Intracranial hemangiopericytoma after radiation treatment: first case in the literature.

BACKGROUND: Radiation exposure is a known risk factor for meningioma but there are no data regarding hemangiopericytoma and radiation exposure. CASE DESCRIPTION: We report a 29-year-old pineoblastoma patient diagnosed with a hemangiopericytoma at a different location, after a successful surgical excision and adjuvant radiotherapy for the original tumor 4-year prior. CONCLUSION: Hemangiopericytoma emergence can be seen after radiotherapy.

Encephalomyelitis associated with Covid-19 infection: case report.

We describe a COVID-19 patient who presented with persistent headache and anosmia that was related to viral encephalomyelitis with acute lesions on MRI in both the brain and upper cervical cord.

Genome-wide identification of Chiari malformation type I associated candidate genes and chromosomal variations.

Chiari malformation type I (CMI) is a brain malformation that is characterized by herniation of the cerebellum into the spinal canal. Chiari malformation type I is highly heterogeneous; therefore, an accurate explanation of the pathogenesis of the disease is often not possible. Although some studies showed the role of genetics in CMI, the involvement of genetic variations in CMI pathogenesis has not been thoroughly elucidated. Therefore, in the current study we aim to reveal CMI-associated genomic variations in familial cases.Four CMI patients and 7 unaffected healthy members of two distinct families were analyzed. A microarray analysis of the affected and unaffected individuals from two Turkish families with CMI was conducted. Analyses of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and copy number variations (CNVs) were performed by calculation of B allele frequency (BAF) and log R ratio (LRR) values from whole genome SNV data. Two missense variations, OLFML2A (rs7874348) and SLC4A9 (rs6860077), and a 5'UTR variation of COL4A1 (rs9521687) were significantly associated with CMI. Moreover, 12 SNVs in the intronic regions of FAM155A, NR3C1, TRPC7, ASTN2, and TRAF1 were determined to be associated with CMI. The CNV analysis showed that the 11p15.4 chromosome region is inherited in one of the families. The use of familial studies to explain the molecular pathogenesis of complex diseases such as CMI is crucial. It has been suggested that variations in OLFML2A, SLC4A9, and COL4A1 play a role in CMI molecular pathogenesis. The CNV analysis of individuals in both families revealed a potential chromosomal region, 11p15.4, and risk regions that are associated with CMI.

Congenital lateral encephalocele-case report.

Encephalocele is a congenital anomaly where intracranial neural structures extrude from the cranium through a bony and/or a dural defect. They are generally located at the midline and can be diagnosed via prenatal ultrasonography (USG). A very limited number of cases have been reported in the literature about lateral encephalocele. In this paper, the authors present a case with congenital lateral encephalocele which was subsequently operated.

Fracture and migration of a retained microcatheter into the cauda equina after endovascular neurointervention for dural arteriovenous fistula as a rare cause of tethered spinal cord: case report.

The evaluation of spinal cord vascular malformations in neuroradiology departments remains valid for both diagnosis and endovascular embolization, and for adjuvant as well as definitive treatment. The most commonly encountered complications of endovascular approaches are the recurrence or the incomplete embolization of the lesion and accidental damage to the medullary arteries, which leads to spinal cord infarction. Failure to remember a microcatheter in the abdominal aorta after catheterization is an underestimated complication. A retained guidewire in the circulation may not necessarily cause symptoms, and it may remain unnoticed for a significant period of time. However, severe complications may be faced even many years later. In this article, a case report on a fracture and migration of a retained microcatheter in the cauda equina is presented. This occurred after an endovascular neurointervention for dural arteriovenous fistula as a rare cause of tethered spinal cord.

A rare clinical presentation: a pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma presenting with intracerebral haemorrhage and metastasizing vigorously-case report and review of the literature.

Metastasis of an intracranial tumour is not a common situation in our daily neurosurgical practice. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is also a rare glial tumour with relatively a favourable prognosis among other CNS pathologies. Here, we present an anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma case which shows both haematogenous and lymphatic metastasis which is described first time in the up-to-date literature. Our case is a 17-year-old male operated for a right occipital intra-axial lesion with a diagnosis of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma which recurs 5 years later and metastasize vigorously through haematogenous and lymphatic routes. A rare-presenting symptom for this pathology is also intracerebral haemorrhage. This is the ninth case report in the literature which presents initially with this entity.

Cerebral Erdheim-Chester disease mimicking high-grade glial tumor: a case report.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a non-Langerhans histiocytosis. It may present in every organ in the body, but isolated central nervous system involvement, especially a supratentorial intra-axial location, is extremely rare. We present a case of ECD of supratentorial intra-axial origin and discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management strategies.