RESUMO
Background: The disease caused by coronavirus (COVID-19) affects the cardiovascular system, whether by direct viral aggression or indirectly through systemic inflammation and multiple organ compromise. A widely used method to determine cardiac injury is troponin measurement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of cardiac involvement (CINV) in a population recovered from COVID-19, referred to cardiac MRI (CMR), who did not present troponin elevation. Methods: There were 156 patients that recovered from COVID-19 and who did not present troponin elevation referred to CMR. CINV was considered to be the presence of: late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), edema, myocarditis, pericarditis, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and/or depressed right ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVSD). Results: Prevalence of CINV was 28.8%, being more frequent in men (p=0.002), in patients who required hospitalization (p=0.04) and in those who experienced non-mild cases of infection (p=0.007). RVSD (17.9%) and LVSD (13.4%) were the most frequent findings. The rate of myocarditis was 0.6%. LGE manifested in 7.1% of patients and its presence was related to less left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p=0.0001) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) (p=0.04). Conclusion: In patients who recovered from COVID-19, 28.8% of CINV was found. It was more frequent in men, in patients who required admission and in patients with cases of non-mild infection. The patients that presented LGE had less LVEF and RVSF.
Antecedentes: La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) afecta al sistema cardiovascular, ya sea mediante la agresión directa viral o indirectamente por medio de la inflamación sistémica y afectación multiorgánica. Las troponinas son ampliamente utilizadas para determinar lesión cardiaca. La finalidad de este estudio es evaluar la prevalencia de afectación cardiaca (ACARD) en una población recuperada de COVID-19, derivada a resonancia magnética cardiaca (RMC), sin elevación de troponinas al momento del estudio. Métodos: Ciento cincuenta y seis pacientes que se recuperaron de COVID-19 y que no presentaron elevación de troponinas fueron derivados a RMC. Se consideró ACARD a la presencia de: realce tardío de gadolinio (RTG), edema, miocarditis, pericarditis, deterioro de la función sistólica del ventrículo izquierdo (DFSVI) y/o depresión de la función sistólica del ventrículo derecho (DFSVD). Resultados: La prevalencia de ACARD fue del 28.8%, siendo más frecuente en hombres (p = 0.002), en pacientes que requirieron hospitalización (p = 0.04) y en aquellos que cursaron cuadro no leve de infección (p = 0.007). La DFSVD (17.9%) y la DFSVI (13.4%) fueron las hallazgos más frecuentes. La frecuencia de miocarditis fue del 0.6%. El RTG se manifestó en el 7.1% de los pacientes y se relacionó con menor fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) (p = 0.0001) y derecho (FEVD) (p = 0.04). Conclusión: La prevalencia de ACARD fue del 28.8%. Esta es más frecuente en hombres, en pacientes que requirieron internación y que cursaron cuadros de infección no leve. La miocarditis presentó una prevalencia muy baja. Los pacientes que presentaron RTG tuvieron menor FEVI y FSVD.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs with aging that can lead to greater morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis (HD) favors the development of sarcopenia. We studied the prevalence of sarcopenia and its components using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Elderly People 2 proposed criteria and risk factors for its development in HD patients. METHODS: In 100 adult HD patients, we evaluated: hand grip strength (HGS), muscle mass by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical performance (gait-speed and sit-stand test). RESULTS: Sixty patients were male and 40 were female; mean age 55.6 years. Prevalence of sarcopenia was 16% (11.1% in males and 25% in females; P = 0.05); 7% had severe sarcopenia. Prevalence of low HGS was 33% in males and 28% in females; low muscle mass was 30% in males but 70% in females and low physical performance 23% in males and 45% in females. Falls were reported by 23 patients. Patients with lower HGS had a higher prevalence of falls in the last year (40% two or more falls; P = 0.03). Only females with sarcopenia had lower bone mineral content. Neither age, body mass index, time on dialysis, or prevalence of diabetes predicted sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of dialysis patients had sarcopenia, more frequent in females. Low HGS was associated with a higher prevalence of falls. Only females with sarcopenia had lower bone mineral content.
