Avaliação da prevalência da perda precoce de molares decíduos na dentição mista / Assessment of primary molars early loss in mixed dentition prevalence

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da perda precoce de molares decíduos na dentição mista. Método: Foi realizado estudo em crianças na faixa etária dos 6 a 12 anos. A perda do molar decíduo foi considerada precoce, quando essa ocorreu antes do estágio 6 de Nolla (coroa totalmente formada) do sucessor permanente ou um ano antes de sua esfoliação fisiológica. Foram obtidas radiografias periapicais para constatar a presença do sucessor permanente e o nível de formação radicular, bem como a necessidade de colocação de mantenedor de espaço fixo arco lingual ou botão de Nance. Para o estudo da distribuição de frequências da perda dentária precoce em relação ao gênero e dentição, foi utilizado o Teste Qui-quadrado nível de 5% de probabilidade e o teste não paramétrico, Mann-Whitney, para análise estatística adequada. Resultados: Das 315 crianças examinadas 159 (50,47%) eram do gênero masculino e 156 (49,52%) do gênero feminino. Apenas 25 (7,9%) apresentaram perdas múltiplas dentárias na região posterior, sendo 19 na arcada inferior e 6 na arcada superior. Na inferior, houve predominância de perda do primeiro e segundo molares decíduos. Não existiu diferença na associação entre os gêneros das crianças e a ocorrência de perdas múltiplas dentárias (χ² (1) = 0,03, p>0.05). Conclusão: A prevalência de perda prematura de dentes decíduos foi de 7,9% e os dentes mais acometidos foram os primeiros e segundos molares na arcada inferior. Mantenedores de espaço do tipo arco lingual foram instalados em 6 crianças, que permanecerão até que os sucessores permanentes irrompam na cavidade bucal. (AU)

Objective: To assess primary molars early loss in mixed dentition prevalence. Method: A study was carried out in children aged 6 to 12 years. Deciduous molar loss was considered early when it occurred before Nolla stage 6 (full formed crown) of the permanent successor or one year before its physiological exfoliation. Periapical radiographs were obtained to verify the presence of the permanent successor and the level of root formation, as well as the need for placement of fixed space maintainer lingual arch or Nance button. For the study of frequency distribution of early dental loss in relation to gender and dentition, we used the Chi-square test of 5% probability level and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for adequate statistical analysis. Results: Of the 315 children examined, 159 (50.47%) were male and 156 (49.52%) were female. Only 25 (7.9%) presented multiple dental losses in the posterior region, 19 in the lower arch and 6 in the upper arch. In the inferior one there was predominance of first and second deciduous molars loss. There was no difference in the association between genders and the occurrence of multiple dental losses (χ² (1) = 0.03, p>0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of deciduous teeth premature loss was of 7.9% and the most affected teeth were the first and second molars in the lower arch. Lingual arch space holders were installed in 6 children, who will remain with it until the permanent successors erupt into the oral cavity. (AU)

Prevalence and etiology of dental trauma in schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and etiological factors of dental trauma in school-age children aged 6 to 12 years. Methods: A study was developed in children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 12 of both genders enrolled in 3 municipal public schools. An oral examination of the permanent or deciduous incisors was performed, if they were still present in the oral cavity, to evaluate the presence of dental trauma, need for treatment and sequels, and the method of examination and classification of dental trauma of O'Brien. Results: The prevalence of dental trauma was 4.03% (n=29). The most verified traumas were enamel crack / enamel fracture and enamel / dentin fracture without pulp exposure. It was observed that the most affected teeth were the permanent upper central incisors and the age at which trauma was most observed was 11 years, the main etiological factor was fall from a height, in 65.3% of schoolchildren (n=19). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma was 4.03%, with no statistically significant difference between genders. The permanent right upper central incisor was the most affected, occurring predominantly at home and at school. The dissemination of information about dental trauma and emergency protocols to parents and teachers need to be encouraged