RESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate whether the malignancy of atypical nodules in cirrhosis can be identified at gadoxetic-acid-disodium(Gd-EOB-DTPA)-MRI by their hypointensity in the hepatobiliary(HB)-phase alone or combined with any other MR imaging features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eleven atypical nodules detected in 77 consecutive Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRIs were divided, based on arterial-phase behavior, into: Class I, isovascular (n = 82), and Class II, hypervascular without portal/delayed washout (n = 29). The two classes were further grouped based on HB-phase intensity (A/B/C hypo/iso/hyperintensity). Portal/venous/equilibrium-phase behavior and T2w features were also collected. Histology was the gold standard. Per-nodule sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values (NPV/PPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for HB-phase hypointensity alone, and combined with vascular patterns and T2w hyperintensity. RESULTS: Histology detected 60 benign and 51 malignant/premalignant nodules [10 overt hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and 41 high-grade dysplastic nodules (HGDN)/early HCC]. Class IA contained 31 (94%) malignancies, IB one (3%), and IC only benign lesions. Class IIA had 100% malignancies, IIB three (37.5%) and IIC only two (28.5%). HB-phase hypointensity alone (Classes I-IIA) had 88% sensitivity, 91% NPV, and 93% diagnostic accuracy, superior (P < 0.05, P < 0.006, and P < 0.05, respectively) to any other MR imaging feature alone or combined. CONCLUSION: In atypical cirrhotic nodules, HB-phase hypointensity by itself is the strongest marker of malignancy.
Assuntos
Gadolínio DTPA , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Algoritmos , Biomarcadores , Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Gadolínio DTPA/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
The possibility of avoiding the manipulation of the ascending aorta plays a key role in the neuroprotective effect of off-pump coronary revascularization, reducing the overall invasiveness. We have devised a new surgical plan using the proximal stump of the right internal thoracic artery as an intrathoracic, arterial source of flow for the saphenous vein, avoiding direct aorta manipulation. The saphenous vein can be as long as required, and its proximal anastomosis guarantees a better match of the two conduits and undergoes a lower peak pressure.