RESUMO
Enolase (ENO) 1 is a key glycolytic enzyme and important player in tumorigenesis. ENO1 overexpression has been correlated with tumor progression and/or worse prognosis in several solid malignancies. However, data concerning the impact of ENO1 in cancer conflict. The study correlated local and circulating ENO1 protein levels in esophageal cancer (EC) with clinicopathological data, to assess its potential clinical value. ENO1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in paired tumor and non-tumor tissue samples from 40 EC cases and mucosal biopsies from 45 Barrett's esophagus (BE) cases, plus in plasma from these patients and 25 matched healthy controls. ENO1 was abnormally elevated in cancer-cell cytoplasm in both EC types, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and in adenocarcinoma (EAC), increasing significantly with tumor stage progression and the transition from BE to EAC. EAC patients exhibited significantly lower ENO1 plasma concentrations than normal subjects. Neither local nor systemic ENO1 expression levels were significantly associated with overall survival. These results indicate ENO1 as potential biomarker, delineating a population of patients with Barrett's esophagus at high risk of cancer, and as new therapeutic opportunity in EC patient management. However, further confirmation might be necessary.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Esôfago de Barrett/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/genética , Fosfopiruvato Hidratase/genética , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Adenocarcinoma/sangue , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Esôfago de Barrett/sangue , Esôfago de Barrett/diagnóstico , Esôfago de Barrett/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Biópsia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Progressão da Doença , Mucosa Esofágica/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/sangue , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/sangue , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/mortalidade , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de NeoplasiasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To evaluate cataract surgical outcomes in four rural districts of Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Post-cataract surgery patients sampled randomly from facilities in four rural districts of Ha Tinh Province >3 months after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative visual acuity (VA), visual function and quality of life. RESULTS: Among 412 patients, the mean age was 74.5 ± 9.4 years, 67% (276) were female, and 377 (91.5%) received intraocular lenses (IOL). Nearly two-thirds of patients had no postoperative visits after discharge. Postoperatively, more than 40% of eyes had presenting VA <6/18, while 20% remained <6/60. The mean self-reported visual function and quality of life for all patients were 68.7 ± 23.8 and 73.8 ± 21.6, respectively. Most patients (89.5%) were satisfied with surgery and the majority (94.4%) would recommend surgery to others. One-third of patients paid ≥$US50 for surgery. In multiple regression modelling, older age (P < 0.01), intraoperative complications (P < 0.01) and failure to receive an IOL (P < 0.01) were associated with postoperative VA <6/60. CONCLUSION: Satisfaction with surgery was high, and many patients were willing to pay for their operations. Poor visual outcomes were common; however, and better surgical training is needed to reduce complications and their impact on visual outcomes. More intensive postoperative follow-up may also be beneficial.