Statine-based peptidomimetic compounds as inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (SARS-CoV­2 Mpro).

COVID-19 is a multisystemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 airborne virus, a member of the Coronaviridae family. It has a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome and encodes two non-structural proteins through viral cysteine-proteases processing. Blocking this step is crucial to control virus replication. In this work, we reported the synthesis of 23 statine-based peptidomimetics to determine their ability to inhibit the main protease (Mpro) activity of SARS-CoV-2. Among the 23 peptidomimetics, 15 compounds effectively inhibited Mpro activity by 50% or more, while three compounds (7d, 8e, and 9g) exhibited maximum inhibition above 70% and IC50 < 1 µM. Compounds 7d, 8e, and 9g inhibited roughly 80% of SARS-CoV-2 replication and proved no cytotoxicity. Molecular docking simulations show putative hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions between specific amino acids and these inhibitors. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed the stability and persisting interactions in Mpro's subsites, exhibiting favorable free energy binding (ΔGbind) values. These findings suggest the statine-based peptidomimetics as potential therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting Mpro.

In silico drug repurposing by combining machine learning classification model and molecular dynamics to identify a potential OGT inhibitor.

O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a unique intracellular post-translational glycosylation at the hydroxyl group of serine or threonine residues in nuclear, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins. The enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is responsible for adding GlcNAc, and anomalies in this process can lead to the development of diseases associated with metabolic imbalance, such as diabetes and cancer. Repurposing approved drugs can be an attractive tool to discover new targets reducing time and costs in the drug design. This work focuses on drug repurposing to OGT targets by virtual screening of FDA-approved drugs through consensus machine learning (ML) models from an imbalanced dataset. We developed a classification model using docking scores and ligand descriptors. The SMOTE approach to resampling the dataset showed excellent statistical values in five of the seven ML algorithms to create models from the training set, with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy over 90% and Matthew's correlation coefficient greater than 0.8. The pose analysis obtained by molecular docking showed only H-bond interaction with the OGT C-Cat domain. The molecular dynamics simulation showed the lack of H-bond interactions with the C- and N-catalytic domains allowed the drug to exit the binding site. Our results showed that the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory celecoxib could be a potentially OGT inhibitor.

Profissão e vocação: a enfermagem em questão / Profession and vocation: nursing in question / Profesión y vocación: la enfermería en cuestión

Objetivo: Identificar os motivos pelos quais levaram os estudantes a escolherem a formação universitário em Enfermagem. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório- descritivo, sob abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com 276 acadêmicos de Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Noroeste do estado do Ceará, Brasil. As informações foram coletadas por meio de um questionário eletrônico, aplicado por meio da plataforma Google Forms®. Essas por sua vez, foram analisadas a partir de análise de conteúdo proposto por Minayo, com o suporte do software N VIVO 11®. Resultados: As palavras mais referidas pelos estudantes ao serem questionados acerca dos motivos na escolha do curso de Enfermagem, foram: "Área", "Saúde", "Curso" e "Profissão", as quais suscitam que em algumas situações a escolha do curso aconteceu pela área da Saúde e não pelo curso em específico. Entretanto, outras palavras com maior quantitativo de repetição foram identificadas: "Sempre", "Gosto" e "Enfermagem", que por sua vez, demonstram a identificação com o curso de Enfermagem em específico e com o fazer da profissão. A partir de então, foram definidas seis categorias de análise, a saber "Identificar-se com a profissão", "Determinação Social e Mercado de Trabalho", "Enfermagem como segunda ou única opção", "Influências externas", "Permanência na área da Saúde" e "Vocação e visão solidária-romântica". Considerações finais: A partir dos discursos dos participantes em estudo, evidenciou-se que os motivos pelos quais levaram esses a ingressarem no curso universitário em Enfermagem estão associados ao imaginário da vocação, da concepção da Enfermagem enquanto profissão voltada para o cuidar/cuidado, bem como pelo o interesse de atuação na área da saúde.

Objective: To identify the reasons why students chose a university degree in Nursing. Methodology: Exploratory-descriptive study, under a qualitative approach, developed with 276 Nursing students from a public university in the Northwest of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Information was collected through an electronic questionnaire, applied through the Google Forms® platform. These, in turn, were analyzed based on the content analysis proposed by Minayo, with the support of the N VIVO 11® software. Results: The words most mentioned by students when asked about the reasons for choosing the Nursing course were: "Area", "Health", "Course" and "Profession", which suggest that in some situations the choice of course happened by the Health area and not by the specific course. However, other words with a higher number of repetitions were identified: "Always", "I like" and "Nursing", which, in turn, demonstrate identification with the Nursing course in particular and with the profession. From then on, six categories of analysis were defined, namely "Identifying with the profession", "Social Determination and the Labor Market", "Nursing as a second or only option", "External influences", "Permanence in the area of Health" and "Vocation and solidarity-romantic vision". Final considerations: From the speeches of the participants in the study, it was evident that the reasons why they entered the university course in Nursing are associated with the imaginary of the vocation, of the conception of Nursing as a profession focused on care/care, as well as as well as the interest in acting in the health area.

Objetivo: Identificar las razones por las cuales los estudiantes eligieron la carrera universitaria de Enfermería. Metodología: Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo, desarrollado con 276 estudiantes de Enfermería de una universidad pública del Noroeste del estado de Ceará, Brasil. La información se recolectó a través de un cuestionario electrónico, aplicado a través de la plataforma Google Forms®. Estos, a su vez, fueron analizados con base en el análisis de contenido propuesto por Minayo, con el apoyo del software N VIVO 11®. Resultados: Las palabras más mencionadas por los estudiantes cuando se les preguntó acerca de los motivos de la elección de la carrera de Enfermería fueron: "Área", "Salud", "Curso" y "Profesión", lo que sugiere que en algunas situaciones la elección de la carrera pasó por la carrera de Enfermería. área y no por el curso específico. Sin embargo, fueron identificadas otras palabras con mayor número de repeticiones: "Siempre", "Me gusta" y "Enfermería", que, a su vez, demuestran identificación con la carrera de Enfermería en particular y con la profesión. A partir de ahí, se definieron seis categorías de análisis, a saber, "Identificación con la profesión", "Determinación social y mercado de trabajo", "Enfermería como segunda o única opción", "Influencias externas", "Permanencia en el área de la Salud". " y "Vocación y visión solidaria-romántica". Consideraciones finales: A partir de los discursos de los participantes en el estudio, se evidenció que las razones por las cuales ingresaron a la carrera universitaria en Enfermería están asociadas al imaginario de la vocación, de la concepción de la Enfermería como profesión enfocada en el cuidado, así como el interés por actuar en el área de la salud.

Impact of long COVID on the heart rate variability at rest and during deep breathing maneuver.

While the majority of individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recover completely, a significant percentage experience persistent symptom, which has been characterized as Long COVID and may be associated with cardiac and autonomic dysfunction. We evaluated heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during deep-breathing (M-RSA) in patients with Long COVID. Case-control design involved 21 patients with Long COVID and 20 controls; the HRV was evaluated (POLAR system) at rest in the supine position and during M-RSA and expressed in time domain and non-linear analysis. In the supine position we found a reduction HRV measures in Long COVID' patients compared to controls for: Mean_iRR (p < 0.001), STD_iRR (p < 0.001); STD_HR (p < 0.001); SD1 (p < 0.001); SD2 (p < 0.001); alpha2 (p < 0.001). In the M-RSA we found reduction Mean_iRR (p < 0.001), STD_iRR (p < 0.001), STD_HR (p < 0.001), rMSSD (p < 0.001), RR_tri-index (p < 0.001) in Long COVID' patients except for highest Mean_HR p < 0.001. In conclusion, Long COVID reduced HRV at rest and during deep breathing. These findings may imply impairment of cardiac autonomic control when symptoms of COVID-19 persist following initial recovery.

Study of the dynamic behavior of the cruzain enzyme in free and complexed forms with competitive and noncovalent benzimidazole inhibitors.

There are only two drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease, namely, nifurtimox and benznidazole, that can cause several adverse effects. Despite the effectiveness of these drugs in the disease's acute phase, they are not recognized as curative in the chronic phase, establishing the need for more effective treatment in all stages of the disease. Cruzain is an enzyme that plays a vital role in the life cycle of the etiologic agent, the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, being relevant as a therapeutic target in the planning of new drugs. Using molecular docking and dynamics simulations, we have investigated the structural and dynamic factors that can be involved in the enzyme inhibition process at the atomic-molecular level by benzimidazole compounds that are potent cruzain inhibitors with in vitro trypanocidal activity. The study suggests that these inhibitors bind cruzain through steric and hydrogen bonding interactions without altering its secondary structure content and protein compaction. Besides, we observed that these inhibitors decrease the correlation of movements between Cα-atoms of cruzain, increasing the number of atomic communities, mainly in the α-helix that presents the catalytic Cys25 residue. As expected, we also observed a correlation between the inhibitory activity of each inhibitor and their respective binding-free energies, reinforcing that the affinity of the complexes seems to be a relevant factor for enzymatic inhibition. Hence, the results presented in this work contribute to a better understanding of the cruzain enzyme inhibition mechanism through competitive and non-covalent inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Construção de um plano terapêutico multiprofissional para cuidados de pacientes em internação hospitalar / Construction of a multiprofessional therapeutic plan for the care of hospitalized patients / Construcción de un plan terapéutico multiprofesional para el cuidado de pacientes hospitalizados

INTRODUÇÃO: O Plano Terapêutico, trata-se de um plano de cuidado voltado para cada paciente, considerando sua individualidade e integralidade. O impulso a abordar essa temática se deu a partir da aproximação com um dos campos de atuação, enquanto residente em Urgência e Emergência. OBJETIVO: Construir um plano terapêutico multiprofissional para cuidados de pacientes em internação hospitalar. METODOLOGIA: Estudo metodológico, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em duas etapas: 1) Realização de revisão integrativa sobre a temática de interesse; 2) Elaboração da tecnologia, com suporte de designer gráfico, realizado entre os meses de novembro 2022 a janeiro de 2023. RESULTADOS: Construiu-se o plano terapêutico, contendo seis domínios, compostos por 27 itens. Os itens trazem, os dados pessoais do paciente, ,antecedentes pessoais, medicações contínuas, descrição do plano articulado pela equipe multiprofissional, descrição de possíveis novos terapêutivos e feedback da equipe. CONCLUSÃO: Esse instrumento de trabalho fortalece a troca de saberes das múltiplas especialidades envolvidas no cuidado, além da assistência integral ao paciente.

INTRODUCTION: The Therapeutic Plan is a care plan aimed at each patient, considering their individuality and completeness. The impetus to approach this theme came from the approach with one of the fields of action, while residing in Urgência e Emergência. OBJECTIVE: To build a multidisciplinary therapeutic plan for the care of hospitalized patients. METHODOLOGY: Methodological study, with a quantitative approach, developed in two stages: 1) Conducting an integrative review on the topic of interest; 2) Elaboration of the technology, with the support of a graphic designer, carried out between the months of November 2022 to January 2023. RESULTS: The therapeutic plan was constructed, containing six domains, composed of 27 items. The items bring the patient's personal data, personal history, continuous medications, description of the plan articulated by the multidisciplinary team, description of possible new therapies and team feedback. CONCLUSION: This work instrument strengthens the exchange of knowledge of the multiple specialties involved in care, in addition to comprehensive patient care.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El Plan Terapéutico es un plan de cuidados dirigido a cada paciente, considerando su individualidad e integralidad. El impulso para abordar este tema surgió del acercamiento con uno de los campos de actuación, durante la residencia en Urgência e Emergência. OBJETIVO: Construir un plan terapéutico multidisciplinar para el cuidado de pacientes hospitalizados. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio metodológico, con abordaje cuantitativo, desarrollado en dos etapas: 1) Realización de una revisión integradora sobre el tema de interés; 2) Elaboración de la tecnología, con el apoyo de un diseñador gráfico, realizada entre los meses de noviembre de 2022 a enero de 2023. RESULTADOS: Se construyó el plan terapéutico, que contiene seis dominios, compuestos por 27 ítems. Los ítems traen los datos personales del paciente, historia personal, medicaciones continuas, descripción del plan articulado por el equipo multidisciplinar, descripción de posibles nuevas terapias y feedback del equipo. CONCLUSIÓN: Este instrumento de trabajo refuerza el intercambio de conocimientos de las múltiples especialidades implicadas en la asistencia, además de la atención integral al paciente.

Fatores atrelados ao diagnóstico tardio em pessoas com Hanseníase na atenção primária à saúde (aps): uma revisão integrativa / Factors associated with delayed diagnosis in people with leprosy in primary health care: an integrative review / Factores asociados al retraso diagnóstico en personas con lepra en atención primaria: una revisión integradora

Objetivo: identificar os fatores envolvidos no diagnóstico tardio em pessoas com hanseníase na APS, sob a ótica da literatura vigente. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, constituído por seis etapas, que seguiu o acrônimo PICo para formulação da questão de pesquisa. As buscas foram realizadas na National Library of Medicine (PubMed)/ Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem (Medline); Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS); Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo-Brasil); Scopus; e Web Science, e incorporou estudos publicados desde 2000 até março de 2022. Resultados: dos 80 artigos identificados na busca, 7 artigos foram selecionados, entre os quais, três foram publicados na PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases; dois estudos foram publicizados em 2018; a área de conhecimento mais publicada, englobou a de doenças tropicais negligenciadas. Considerações: os estudos incluídos nesta revisão, possibilitaram elucidar a partir de evidências científicas, dois grandes grupos de fatores que estão atrelados ao processo do atraso diagnóstico de hanseníase, sendo estes: os fatores operacionais relacionados ao serviço de saúde e os fatores relacionados a população, sendo necessário fortalecer as ações de educação permanente em saúde para os profissionais sobre a hanseníase, como é preciso desenvolver ações de educações em saúde para a comunidade, para que possam atuar em cooperação na ESF, na identificação dos sinas e sintomas de forma precoce.

Objective: to identify the factors involved in the late diagnosis of people with leprosy in PHC, from the perspective of the current literature. Methodology: this is an integrative review of the literature, consisting of six steps, which followed the acronym PICo to formulate the research question. The searches were carried out at the National Library of Medicine (PubMed)/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (Medline); Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Online Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo-Brasil); Scopus; and Web Science, and incorporated studies published from 2000 to March 2022. Results: of the 80 articles identified in the search, 7 articles were selected, among which, three were published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases; studies were published in 2018; The most published area of knowledge covers neglected tropical diseases. Considerations: the studies included in this review made it possible to elucidate, based on scientific evidence, the large groups of factors that are linked to the process of late diagnosis of leprosy, namely: operating factors related to the health service and factors related to the population, it is necessary to strengthen actions of education in permanent health for professionals about leprosy, just as it is necessary to develop actions of education in health for the community, so that they can act in cooperation in the ESF, in the early identification of signs and symptoms.

Objetivo: identificar los factores implicados en el diagnóstico tardío de personas con lepra en APS, desde la perspectiva de la literatura actual. Metodología: se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura, compuesta por seis etapas, que siguieron el acrónimo PICo para formular la pregunta de investigación. Las búsquedas fueron realizadas en National Library of Medicine (PubMed)/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (Medline); Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Online Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo-Brasil); Scopus; y Web Science, e incorporaron estudios publicados desde 2000 hasta marzo de 2022. Resultados: de los 80 artículos identificados en la búsqueda, se seleccionaron 7 artículos, entre los cuales, tres fueron publicados en PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases; los estudios fueron publicados en 2018; El área de conocimiento más publicada abarca las enfermedades tropicales desatendidas. Consideraciones: los estudios incluidos en esta revisión permitieron dilucidar, con base en la evidencia científica, los grandes grupos de factores que están vinculados al proceso de diagnóstico tardío de la lepra, a saber: factores operativos relacionados con el servicio de salud y factores relacionados con la población, es necesario fortalecer las acciones de educación en salud permanente para los profesionales sobre la lepra, así como es necesario desarrollar acciones de educación en salud para la comunidad, para que puedan actuar en cooperación en la ESF, en la identificación precoz de signos y síntomas.

Construção e validação de ferramenta preventiva sobre incompatibilidade medicamentosa em via Y / Construction and validation of a preventive tool on drug incompatibility in the Y-route / Construcción y validación de una herramienta preventiva de incompatibilidad de medicamentos en la ruta Y

Introdução: A terapia com medicamentos endovenosos é muito utilizada nas unidades hospitalares, porém, possui uma elevada chance de incidentes, principalmente quando os medicamentos são administrados simultaneamente em via Y. Essa prática pode resultar em incompatibilidades medicamentosas classificadas em reações físicas e químicas. Objetivo: Construir e validar uma ferramenta preventiva de incompatibilidade medicamentosa em via Y. Método: Estudo metodológico com abordagem quantitativa. Foi desenvolvido em três etapas: Levantamento bibliográfico, construção e diagramação do material e por fim, a validação da ferramenta preventiva. Para validação, a ferramenta preventiva foi submetida ao processo de validação de face e conteúdo por juízes com expertise na temática. Resultados: Construiu-se e validou-se uma ferramenta preventiva através da busca de dados na literatura com a participação de sete juízes especialistas na temática. Os itens avaliativos referentes a tabela de incompatibilidade medicamentosa quanto aos objetivos, estrutura, apresentação e relevância da ferramenta preventiva foi considerada válida, pois foram julgados como adequado pelos especialistas. Conclusão: A validação de conteúdo, foi considerada válida pelos juízes, portanto, espera-se que o material alcance o seu objetivo ao ser aplicado durante a prática clínica. Dessa forma, será disponibilizado à instituição para que seja utilizado, favorecendo a prevenção de danos e contribuindo para a segurança dos pacientes, bem como melhorando a qualidade da assistência e educação em saúde.

Introduction: Intravenous drug therapy is widely used in hospital units, however, it has a high chance of incidents, especially when drugs are administered simultaneously in a Y route. This practice can result in drug incompatibilities classified into physical and chemical reactions. Objective: To build and validate a preventive tool for drug incompatibility in the Y pathway. Method: Methodological study with a quantitative approach. It was developed in three stages: bibliographic survey, construction and layout of the material and finally, the validation of the preventive tool. For validation, the preventive tool was submitted to the face and content validation process by judges with expertise in the subject. Results: A preventive tool was built and validated through the search for data in the literature with the participation of seven expert judges on the subject. The evaluative items referring to the medication incompatibility table regarding the objectives, structure, presentation and relevance of the preventive tool were considered valid, as they were judged as adequate by the specialists. Conclusion: The content validation was considered valid by the judges, therefore, it is expected that the material reaches its objective when applied during clinical practice. In this way, it will be made available to the institution for use, favoring the prevention of damage and contributing to patient safety, as well as improving the quality of health care and education.

Introducción: La farmacoterapia intravenosa es ampliamente utilizada en las unidades hospitalarias, sin embargo, tiene una alta probabilidad de incidencias, especialmente cuando los fármacos se administran simultáneamente en una vía Y. Esta práctica puede dar lugar a incompatibilidades medicamentosas clasificadas en reacciones físicas y químicas. Objetivo: Construir y validar una herramienta preventiva de incompatibilidad de medicamentos en la vía Y. Método: Estudio metodológico con enfoque cuantitativo. Se desarrolló en tres etapas: relevamiento bibliográfico, construcción y diagramación del material y finalmente, la validación de la herramienta preventiva. Para la validación, la herramienta preventiva fue sometida al proceso de validación facial y de contenido por jueces expertos en el tema. Resultados: Se construyó y validó una herramienta preventiva a través de la búsqueda de datos en la literatura con la participación de siete jueces expertos en el tema. Los ítems evaluativos referentes a la tabla de incompatibilidad de medicamentos en relación a los objetivos, estructura, presentación y relevancia de la herramienta preventiva fueron considerados válidos, pues fueron juzgados como adecuados por los especialistas. Conclusiones: La validación del contenido fue considerada válida por los jueces, por lo tanto, se espera que el material alcance su objetivo al ser aplicado durante la práctica clínica. De esta forma, se pondrá a disposición de la institución para su uso, favoreciendo la prevención de daños y contribuyendo a la seguridad del paciente, además de mejorar la calidad de la atención y educación en salud.

Digital rectal examination impact on PSA derivatives and prostate biopsy triggers: a contemporary study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the digital rectal exam (DRE) on PSA measurements and clinical decision-making. METHODS: Healthy male volunteers between 50 and 70 years old were recruited during a 30-day public screening program. PSA levels were measured using two different methods (standard enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay-ECLIA, and novel immunochromatography assay-ICA/rapid PSA) in the same blood sample. Two blood samples were drawn; first before DRE and the second 30-40 min after DRE. The effect of DRE on PSA levels and its impact on clinical decision-making for individual patients were evaluated based on different biopsy trigger cutoffs. RESULTS: ECLIA-PSA was measured in 74 participants both pre- and 37 ± 5 min post-DRE, mean age 57.2 ± 8.3 years, and mean prostate volume 33.6 (20-80) cm3. Both total and free ECLIA-PSA increased significantly after DRE (mean increase of 0.47 and 0.26 ng/ml, respectively, both p < 0.001). Different internationally accepted biopsy triggers were reached after DRE only: 5 total PSA > 3 ng/ml, 13 increase > 0.75 ng/ml, 3 PSA density > 0.15, and 1 free/total PSA < 0.18. On two occasions, patients were pushed away from biopsy trigger after DRE due to free/total PSA > 0.18. ICA-PSA was detectable (> 2.0 ng/ml) in 5 of 45 measured samples (11%) before DRE and 13/45 (29%) after DRE, p = 0.0316. Four among five detectable ICA-PSA tests increased after DRE. CONCLUSION: Performing DRE immediately before PSA measurement might change the clinical decision-making on a significant number of occasions (roughly 1 in 3); even though the mean increase (0.47 ng/ml) looks deceivingly small. Further studies are required that include gold standard tests (biopsy, or imaging).

O encontro entre psicologia e internações psiquiátricas: cuidado em saúde mental em unidade de urgência e emergência de hospital de ensino do interior do Rio Grande do Sul / The meeting between psychology and psychiatric hospitalizations: mental health care in urgent and emergency unit of teaching hospital in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul Brazilian state

Pensando a Reforma Psiquiátrica e a proposta do cuidado prioritário em serviço extra-hospitalar, o estudo visa a analisar o perfil dos pacientes psiquiátricos que buscam atendimento em unidade de Urgência e Emergência de Hospital Geral. Utilizou-se o método misto, com aplicação de questionário, entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante na unidade hospitalar em que os dados foram coletados. Essa se deu nos meses de abril a agosto de 2018, utilizando a entrevista semiestruturada e os prontuários eletrônicos para construção dos dados. Observou-se a percepção dos pacientes em relação ao atendimento hospitalar e as medicações mais utilizadas nesse período. Concluiu-se que a psicologia durante a internação trabalha com pacientes e familiares sobre o acompanhamento na rede após alta. Percebeu-se também a necessidade de capacitar os profissionais de saúde para atender esse público-alvo, além das mudanças no espaço físico.

Perfil da dor lombar em trabalhadores dos restaurantes de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil / Lower back pain profile in restaurant workers at a public university in southern Brazil

A realização das tarefas dos trabalhadores em restaurantes universitários (RUs) envolve movimentos repetitivos de coluna, levantamento de pesos excessivos e permanência na postura em pé por períodos prolongados de tempo, sendo indicada avaliação da região lombar desses trabalhadores. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi traçar o perfil da dor lombar em trabalhadores dos RUs de uma Universidade Pública do Sul do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo quantitativo observacional de corte transversal, no qual foram selecionados participantes de 18 a 59 anos, de ambos os sexos, que exerciam alguma função dentro dos restaurantes de uma universidade do sul do Brasil e que relataram presença dor lombar. Os participantes foram avaliados, por: questionário sociodemográfico, escala visual numérica da dor (EVN), amplitude de movimento (ADM) da coluna lombar e questionário Start Back Screening Tool Brasil (SBST). Os resultados são apresentados em frequência absoluta e relativa, correlação de Spearman, e as variáveis numéricas em média e desvio padrão ou mediana, mínimo, máximo. Foram incluídos no estudo 28 participantes sendo 71,4% mulheres, que possuíam média de idade de 36,3 (±10,8) anos. O relato de dor acima de 4 na EVN foi de 71,4% dos participantes e todos possuíam diminuição da ADM em todos os movimentos avaliados na coluna lombar. A maioria (71,4%) apresentou baixo risco para fatores psicossociais pelo SBST. O perfil dos trabalhadores de restaurantes da universidade avaliada é caracterizado por ser prioritariamente realizado por mulheres, sendo que estas trabalhadoras apresentaram quadro álgico intenso e limitação dos movimentos articulares na região lombar.

The tasks that workers in university restaurants (URs) perform involves repetitive movements of the back, lifting excessive weight, remaining in a standing posture for prolonged periods of time, and, thus, an evaluation of the lumbar region of these workers is indicated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to outline the profile of lower back pain in workers from the URs of a Public University in the South of Brazil. This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study, in which participants aged 18 to 59 years, of both sexes, who performed some function within the restaurants of a university in southern Brazil and who reported the presence of lower back pain were selected. Participants were evaluated by a sociodemographic questionnaire, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, a range of motion (ROM) of the lumbar spine evaluation, and the Brazilian Start Back Screening Tool (SBST) questionnaire. Results are presented as absolute and relative frequencies, with a Spearman correlation, and numerical variables as mean and standard deviation or median, minimum, and maximum. Twenty-eight participants were included in the study, 71.4% of whom were women, with a mean age of 36.3 (±10.8) years old. The report of pain above 4 in the VAS was 71.4% of the participants and all had a decrease in ROM in all movements evaluated in the lumbar spine. Most (71.4%) had low risk for psychosocial factors by SBST. The profile of restaurant workers at the evaluated university is characterized by being primarily performed by women, and these workers presented severe pain and limited joint movements in their lumbar region.

Acompanhamento a longo prazo de paciente do sexo masculino com fibroma cardíaco assintomático / Long-Term follow-up of an asymptomatic man with a cardiac fibroma

Descreve-se o caso de um homem de 19 anos assintomático com fibroma de ventrículo esquerdo em acompanhamento por 15 anos, sem tratamento.(AU)

Here we describe a case of a 19-year-old asymptomatic man with a left ventricular fibroma on follow-up for 15 years with no treatment required.(AU)

The process of testicular regression also impacts the physiology of the epididymis of the bat Molossus molossus, although with a delay in epididymal response due to sperm storage.

Responsible for post-testicular maturation, concentration, protection and sperm storage, the epididymis is an organ that can be easily subdivided into three segments: caput, corpus and cauda. Each epididymal region displays different morphology and functions within the sperm maturation process. Despite the great importance of this organ, studies on its morphology and hormonal control in bats remain scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to morphologically analyze the epididymis of the bat Molossus molossus (Chiroptera: Molossidae), in order to evaluate its morphological and morphometric variations, as well as some aspects of its hormonal control during the annual reproductive cycle. For this purpose, 60 sexually adult males were used in this study, comprising five specimens collected monthly for one year to form 12 sample groups. The epididymis was subjected to morphological, morphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. The results demonstrated that the processes of total testicular regression and posterior recrudescence suffered by M. molossus also impacts the physiology of the epididymis, however, a delay in the epididymal response is seen due to the storage of sperm. Similar to other mammals, the epididymis of M. molossus has a large predominance of principal and basal cells. The epididymal seasonal variations appear to be directly correlated to rainfall and photoperiod, but not to temperature. Meanwhile, epididymal physiology appears to be regulated, at least partially, by the expression of the androgen receptor in epithelial cells, which has agonist effects on cell proliferation.

Trypanocidal activity of new 1,6-diphenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo studies.

Despite the serious public health problems caused by Chagas disease in several countries, the available therapy remains with only two drugs that are poorly active during the chronic phase of the disease in addition to having severe side effects. In search of new trypanocidal agents, herein we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of eleven new 1,6-diphenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine compounds containing the carbohydrazide or the 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties. Two of them showed promising in vitro activity against amastigote forms of T. cruzi and were evaluated in vivo in male BALB/c mice infected with T. cruzi Y strain. Our results suggest that the substitution at the C-2 position of the phenyl group connected to the carbohydrazide or to the 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties plays an important role in the trypanocidal activity of this class of compounds. Moreover, the compound containing the 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety has demonstrated more favorable structural requirements for in vivo activity than its carbohydrazide analog.

In vitro evaluation of antitrypanosomal activity and molecular docking of benzoylthioureas.

A series of sixteen benzoylthioureas derivatives were initially evaluated in vitro against the epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi. All of the tested compounds inhibited the growth of this form of the parasite, and due to the promising anti-epimastigote activity from three of these compounds, they were also assayed against the trypomastigote and amastigote forms. ADMET-Tox in silico predictions and molecular docking studies with two main enzymatic targets (cruzain and CYP-51) were performed for the three compounds with the highest activity. The docking studies showed that these compounds can interact with the active site of cruzain by hydrogen bonds and can be coordinated with Fe-heme through the carbonyl oxygen atom of the CYP51. These findings can be considered an important starting point for the proposal of the benzoylthioureas as potent, selective, and multi-target antitrypanosomal agents.

Annual reproductive cycle of males of the bat Molossusmolossus: Seasonal bimodal polyestry, testicular regression, and some aspects of the hormonal control.

Bats are mammals that play a fundamental role in the regulation of the ecosystems by, for example, controlling the insect populations. Therefore, insectivorous species, such as Molossusmolossus, have become the target of great scientific interest. Despite the different studies that exist on the species, there is still no consensus regarding its reproduction. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the morphophysiology and some aspects of the hormonal control of the testes of M. molossus (Chiroptera: Molossidae), by evaluating its morphological and morphometric variations throughout the annual reproductive cycle. Sixty sexually adult males of M. molossus were used in the study, with five specimens collected each month for one year, forming 12 sample groups. The testes of each bat were submitted to morphological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses. Molossusmolossus presented an annual reproductive cycle with two peaks of spermatogenic activity, one in April and the other in September, and a period of total testicular regression in December, which has never been described. The cycle appeared to be regulated by rainfall and was, at least partially, controlled by the expression of the androgen receptor in Sertoli cells, which has agonist effects on cell proliferation.

Biological evaluation and molecular modeling of peptidomimetic compounds as inhibitors for O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT).

The vital enzyme O-linked ß-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) catalyzes the O-GlcNAcylation of intracellular proteins coupling the metabolic status to cellular signaling and transcription pathways. Aberrant levels of O-GlcNAc and OGT have been linked to metabolic diseases as cancer and diabetes. Here, a new series of peptidomimetic OGT inhibitors was identified highlighting the compound LQMed 330, which presented better IC50 compared to the most potent inhibitors found in the literature. Molecular modeling study of selected inhibitors into the OGT binding site provided insight into the behavior by which these compounds interact with the enzyme. The results obtained in this study provided new perspectives on the design and synthesis of highly specific OGT inhibitors.

Aspectos epidemiológicos e espaciais de escolares avaliados na Campanha Nacional de Hanseníase em Sobral - Ceará, Brasil / Epidemiological and spatial aspects of schoolchildren in National Leprosy Campaign in Sobral ­ Ceará, Brazil

Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos dos escolares da rede pública de educação, na faixa etária de cinco a quatroze anos, que participaram da Campanha Nacional de Hanseníase, em 2016. Método: Estudo transversal com dados de escolares de cinco a quatorze anos de Sobral, Ceará. Empregou-se o teste de associação Qui-quadrado de Pearson e o diagrama de Voronoi associado a matriz de distância linear e de proximidade. Resultados: Foram incluídos 1.216 escolares, dos quais 18,1% tinham casos de hanseníase na família, 31,7% apresentaram manchas no corpo e destes, 19,4% referiram ter algum caso de hanseníase na família. Dos 386 escolares que relataram mancha no corpo, 41,3% são do sexo masculino e 34,8% residiam na zona urbana. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se prevalência de manchas nos escolares do sexo masculino, residentes na zona urbana, com distância mínima espacial (de até 10 km) dos escolares com manchas para os casos que tiveram hanseníase na família. (AU)

Objectives: Describe the epidemiological aspects of schoolchildren in the public education system, aged five to fourteen years, who participated in the National Leprosy Campaign in 2016. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from schoolchildren aged five to fourteen years, from Sobral, Ceará. Pearson's Chi-square association test and the Voronoi diagram associated with the linear distance and proximity matrix were used. Results: 1.216 students were included, of which 18.1% had cases of leprosy in the family, 31.7% had cases without leprosy, 19.4% reported some case of leprosy in the family. Of the 386 schoolchildren who relate to the body, 41.3% are male and 34.8% live in the urban area. Conclusion: There was a prevalence of spots in male students living in the urban area, with a minimum spatial distance (up to 10 km) of students with spots for cases with leprosy in the family. (AU)

Objetivos: Describa los aspectos epidemiológicos de los escolares en el sistema de educación pública, de cinco a catorce años, que participaron la Campaña Nacional contra la Lepra en 2016. Métodos: Estudio transversal con datos de escolares de cinco a catorce años, de Sobral, Ceará. Se utilizaron la prueba de asociación Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y el diagrama de Voronoi asociado con distancia lineal y la matriz de proximidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1.216 estudiantes, de los cuales 18.1% tenían casos de lepra en la familia, 31.7% tenían casos sin lepra, 19.4% informaron algún caso de lepra en la familia. De los 386 escolares que se relacionan con el cuerpo, 41.3% son hombres y 34.8% viven en el área urbana. Conclusión: Hubo una prevalencia de manchas en estudiantes varones que viven en el área urbana, con una distancia espacial mínima (hasta 10 km) de estudiantes con manchas para casos de lepra en la familia. (AU)

[Eating habits of pregnant Brazilian women: an integrative review of the literature]. / Hábitos alimentares das gestantes brasileiras:revisão integrativa da literatura.

The eating habits of pregnant women are influenced by several factors, and it is essential to understand them in order to establish nutritional interventions in prenatal care. The objective of this integrative review was to analyze the bibliographic production on the eating habits of pregnant Brazilian women. A search was conducted in the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases (SciELO) using the following key words: "Gestantes" or "Grávidas" and "Hábitos Alimentares" in Portuguese, and "Pregnant women" and "Eating habits" and "Brazil" in English. After the adoption of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 studies were analyzed. Some studies targeted specific populations such as adolescents or non-obese pregnant women. The Food Frequency Questionnaire was the instrument most often used to investigate food consumption among pregnant women. The majority of the studies revealed that the diet of pregnant women needs improvement, especially due to the low consumption of fruit, greens and vegetables, and the high consumption of sugar, sweets and fats. Most studies concluded and reinforced the importance and need for nutritional education by prenatal professionals. More studies are needed to better understand these eating habits.

Os hábitos alimentares das mulheres grávidas são influenciados por diversos fatores, sendo essencial conhecê-los para poder realizar intervenções nutricionais na atenção pré-natal. O objetivo desta revisão integrativa foi analisar a produção bibliográfica sobre hábitos alimentares de gestantes brasileiras. Foram buscados artigos na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e na Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) utilizando os seguintes descritores: "Gestantes" OR "Grávidas" AND "Hábitos Alimentares" e os termos "Pregnant women" AND "Food habits" AND "Brazil" para busca em inglês. Após a adoção dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram analisados 18 estudos. Alguns estudos contemplaram populações específicas como adolescentes ou gestantes não obesas. O instrumento mais utilizado para investigação do consumo alimentar de gestantes foi o Questionário de Frequência Alimentar. A maioria mostrou que a dieta das gestantes precisa de melhorias, especialmente pelo baixo consumo de frutas, verduras e hortaliças, elevado consumo de açúcares, doces e gorduras. A maioria dos estudos concluiu e reforçou a importância e a necessidade da educação nutricional pelos profissionais atuantes no pré-natal. Mais estudos são necessários para compreensão mais acurada destes hábitos alimentares.

Hábitos alimentares das gestantes brasileiras: revisão integrativa da literatura / Eating habits of pregnant Brazilian women: an integrative review of the literature

Resumo Os hábitos alimentares das mulheres grávidas são influenciados por diversos fatores, sendo essencial conhecê-los para poder realizar intervenções nutricionais na atenção pré-natal. O objetivo desta revisão integrativa foi analisar a produção bibliográfica sobre hábitos alimentares de gestantes brasileiras. Foram buscados artigos na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e na Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) utilizando os seguintes descritores: "Gestantes" OR "Grávidas" AND "Hábitos Alimentares" e os termos "Pregnant women" AND "Food habits" AND "Brazil" para busca em inglês. Após a adoção dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram analisados 18 estudos. Alguns estudos contemplaram populações específicas como adolescentes ou gestantes não obesas. O instrumento mais utilizado para investigação do consumo alimentar de gestantes foi o Questionário de Frequência Alimentar. A maioria mostrou que a dieta das gestantes precisa de melhorias, especialmente pelo baixo consumo de frutas, verduras e hortaliças, elevado consumo de açúcares, doces e gorduras. A maioria dos estudos concluiu e reforçou a importância e a necessidade da educação nutricional pelos profissionais atuantes no pré-natal. Mais estudos são necessários para compreensão mais acurada destes hábitos alimentares.

Abstract The eating habits of pregnant women are influenced by several factors, and it is essential to understand them in order to establish nutritional interventions in prenatal care. The objective of this integrative review was to analyze the bibliographic production on the eating habits of pregnant Brazilian women. A search was conducted in the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases (SciELO) using the following key words: "Gestantes" or "Grávidas" and "Hábitos Alimentares" in Portuguese, and "Pregnant women" and "Eating habits" and "Brazil" in English. After the adoption of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 studies were analyzed. Some studies targeted specific populations such as adolescents or non-obese pregnant women. The Food Frequency Questionnaire was the instrument most often used to investigate food consumption among pregnant women. The majority of the studies revealed that the diet of pregnant women needs improvement, especially due to the low consumption of fruit, greens and vegetables, and the high consumption of sugar, sweets and fats. Most studies concluded and reinforced the importance and need for nutritional education by prenatal professionals. More studies are needed to better understand these eating habits.