Histopathologic patterns and factors associated with cervical lesions at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia: A two-year cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus, which connects this organ to the vagina through the endocervical canal. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the histopathologic patterns and factors associated with cervical lesions at Jimma Medical Center from September 12, 2017, to September 12, 2019. METHODS: A 2-year facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to June 30, 2020. RESULT: In this study, cervical cancer was the most common (71%) cause of cervical lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent cervical cancer diagnosed during the study, accounting for 96.4% of 331 cancerous cases, followed by adenocarcinoma (3.3%). High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were the most frequently diagnosed precancerous lesions, accounting for 68.4% of cases. Endocervical polyps were the most commonly diagnosed benign lesions, accounting for 59.3% of cases. CONCLUSION: The maximum age distribution of cervical lesions was in the 41-50-year age range. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent type of cervical cancer. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were the most frequently diagnosed precancerous cervical lesions. The most common benign cervical lesions were endocervical polyps. RECOMMENDATION: We recommend educating the community to improve health-seeking behavior and on possible preventive strategies for cervical cancer.

Conjunctival Rhinosporidiosis in an Ethiopian Child: A Case Report.

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by an infection with the sporulating bacterium Rhinosporidium seeberi. It primarily affects the nose and nasopharynx mucous membranes, but it can also involve the conjunctiva. The most common presentation of ocular rhinosporidiosis is a polypoid mass in the palpebral conjunctiva. It affects people of all ages and genders and is found in few Asian countries. Conjunctival lesions are uncommon, and no previous case from Ethiopia has been documented to the authors' knowledge. Case Presentation: A 12-year-old boy with a fleshy pedunculated conjunctival mass was brought to Jimma University Medical Center with a 1-month history of foreign body sensation. The patient was diagnosed with Pedunculated Squamous Cell Papilloma and had an excisional biopsy of the lesion. The mass was found to be a hyperplastic polypoid lesion with numerous globular cysts within the conjunctival submucosa, surrounded by a heavy inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils, as well as large thick-walled sporangia with numerous endospores on microscopic sections. Conjunctival Rhinosporidiosis was diagnosed histopathologically. Conclusion: In terms of clinical appearance, conjunctival Rhinosporidiosis resembles squamous papilloma. As a result, a thorough histopathologic study is essential for a correct diagnosis of this uncommon condition.