Interet du dosage de l'homocysteine; de la vitamine B12 et de l'acide folique au cours des maladies cardiovasculaires en Cote d'Ivoire

Objectif : cette etude avait pour objectif d'apprecier les variations des concentrations seriques de l'homocysteine; de la vitamine B12 et de l'acide folique au cours des maladies cardiovasculaires en Cote d'Ivoire. Methodes : il s'agissait d'une etude transversale realisee chez 122 sujets des deux sexes; ages de plus de 18 ans; repartis en deux groupes. Un groupe de 30 sujets apparemment sains et un groupe de 92 patients atteints de maladies cardiovasculaires. Ce dernier groupe se composait comme suit : 30 patients atteints d'hypertension arterielle (HTA); 30 patients atteints d'accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC); 19 patients atteints d'infarctus du myocarde (IDM) et 13 patients atteints de thrombose veineuse peripherique (TVP). Des echantillons de sang ont ete preleves chez les sujets a jeun depuis la veille au soir (12 heures). Les plasmas obtenus apres traitement ont ete separes en aliquotes qui ont servi au dosage de l'homocysteine; de la vitamine B12 et de l'acide folique. Resultats : Au terme de notre etude; nous avons constate que : - la difference entre la proportion de patients atteints d'AVC ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie et celle des sujets sains ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie etait statistiquement significativement avec p=0;0409; - la difference entre la proportion de patients atteints d'IDM ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie et celle des sujets sains ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie etait statistiquement significativement avec p=0;0205; - 52;63 des sujets de l'etude ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie presentaient une carence en acide folique ;- le risque relatif des MCV etait superieur a 2. Conclusion : Cette etude montre que l'hyperhomocysteinemie observee chez les patients atteints de MCV en Cote d'Ivoire est due dans 52;63 des cas a une carence nutritionnelle; notamment en acide folique. Le dosage plasmatique de l'acide folique et de l'homocysteine chez les patients atteints de MCV en particulier et chez l'Ivoirienne en general pourrait aider a la prevention des MCV et reduire les recidives

[Gallstone biochemical characteristics using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method]. / Caractéristiques biochimiques des lithiases vésiculaires par spectrométrie infrarouge à Abidjan.

This study reports biochemical composition and morphological aspect of gallstones as investigated by spectroscopy IR method. Participants were 24 patients composed of 12 males and 12 females who underwent cholecystectomy with age mean of 44.8 years. The gallstones were classified either as pigments stones (n = 12), cholesterol stones (n = 8) or as mixed stones (n = 4) according to analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectroscopy quantification reported eight stones contained 100% of cholesterol, eight of 100% of calcium bilirubinate, four stones were composed of 65% calcium bilirubinate phosphate and 35% calcium carbonate, and four stones contained 65% cholesterol, 30% neutral calcium bilirubinate, 5% protein and traces of calcium bilirubinate acid. Our findings showed that most gallstones were composed of pigment stones with relative large proportion of cholesterol stones, whereas previous study in Caucasian reported predominance of cholesterol stones. These findings indicate the influence of diet and chronic haemolysis in the stones formation in regard to biochemical composition differences between those found in European area and our results. Therefore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method allowed to determine quality and quantity of biochemical components of gallstones. Therefore, a careful survey must allow knowing the nutritional and environmental factors in the occurrence of gallstones to Côte d'Ivoire, in order to prevent this disease.

[Interest of antioxidants in the care of the patients infected by the HIV: the experience of long term administration of Alternanthera pungens herb tea]. / Intérêt des antioxydants dans la prise en charge des patients infectés par le VIH : apport de la consommation régulière de tisane d'Alternanthera pungens.

UNLABELLED: The objective of this study was to evaluate the interest of regular consumption of an antioxidant-containing herb tea in the care of HIV-patients. We conducted a 24 month prospective study in 30 patients clinically asymptomatic, infected by the VIH1, with a rate of CD4 above 200/mm3, and naive of any antiretroviral treatment. Every patient received a supplementation in antioxidants by drinking every two days during twelve monthsherb tea issued from Alternanthera pungens. Venous sampling of blood was used to measure biomarkers of oxidative (malondialdehyde - MDA - and advanced oxidation protein end products - AOPP), T lymphocytes, amimotransferases and creatinine. RESULTS: We observed: (1) a significant decree (p < 0,001) in plama levels of studied biomarkers of oxidative stress (AOPP and MDA); (2) a significant increase (p < 0,001) of T CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and (3) the lack of biological hepatic and renal toxicity by the regular consumption of the herb tea. In conclusion, we showed that consumption taking of natural antioxidants through Alternanthera pungens herb tea may lead to significant increase T lymphocytes and decrease in biomarkers of oxidative stress, and might help in the prevention of the opportunist diseases by maintaining blood lymphocytes CD4/CD8 rate.

[Study of lipoprotein (a) phenotypes in Ivorian subject]. / Etude du phénotype de la lipoprotéine (a) chez l'Ivoirien.

The objective of this study was to identify the apo (a) phenotypes and to find a correlation between apo (a) isoform size and Lp (a) plasma level in Ivorian subjects. This study involved 30 healthy subjects (11 females and 19 males) aged of 35 +/- 2 years. Lp (a) plasma levels have been determined by technical ELISA, while phenotypes of apo (a) have been identified by agarose high resolution electrophoresis followed by Western blot. The Lp (a) plasma level in our population was 329 +/- 291 mg/l and 30% of our population's Lp (a) plasma levels were above 300 mg/l. 70% of our subjects have homozygous phenotype and 30% have heterozygous phenotype. Three apo (a) isoforms (S2, S3, S4) have been identified in homozygous subjects whereas four apo (a) isoforms (B, S2, S3, S4) have been detected in heterozygous subjects. Their sizes varied from 13 to 33 kringle 4.77% of our subjects had apo (a) isoforms whose sizes were above 22 kringle 4. No correlation has been observed between the size of apo (a) isoforms and the Lp (a) plasma level in homozygous subjects. Our results highlight apo (a) polymorphism in Ivorians. Homozygous phenotypes and large size apo (a) isoforms predominate in this population.

[Lipoprotein profile of patients infected with HIV in Côte d'Ivoire]. / Etude du profil lipidoprotéinique des sujets infectés par le VIH en Côte d'Ivoire.

Aids is a cachexysing disease which is striking Africa. Côte d'Ivoire with its 12% seroprevalence is paying a heavy tribute to this pandemia. The course of the disease is characterized by the occurrence of immunological and biochemical disorders. The aim of this study is to offer African practitioners, clinicians and biologists some biochimical parameters that would help them to follow up people infected with HIV. The authors determined the lipoprotein profile in 204 people (112 Aids patients, 61 HIV infected asymptomatics and 31 controls seronegative to HIV), of both sexes aged 17 to 70 years old. The results show a relatively high level of triglyceridemia, a decreased level of total cholesterol, apoproteins A1 and B and a hypergammaglobulinemia with concomitant and significant increase in the level of orosomucoide as a stigmate of inflammation. These data could help practitioners who lack CD4/CD8 count and viral load monitoring in the follow up of their AIDS patients.

Chromatographie des acides amines urinaires chez l'enfant malnutri en Cote d'Ivoire

L'etude chromatographique des acides amines urinaires chez l'enfant malnutri a abouti aux constatations suivantes : le tryptophane pourrait etre considere comme un indicateur biologique de la malnutrition proteino-calorifique (M.P.C.); la triade tryptophane-isoleucine-arginine semble caracteriser les MPC et egalement les cas de deces dus a cette affection