RESUMO
Pythiosis, caused by Pythium insidiosum (a fungal-like stramenipila, a group of eukaryotes away from the true fungi). Pythium insidiosum causes rare human and animal infections. Transmission from animals to human is yet to be reported. Wet soil and plants near watery environments are the source of infection. We report here a fatal case of human pythiosis in a 9-year old child with acute myeloid leukemia. Organism was identified by DNA sequencing.
Assuntos
Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Pitiose , Pythium , Animais , Criança , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/complicações , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Pitiose/diagnóstico , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
There is a need of a relatively simple and inexpensive method for the determination of relative potency of various generic brands of antibiotics in comparison to original products. The current study describes an agar diffusion method which can be performed in any microbiology laboratory, is cheap (costs $2 per test) and its results can be available after overnight incubation. The results show that neither all generics are reliable nor are all generic antibiotics of poor quality.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Colistina/farmacologia , Medicamentos Genéricos/farmacologia , Fosfomicina/farmacologia , Meropeném/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Antibacterianos/farmacocinética , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Colistina/efeitos adversos , Colistina/farmacocinética , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Medicamentos Genéricos/efeitos adversos , Medicamentos Genéricos/farmacocinética , Fosfomicina/efeitos adversos , Fosfomicina/farmacocinética , Humanos , Meropeném/efeitos adversos , Meropeném/farmacocinética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Equivalência TerapêuticaAssuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Colistina/farmacologia , Infecções por Klebsiella/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Klebsiella/epidemiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Feminino , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia , PediatriaRESUMO
Quantitative and qualitative analysis were used to ascertain practices, perceptions and barriers about antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) in an oncology hospital in eastern India. In 2014 and 2017, 62% and 69.1% of the patients audited were found to be on anti infective medications respectively. Nearly 47% of patients in the study group (2014) who were on therapeutic antibiotics had an average cost of $46.48 per patient per day (inter-quartile range: $17.23-$94.76). Antibiotic related consultations from clinical microbiologists, was found to be in demand, and education of prescribers and policymakers was identified as critical to the success of ASP.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Gestão de Antimicrobianos , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Doenças Transmissíveis/tratamento farmacológico , Prescrições de Medicamentos , Uso de Medicamentos , Adulto , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Índia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Contact with host cells is recognized as a signal capable of triggering expression of bacterial genes important for host pathogen interaction. Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to the gastric epithelial cell line AGS strongly upregulated expression of a gene, HP0102, in the adhered bacteria in all strains examined, including several Indian clinical isolates. The gene is highly conserved and ubiquitously present in all 69 sequenced H. pylori genomes at the same genomic locus, as well as in 15 Indian clinical isolates. The gene is associated with 2 distinct phenotypes related to pathogenicity. In AGS cell-adhered H. pylori, it has a role in upregulation of cagA expression from a specific σ(28)-RNAP promoter and consequent induction of the hummingbird phenotype in the infected AGS cells. Furthermore, HP0102 has a role in chemotaxis and a ΔHP0102 mutant exhibited low acid-escape response that might account for the poor colonization efficiency of the mutant.