Niveles de vitamina D en adultos mayores saludables chilenos y su relación con desempeño functional / Vitamin D levels in older healthy Chilean adults and their association with functional performance

Background: People over 60 years old are at risk of Vitamin D deficiency, which can affect functional performance, since this vitamin is involved in muscle function and protein synthesis. Aim: To measure 25OH vitamin D levels in healthy older people from Santiago de Chile, and evaluate their relationship with functional performance. Subjects and Methods: Healthy subjects aged 60 years or more and living in the community were invited to participate. People with chronic diseases, cognitive impairment, physical disability, smokers and those consuming more than three medications per day were excluded. Hand grip and gait speed were measured and a blood sample was obtained to measure 25OH vitamin D by radioimmunoanalysis. Results: One hundred and four participants aged 60 to 98 years (55% females) were studied. Mean vitamin D levels were 17.3 ± 6.1 ng/mL. Females had lower levels than males (15.6 ± 5.8 and 19.2 ± 6.0 ng/mL respectively p < 0.01). Eighty three percent of females and 55.3% of males had values below 20 ng/mL (the cutoff point for deficiency). Only 3.5% of females and 8.5% of males had values of 30 ng/ml or higher. There was a significant correlation between vitamin D levels, gait speed and grip strength (r = 0.32 and 0.34 respectively, p < 0.01), especially in women over 74 years. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is almost universal in healthy adults over 60 years living in Santiago de Chile, especially in women. This deficiency is associated with a deranged functional performance and is a potentially modifiable risk factor for disability.

[Vitamin D levels in older healthy Chilean adults and their association with functional performance]. / Niveles de vitamina D en adultos mayores saludables chilenos y su relación con desempeño functional.

BACKGROUND: People over 60 years old are at risk of Vitamin D deficiency, which can affect functional performance, since this vitamin is involved in muscle function and protein synthesis. AIM: To measure 25OH vitamin D levels in healthy older people from Santiago de Chile, and evaluate their relationship with functional performance. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Healthy subjects aged 60 years or more and living in the community were invited to participate. People with chronic diseases, cognitive impairment, physical disability, smokers and those consuming more than three medications per day were excluded. Hand grip and gait speed were measured and a blood sample was obtained to measure 25OH vitamin D by radioimmunoanalysis. RESULTS: One hundred and four participants aged 60 to 98 years (55% females) were studied. Mean vitamin D levels were 17.3 ± 6.1 ng/mL. Females had lower levels than males (15.6 ± 5.8 and 19.2 ± 6.0 ng/mL respectively p < 0.01). Eighty three percent of females and 55.3% of males had values below 20 ng/mL (the cutoff point for deficiency). Only 3.5% of females and 8.5% of males had values of 30 ng/ml or higher. There was a significant correlation between vitamin D levels, gait speed and grip strength (r = 0.32 and 0.34 respectively, p < 0.01), especially in women over 74 years. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is almost universal in healthy adults over 60 years living in Santiago de Chile, especially in women. This deficiency is associated with a deranged functional performance and is a potentially modifiable risk factor for disability.

Población de 80 y más años en Chile: una visión preliminar desde el punto de vista epidemiológico / Aged 80 And over populAtion in Chile:A preliminary epidemiological Approach

Chile está en fase avanzada de transición epidemiológica predominando las enfermedades crónicas como problemas de salud. La creciente expectativa de vida al nacer ha permitido configurar una numerosa cohorte de adultos de 80 años y más que superó su expectativa al nacer. El análisis de este subgrupo, es indispensable para el adecuado cuidado de su salud. La alta mortalidad de este grupo deriva de enfermedades circulatorias, tumorales y respiratorias. Los AVISA complementan la información epidemiológica de este grupo, agregando a las patologías señaladas otras condiciones específicas que orientan mejor a identificar sus prioridades en salud. La Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-10, por el carácter inclusivo de su muestra, revela en este grupo de edad el predominio de las enfermedades crónicas (hipertensión arterial, diabetes, dislipidemias) y de sus factores de riesgo. Se pesquisan altos niveles de deterioro cognitivo, de hipotiroidismo y de síntomas músculoesqueléticos, persistiendo rezagos de factores de riesgo conductuales (tabaco, alcohol). La cobertura efectiva de las enfermedades crónicas prevalentes debe constituirse en un objetivo clínico a mejorar en este grupo de edad.

Chile is facing an advanced epidemiological transition process with non communicable diseases (NCD) as a main health problem by 2010. Due to an increasing trend in life expectancy at birth and better living conditions, a large cohort of elderly people 80 or more exceeded largely their original life expectancy. To adjust the health care of this particular subpopulation is mandatory to describe their particular characteristics. The observed high mortality rate of this group is mainly explained by cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms and respiratory diseases. Health indexes like DALY´sexpand the scope of health problems of frail elderly, adding additional information about health conditions who allows a better setting in order to identify main health priorities of this group. Due to their comprehensive sampling design, the Chilean health survey 2009-10 could confirm the importance of NCD (hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia) and their main risk factors in this age group. High prevalences of cognitive impairment, hypothyroidism and musculoskeletal symptoms were detected among 80 or more years old population, remaining behavioural risk factors (eg. alcohol and tobacco consumption) as delayed health problems. Improving coverage, screening and better clinical control are high-priority tasks for this particular age group.