enhanced SOCE (Store-Operated Calcium Entry) in Human Neonatal Platelets.

BACKGROUND: Altered intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in neonatal platelets has been previously reported. This study aims to examine the changes in the Ca2+ entry through the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mechanism in neonatal platelets. METHODS: Human platelets from either control women, mothers, and neonates were isolated and, following, were fixed after being treated as required. Platelet samples were analyzed by Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and MALDITOF/TOF. Ca2+ homeostasis was also determined. Culture cells were used as surrogated of platelets to overexpress the proteins of interest to reproduce the alterations observed in platelets. RESULTS: Altered TG (thapsigargin)-evoked SOCE, alternative molecular weight form of STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1; s-STIM1 [short STIM1 isoform (478 aa)], around 60 kDa) and overexpression of SARAF (SOCE-associated regulatory factor) were found in neonatal platelets as compared to maternal and control women platelets. s-STIM1 may result due to CAPN1 (calpain1)-dependent processing, as confirmed in platelets and MEG01 cells by using calpeptin and overexpressing CAPN1, respectively. In HEK293 (STIM1 and STIM2 [stromal interaction molecule 2] double knockout) cells transfected either with c-STIM1 (canonical STIM1 [685 aa]), s-STIM1 (478), STIM1B (540), and CAPN1 overexpression plasmids, we found s-STIM1 and c-STIM1, except in cells overexpressing s-STIM1 (478) that lacked CAPN1 target residues. These results and the in silico analysis, lead us to conclude that STIM1 is cleaved at Q496 by CAPN1. Ca2+ imaging analysis and coimmunoprecipitation assay using MEG01 and HEK293 cells overexpressing SARAF together with s-STIM1 (478) reported a reduced slow Ca2+-dependent inactivation, so reproducing the Ca2+-homeostasis pattern observed in neonatal platelets. CONCLUSIONS: CAPN1 may cleave STIM1 in neonatal platelets, hence, impairing SARAF coupling after SOCE activation. s-STIM1 may avoid slow Ca2+-dependent inactivation and, subsequently, results in an enhanced TG-evoked SOCE as observed in neonatal platelets.

Cytotoxic Effects of New Palladium(II) Complexes with Thiazine or Thiazoline Derivative Ligands in Tumor Cell Lines.

The synthesis of analogs of cisplatin, which is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, using other metal centers could be an alternative for cancer treatment. Pd(II) could be a substitute for Pt(II) due to its coordination chemistry similarity. For that reason, six squared-planar Pd(II) complexes with thiazine and thiazoline ligands and formula [PdCl2(L)] were synthesized and characterized in this work. The potential anticarcinogenic ability of the compounds was studied via cytotoxicity assay in three different human tumor cell lines, i.e., epithelial cervix carcinoma (HeLa), promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60), and histiocytic lymphoma (U-937). Data obtained showed that complexes with methyl substitutions did not modify cell viability, while no-methyl substituted compounds had a moderate cytotoxic effect on all three cell lines. The complexes with phenyl substitutions displayed the lowest IC50 values, which ranged between 46.39 ± 3.99 µM and 62.74 ± 6.45 µM. Moreover, Pd accumulation inside the cell was observed after incubation with any of the four complexes mentioned, and the two complexes with phenyl rings were found to induce an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells. These results suggested that the presence of bulky substitutions on the ligands such as phenyl groups may influence the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agents synthesized.

Perinatal mental e-health: What is the profile of pregnant women interested in online assessment of their emotional state?

AIM: This study explores the profile of pregnant women interested in the online assessment of their emotional status according to their sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, history of psychopathology, and healthcare setting used (private vs. public). DESIGN: This is a comparative and descriptive cross-sectional study. METHOD: Participants were 281 Spanish pregnant women assessed with the MamáFeliz (HappyMom) website. RESULTS: Participants were probably to be unemployed, in a relationship, and generally had a high educational level and an intermediate economic status. Most of them were primiparous, had non-complicated natural pregnancies and presented healthy habits and good physical and emotional health, despite 31.3% of them had a history of psychological treatment. Our results reveal the profile of women interested in the online assessment of their emotional status, which can contribute to improving future initiatives to facilitate rapid screenings of perinatal mental health by nurses in both public and private settings.

Factors associated with HIV-1 resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors in Spain: Implications for dolutegravir-containing regimens.

Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-containing regimens in HIV-1-infected patients have experienced a global increase. Recently, WHO has emphasized the need to fast-track the transition to dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral (ARV) treatments. However, continued surveillance of INSTI resistance is recommended. In this study, clinical, epidemiological, and virological features associated with INSTI resistance diagnosed in Spain were analyzed. Samples collected between 2008 and 2021 from HIV-1-infected patients were analyzed in integrase, protease, and reverse transcriptase using Sanger population sequencing. ARV drug resistance was evaluated with the Stanford University HIVdb program. Among 2,696 patients, 174 (6.5%) had INSTI resistance, all of them to first-generation INSTIs, and 71 (2.6%) had also resistance to second-generation INSTIs. Of these, only 5 individuals were exposed to DTG as the only INSTI, in whom resistance development was associated with poor treatment adherence and/or resistance to other ARV classes. Of newly HIV-1-diagnosed individuals, 0.92% harbored INSTI-resistant viruses, with low prevalences maintained along time, and only one had low-level resistance to DTG. Persons who inject drugs, age over 39 years, resistance to other ARV classes, and longer time from diagnosis were associated with INSTI resistance (p < 0.001). Non-subtype B INSTI-resistant viruses lacked the Q148H + G140S resistance pathway and showed lower INSTI resistance levels than subtype B viruses. In conclusion, INSTI resistance is uncommon and associated with long-term infections, older age and additional resistance to other ARV drug classes, and is rare in newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections. Our results also support the preferential use of DTG-containing regimens in first-line treatments, although surveillance of INSTI resistance is encouraged.

Using a robotic exoskeleton at home: An activity tolerance case study of a child with spinal muscular atrophy.

PURPOSE: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Type II is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to progressive muscle weakness. It prevents children from walking and affects their respiratory function and their activity tolerance, among other health problems. We aimed to assess the activity tolerance showed by a child with SMA using a pediatric gait exoskeleton at home when walking and performing activities. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study presents the case of a 6-year-old boy with SMA Type II and respiratory failure who used a pediatric gait exoskeleton at home for a period of two months. A nursing assessment was done before and during the use of the device to evaluate the child's activity tolerance during the sessions. Nursing interviews, performance, vital signs, fatigue, field notes, and functional scales were analyzed. RESULTS: The nursing assessment showed a good activity tolerance of the child. Performance using the device improved over time; vital signs did not vary significantly during the sessions; fatigue perception decreased over time; and the child reached a higher score on some functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: A first step has been taken to evaluate the impact of exoskeleton technology in children with SMA Type II from the nursing point of view, exposing the potential of this technology for the care of children with neuromuscular diseases, and the need for more research on the topic. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The information in this study will be useful to nurses to know the effects of gait exoskeletons in pediatric care of children with neuromuscular diseases like SMA.

Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-Migration Properties of a Thiazoline-Containing Platinum(II) Complex in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells: The Role of Melatonin as a Synergistic Agent.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer insensitive to hormonal and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies and has a poor prognosis. Therefore, there is a need for the development of convenient anticancer strategies for the management of TNBC. In this paper, we evaluate the antitumoral potential of a platinum(II) complex coordinated with the ligand 2-(3,5-diphenylpyrazol-1-yl)-2-thiazoline (DPhPzTn), hereafter PtDPhPzTn, against the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231, and compared its effect with both cisplatin and its less lipophilic counterpart PtPzTn, the latter containing the ligand 2-(pyrazol-1-yl)-2-thiazoline (PzTn). Then, the putative potentiating actions of melatonin, a naturally occurring antioxidant with renowned antitumor properties, on the tumor-killing ability of PtDPhPzTn were also checked in TNBC cells. Our results show that PtDPhPzTn presented enhanced cytotoxicity compared to both the classical drug cisplatin and PtPzTn. In addition, PtDPhPzTn was able to induce apoptosis, being more selective for MDA-MB-231 cells when compared to non-tumor breast epithelial MCF10A cells. Likewise, PtDPhPzTn produced moderate S phase arrest and greatly impaired the migration ability of MDA-MB-231 cells. Most importantly, the co-stimulation of TNBC cells with PtDPhPzTn and melatonin substantially enhanced apoptosis and markedly improved the anti-migratory action compared to PtDPhPzTn alone. Altogether, our findings provide evidence that PtDPhPzTn and melatonin could be potentially applied to breast cancer treatment as powerful synergistic agents.

Viruses Previously Identified in Brazil as Belonging to HIV-1 CRF72_BF1 Represent Two Closely Related Circulating Recombinant Forms, One of Which, Designated CRF122_BF1, Is Also Circulating in Spain.

Circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) are important components of the HIV-1 pandemic. Those derived from recombination between subtype B and subsubtype F1, with 18 reported, most of them of South American origin, are among the most diverse. In this study, we identified a HIV-1 BF1 recombinant cluster that is expanding in Spain, transmitted mainly via heterosexual contact, which, analyzed in near full-length genomes in four viruses, exhibited a coincident BF1 mosaic structure, with 12 breakpoints, that fully coincided with that of two viruses (10BR_MG003 and 10BR_MG005) from Brazil, previously classified as CRF72_BF1. The three remaining Brazilian viruses (10BR_MG002, 10BR_MG004, and 10BR_MG008) previously identified as CRF72_BF1 exhibited mosaic structures highly similar, but not identical, to that of the Spanish viruses and to 10BR_MG003 and 10BR_MG005, with discrepant subtypes in two short genome segments, located in pol and gp120env. Based on these results, we propose that the five viruses from Brazil previously identified as CRF72_BF1 actually belong to two closely related CRFs, one comprising 10BR_MG002, 10BR_MG004, and 10BR_MG008, which keep their CRF72_BF1 designation, and the other, designated CRF122_BF1, comprising 10BR_MG003, 10BR_MG005, and the viruses of the identified Spanish cluster. Three other BF1 recombinant genomes, two from Brazil and one from Italy, previously identified as unique recombinant forms, were classified as CRF72_BF1. CRF122_BF1, but not CRF72_BF1, was associated with protease L89M substitution, which was reported to contribute to antiretroviral drug resistance. Phylodynamic analyses estimate the emergence of CRF122_BF1 in Brazil around 1987. Given their close phylogenetic relationship and similar structures, the grouping of CRF72_BF1 and CRF122_BF1 in a CRF family is proposed.

The Origin, Epidemiology, and Phylodynamics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 CRF47_BF.

CRF47_BF is a circulating recombinant form (CRF) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the etiological agent of AIDS. CRF47_BF represents one of 19 CRFx_BFs and has a geographic focus in Spain, where it was first identified in 2010. Since its discovery, CRF47_BF has expanded considerably in Spain, predominantly through heterosexual contact (∼56% of the infections). Little is known, however, about the origin and diversity of this CRF or its epidemiological correlates, as very few samples have been available so far. This study conducts a phylogenetic analysis with representatives of all CRFx_BF sequence types along with HIV-1 M Group subtypes to validate that the CRF47_BF sequences share a unique evolutionary history. The CRFx_BF sequences cluster into a single, not well supported, clade that includes their dominant parent subtypes (B and F). This clade also includes subtype D and excludes sub-subtype F2. However, the CRF47_BF sequences all share a most recent common ancestor. Further analysis of this clade couples CRF47_BF protease-reverse transcriptase sequences and epidemiological data from an additional 87 samples collected throughout Spain, as well as additional CRF47_BF database sequences from Brazil and Spain to investigate the origin and phylodynamics of CRF47_BF. The Spanish region with the highest proportion of CRF47_BF samples in the data set was the Basque Country (43.7%) with Navarre next highest at 19.5%. We include in our analysis epidemiological data on host sex, mode of transmission, time of collection, and geographic region. The phylodynamic analysis indicates that CRF47_BF originated in Brazil around 1999-2000 and spread to Spain from Brazil in 2002-2003. The virus spread rapidly throughout Spain with an increase in population size from 2011 to 2015 and leveling off more recently. Three strongly supported clusters associated with Spanish regions (Basque Country, Navarre, and Aragon), together comprising 60.8% of the Spanish samples, were identified, one of which was also associated with transmission among men who have sex with men. The expansion in Spain of CRF47_BF, together with that of other CRFs and subtype variants of South American origin, previously reported, reflects the increasing relationship between the South American and European HIV-1 epidemics.

Transmission Clusters, Predominantly Associated With Men Who Have Sex With Men, Play a Main Role in the Propagation of HIV-1 in Northern Spain (2013-2018).

Viruses of HIV-1-infected individuals whose transmission is related group phylogenetically in transmission clusters (TCs). The study of the phylogenetic relations of these viruses and the factors associated with these individuals is essential to analyze the HIV-1 epidemic. In this study, we examine the role of TCs in the epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in Galicia and the Basque County, two regions of northern Spain. A total of 1,158 HIV-1-infected patients from both regions with new diagnoses (NDs) in 2013-2018 were included in the study. Partial HIV-1 pol sequences were analyzed phylogenetically by approximately maximum-likelihood with FastTree 2. In this analysis, 10,687 additional sequences from samples from HIV-1-infected individuals collected in Spain in 1999-2019 were also included to assign TC membership and to determine TCs' sizes. TCs were defined as those which included viruses from ≥4 individuals, at least 50% of them Spaniards, and with ≥0.95 Shimodaira-Hasegawa-like node support in the phylogenetic tree. Factors associated to TCs were evaluated using odds ratios (OR) and their 95% CI. Fifty-one percent of NDs grouped in 162 TCs. Male patients (OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.5-4.7) and men having sex with men (MSM; OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.2) had higher odds of belonging to a TC compared to female and heterosexual patients, respectively. Individuals from Latin America (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2-0.4), North Africa (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2-1.0), and especially Sub-Saharan Africa (OR: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.003-0.2) were inversely associated to belonging to TCs compared to native Spaniards. Our results show that TCs are important components of the HIV-1 epidemics in the two Spanish regions studied, where transmission between MSM is predominant. The majority of migrants were infected with viruses not belonging to TCs that expand in Spain. Molecular epidemiology is essential to identify local peculiarities of HIV-1 propagation. The early detection of TCs and prevention of their expansion, implementing effective control measures, could reduce HIV-1 infections.

Parental Attachment and Peer Relationships in Adolescence: A Systematic Review.

According to attachment theory, children's early experiences with their primary caregivers, in terms of protection and security, are the basis for socioemotional development and for the establishment of close relationships throughout their lives. During adolescence, friends and peers become a primary developmental environment, and thereby establishing quality bonds with peers will foster good psychological adjustment. The aim of the present study was to review the evidence on the relation of parental attachment to the quality of peer relationships during adolescence. A systematic review was conducted according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search was performed in the PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) databases. Inclusion criteria were studies published since 2001, in English, that are academic publications in scientific journals, that explore adolescence, and that analyze the relationship between attachment styles and adolescent peer interactions. The search resulted in 1438 studies, of which 19 studies met the criteria and were included in the review. The results highlighted that secure attachment predicts and promotes the creation of affective relationships with peers and friends based on communication, support, intimacy, trust, and quality. In addition, some variables, such as gender differences or family characteristics, were found to be involved in attachment and provide a better understanding.

Executive summary of the consensus document of the HIV quality of care indicators. GESIDA updated.

This article aims to review the main information taken into account for the update of the GESIDA PLWH quality indicators. Finally 54 indicators covering a major part of the clinical activity in PLWH were defined. They evaluate the detection and diagnosis of PLWH, their follow-up and prevention, initiation and adaptation of ART, women's specific aspects, comorbidities, hospitalization, and AIDS-related mortality.

Prevention of Emotional Disorders and Symptoms Under Health Conditions: A Pilot Study using the Unified Protocol in a Fertility Unit

Los trastornos emocionales (TE) son frecuentes durante los tratamientos de fertilidad. El Protocolo Unificado (PU) es una intervención transdiagnóstica que ha demostrado su eficacia en la prevención de TE en condiciones médicas. El objetivo de este estudio piloto es:1) mejorar la disregulación emocional para prevenir síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en mujeres en tratamiento de inseminación artificial (IA); 2) evaluar la acepta-bilidad (satisfacción y adherencia). Método: 5 mujeres en tratamiento de IA, sin diagnóstico clínico, respondieron a medidas de estado de ánimo (ansiedad y depresión),afecto,calidad de vida y regulación emocional en el pre-y post-evaluación, y en los seguimientos a los 1, 3 y 6 meses. La adap-tación preventiva del PU se basó en la aplicación de 6 sesiones presenciales grupales de 2 horas de duración. La situación generada por la COVID-19 provocó el cambio al formato online para finalizar el programa. Resultados: las mujeres no desarrollaron TE, no se encontraron diferencias pre-post y pre-seguimientos estadísticamente significativas en ansiedad, depresión, ca-lidad de vida y disregulación emocional (p>.050). Se observa una tenden-cia a la mejoría en la evaluación post-programa. Conclusiones: Parece que programas como el PU, centrado en factores terapéuticos compartidos, ha tenido un efecto emocional preventivo durante IA.(AU)

Emotional Disorders (EDs) are common in women who under-go fertility treatments. The Unified Protocol (UP) is a transdiagnostic in-tervention that has demonstrated efficacy in preventing EDs under differ-ent health conditions. The aim of this pilot study is to: 1) improve emo-tional dysregulation for the prevention of anxiety and depressive symp-toms in women undergoing intrauterine inseminations (IUI); 2) assess their acceptability (e.g., satisfaction and adherence rates). Method: Five women undergoing IUI, with no clinical diagnoses, responded to measures of mood (anxiety and depression), affect, quality of life and emotional dysregulation in the pre-and post-assessments, and at the 1-, 3-and 6-month follow-ups. The UP was adapted to be applied during six face-to-face group sessions lasting 2 h. The COVID-19 pandemic situation im-plied changing to an online format to end the program. Results: The re-sults showed that women did not develop EDs, and no statistically signifi-cant pre-post and pre-follow-up differences werefound for anxiety, de-pression,quality of life and emotional dysregulation (all p>.050). A ten-dency towards improvement in the post-assessment evaluation was noted. Satisfaction with the format and UP program was high. Conclusions: It would seem that programs focusing on therapeutic common factors like the UP could have an emotional preventive effect during IUI.(AU)

Executive summary of the consensus document of the HIV quality of care indicators. GESIDA updated / Resumen ejecutivo del documento actualizado del consenso de los indicadores de Calidad de GESIDA

This article aims to review the main information taken into account for the update of the GESIDA PLWH quality indicators.Finally 54 indicators covering a major part of the clinical activity in PLWH were defined.They evaluate the detection and diagnosis of PLWH, their follow-up and prevention, initiation and adaptation of ART, women's specific aspects, comorbidities, hospitalization, and AIDS-related mortality.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo revisar la principal información que se tuvo en cuenta para la actualización de los indicadores de calidad de PVV de GESIDA.Finalmente, se definieron 54 indicadores que cubren la mayor parte de la actividad clínica en PVV. Los indicadores evalúan la detección y el diagnóstico de los PVV, su seguimiento y prevención, la iniciación y adherencia al TAR, aspectos específicos de la mujer, comorbilidades, hospitalización y mortalidad relacionada con el sida.

Influence of ligand lipophilicity in Pt(II) complexes on their antiproliferative and apoptotic activities in tumour cell lines.

One of the most widely used strategies for drug development is the coordination of bioactive ligands to transition metals, which could improve biological activity. Moreover, the incorporation of aromatic groups to ligands may allow an enhanced lipophilicity that can influence the cellular uptake and accumulation of the metallodrugs, thus increasing their activity. Herein, we have reported the synthesis and characterization of four Pt(II) complexes [PtCl2(L)], where L = 2-(1-pyrazolyl)-2-thiazoline (PzTn), 2-(1-pyrazolyl)-1,3-thiazine (PzTz), 2-(3,5-diphenyl-1-pyrazolyl)-2-thiazoline (DPhPzTn) or 2-(3,5-diphenyl-1-pyrazolyl)-1,3-thiazine (DPhPzTz). The study was aimed at analysing their potential anticarcinogenic ability in epithelial cervix carcinoma HeLa, human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and human histiocytic lymphoma U-937 tumour cell lines as well as checking whether the structural factors of the organic ligand may influence their biological activity. Our findings showed that PtDPhPzTn and PtDPhPzTz were far more effective in terms of cytotoxicity than their less lipophilic counterparts (PtPzTn and PtPzTz), especially in cells derived from solid cervical tumours, thereby suggesting that modulating the lipophilicity of the ligands can help improve the cytotoxic effect of the metal complexes.

ATLAS2030 Pediatric Gait Exoskeleton: Changes on Range of Motion, Strength and Spasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy. A Case Series Study.

Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP), the most common motor disability in childhood, affects individual's motor skills, movement and posture. This results in limited activity and a low social participation. The ATLAS2030 exoskeleton is a pediatric device that enables gait rehabilitation for children with neurological or neuromuscular pathologies with gait pathology. Purpose: To study changes in relation to range of motion (ROM), strength and spasticity in children with CP after using the ATLAS2030 gait exoskeleton. Methods and Participants: Three children (mean age 8.0 ± 2.0), two girls and one boy, two of them with GMFCS IV and one with GMFCS III, received robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) with ATLAS2030 for one month. Results: The average time of exoskeleton use was 54.7 ± 10.4 min in all sessions, and all participants were able to perform all exercises. The strength of all muscle groups was increased after the 10 sessions for the participants assessed and the limited ROM in the sagittal plane (hip and knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion) decreased after the use of the exoskeleton compared to the initial state. Spasticity was reduced at the end of the sessions after the use of the exoskeleton compared to their initial state. Conclusion: The ROM, spasticity and strength were improved after RAGT with ATLAS2030 exoskeleton in these children with CP. However, further studies with larger samples should be carried out to confirm our findings.