Tumores de los nervios periféricos: estudio retrospectivo de 66 casos / Peripheral nerve tumours: A 66-case retrospective study

ANTECEDENTES/OBJETIVOS: Los tumores de los nervios periféricos son lesiones poco frecuentes que se categorizan en general dentro de los tumores de partes blandas, por lo que suelen ser manejados por diferentes disciplinas quirúrgicas, como cirugía plástica, cirugía ortopédica y traumatológica, dermatología, cirugía general y neurocirugía. Un conocimiento apropiado en cuanto a la indicación terapéutica y el manejo quirúrgico es fundamental de cara a evitar un déficit neurológico en el paciente. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio restrospectivo donde se presenta la experiencia conjunta de 2 equipos quirúrgicos especializados en la cirugía de los nervios periféricos, 66 lesiones tumorales, en un total de 64 pacientes. RESULTADOS: La localización más frecuente fue el miembro inferior y el miembro superior con 48 lesiones tumorales. El diagnóstico anatomopatológico más frecuente fue el de schwannoma, con un 51,5%. La resección tumoral completa se logró en el 81,8% de las lesiones y siempre con estimulación o monitorización neurofisiológica. La complicación posquirúrgica más frecuente fue el dolor neuropático o un trastorno sensitivo transitorio en el 15% de las cirugías, apareciendo solo un déficit motor persistente en 2 casos que requirieron reconstrucción con injerto nervioso. CONCLUSIONES: Si bien el manejo terapéutico de los tumores benignos como los schwannomas puede considerarse relativamente sencillo aplicando los conceptos básicos en microcirugía de los nervios periféricos, los tumores malignos, si bien son muy infrecuentes, requieren de un manejo multidisciplinar. La opción de la biopsia prequirúrgica a día de hoy sigue siendo un tema controvertido y sin acuerdo entre los diferentes autores; en nuestra opinión, no es necesaria su realización de forma percutánea en la mayoría de los casos

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Peripheral nerve tumours (PNT) are rare lesions that are generally categorised as soft tissue tumours, so they are usually managed by a range of surgical disciplines such as plastic, orthopaedic and trauma surgery, dermatology, general surgery and neurosurgery. Appropriate knowledge of the therapeutic indication and surgical management are essential in order to avoid neurological deficit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 66 tumour lesions in 64 patients, acquired from the joint experience of 2 surgical teams specialised in peripheral nerve surgery. RESULTS: The most common location was the lower limb and upper limb with 48 tumour lesions. The most common pathological diagnosis was Schwannoma, accounting for 51.5%. Complete tumour resection was achieved in 81.8% of the lesions and always with neurophysiological stimulation and/or monitoring. The most common postsurgical complication was neuropathic pain and/or a transient sensory disorder in 15% of surgeries, with only one persistent motor deficit appearing in 2cases that required nerve graft reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Although the therapeutic management of benign tumours such as Schwannomas can be considered to be relatively simple thanks to the application of the basic concepts of peripheral nerve microsurgery, malignant tumors, despite being very rare, require multidisciplinary management. The option of pre-surgical biopsy remains a controversial issue and no consensus has been reached among the different authors. In our opinion, percutaneous biopsy is not necessary in most cases

Neuroendoscopic biopsy: analysis of a series of 80 patients.

Neuroendoscopy enables diagnostic biopsy of intraventricular and/or paraventricular tumors and the simultaneous treatment of associated hydrocephalus in selected cases. The objective of this paper was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of this procedure. This retrospective study included 80 patients between 2 months and 78 years old diagnosed with intraventricular and/or paraventricular expansive lesion who underwent neuroendoscopic biopsy from 2004 to 2016. Collected variables were gender, age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, tumor location, surgical technique, management of hydrocephalus, pathological findings, procedure-related complications, and follow-up time. Neuroendoscopic biopsy was performed in 80 patients. Mean age at diagnosis was 27 years, and 52.5% were men. According to the Depreitere Classification, 71 were level I (conclusive diagnosis), 1 level III (problematic categorization), and 8 level IV (non-interpretable diagnosis). The most frequent diagnosis was grade I astrocytoma (14%). Diagnostic success per patient was 88.7%. Sixty-nine patients had hydrocephalus at diagnosis, 37 of whom were treated with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), with septostomy (SPT) in 14, and only SPT in 4. Twenty-eight patients underwent ventricular peritoneal shunt (VPS), with SPT in 20. The ETV success rate was 70.9%. The complication rate per patient was 11%: five patients presented intraventricular hemorrhage, three of whom died; one patient presented cerebrospinal fluid fistula; three presented transient oculomotor impairment. Postoperative follow-up was from 1 month to 12.4 years (mean 45 months). Neuroendoscopy is an effective procedure for the pathological diagnosis of intraventricular and paraventricular tumors, allowing the treatment of associated hydrocephalus. Nevertheless, it is not exempt from serious complications and requires proper training.

Peripheral nerve tumours: A 66-case retrospective study. / Tumores de los nervios periféricos: estudio retrospectivo de 66 casos.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Peripheral nerve tumours (PNT) are rare lesions that are generally categorised as soft tissue tumours, so they are usually managed by a range of surgical disciplines such as plastic, orthopaedic and trauma surgery, dermatology, general surgery and neurosurgery. Appropriate knowledge of the therapeutic indication and surgical management are essential in order to avoid neurological deficit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 66 tumour lesions in 64 patients, acquired from the joint experience of 2surgical teams specialised in peripheral nerve surgery. RESULTS: The most common location was the lower limb and upper limb with 48 tumour lesions. The most common pathological diagnosis was Schwannoma, accounting for 51.5%. Complete tumour resection was achieved in 81.8% of the lesions and always with neurophysiological stimulation and/or monitoring. The most common postsurgical complication was neuropathic pain and/or a transient sensory disorder in 15% of surgeries, with only one persistent motor deficit appearing in 2cases that required nerve graft reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Although the therapeutic management of benign tumours such as Schwannomas can be considered to be relatively simple thanks to the application of the basic concepts of peripheral nerve microsurgery, malignant tumors, despite being very rare, require multidisciplinary management. The option of pre-surgical biopsy remains a controversial issue and no consensus has been reached among the different authors. In our opinion, percutaneous biopsy is not necessary in most cases.

The phrenic nerve as a donor for brachial plexus injuries: is it safe and effective? Case series and literature analysis.

BACKGROUND: Controversy exists surrounding the use of the phrenic nerve for transfer in severe brachial plexus injuries. The objectives of this study are: (1) to present the experience of the authors using the phrenic nerve in a single institution; and (2) to thoroughly review the existing literature to date. METHODS: Adult patients with C5-D1 and C5-C8 lesions and a phrenic nerve transfer were retrospectively included. Patients with follow-up shorter than 18 months were excluded. The MRC muscle strength grading system was used to rate the outcome. Clinical repercussions relating to sectioning of the phrenic nerve were studied. An intense rehabilitation program was started after surgery, and compliance to this program was monitored using a previously described scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the obtained data. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were included. The mean time between trauma and surgery was 5.7 months. Three-quarters of the patients had C5-D1, with the remainder C5-C8. Mean post-operative follow-up was 32.5 months A MRC of M4 was achieved in 62.7% patients, M3 21.6%, M2 in 3.9%, and M1 in 11.8%. The only significant differences between the two groups were in graft length (9.8 vs. 15.1 cm, p = 0.01); and in the rehabilitation compliance score (2.86 vs. 2.00, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Results of phrenic nerve transfer are predictable and good, especially if the grafts are short and the rehabilitation is adequate. It may adversely affect respiratory function tests, but this rarely correlates clinically. Contraindications to the use of the phrenic nerve exist and should be respected.

Endoscopic endonasal resection of clival xanthoma: case report and literature review.

Bone xanthoma is an extremely rare and benign tumor in terms of its nature and growth over time. We describe the first case coexisting with ventriculomegaly secondary to aqueduct stenosis (non-tumoral hydrocephalus), the second xanthoma of the clivus described to date. The patient was a 51-year-old woman with headaches and absence seizures. Axial T1-weighted MRI showed a well-demarcated, hypointense, osteolytic, 25 × 18 × 15 mm lesion with cortical erosion located at the right margin of the clivus. Sagittal T2-weighted MRI demonstrated a hypointense mass without associated edema. Sagittal gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MRI showed contrast uptake with a partially hypointense rim. The increased ventricular size without periventricular edema was associated with aqueduct stenosis, and there was no contiguity with the tumor. A neuronavigation image-guided transsphenoidal approach was chosen to perform a macroscopically complete resection. Intraoperative histopathological study showed a chordoma of the clivus. Exhaustive postsurgical study revealed the benign nature of a bone xanthoma. Given the finding of a clival lesion, the differential diagnosis is essentially with other malignant entities with a rapidly fatal outcome, such as metastases, or with a possible invasive evolution, such as clivus chordomas. This report describes the clinical, radiological, and pathological keys for such differentiation in order to avoid unnecessarily aggressive treatment with ablative surgery and radiotherapy.

Plexopatía braquial compresiva por necrosis grasa encapsulada supraclavicular. Caso clínico / Brachial plexus compression from supraclavicular encapsulated fat necrosis. A case report

Se presenta el caso clínico de un varón de 44 años de edad, sin antecedentes de interés, intervenido quirúrgicamente en nuestro servicio de una lesión ocupante de espacio supraclavicular diagnosticada tras un cuadro de un mes de evolución de paresia distal progresiva del miembro superior izquierdo. Tras el análisis histológico de la lesión resecada el diagnóstico fue de necrosis grasa encapsulada. Dicha entidad se caracteriza a nivel histológico por presentar una estructura quística, encapsulada, con necrosis grasa en su interior e infiltrado inflamatorio en su pared. La compresión de estructuras nerviosas secundaria a esta lesión tumoral es excepcional, la cual suele localizarse en miembros inferiores, especialmente en zonas expuestas a traumatismos. En el presente trabajo se expone el primer caso descrito de compresión supraclavicular del plexo braquial a consecuencia de una necrosis grasa

We report the case of a 44-year-old male, lacking clinical history of previous illness, who had surgery at our hospital to treat a mass in the supraclavicular space. The patient presented with a 1-month progressive distal paresis of the left arm. The histo-pathological examination of the mass revealed an encapsulated fat necrosis. Fat necrosis is characterised bycystic architecture, encapsulation with fat necrosis within, and inflammatory infiltration of its walls. Neural structure compression secondary to this tumour mass is very rare. Fatnecrosis is more frequent in the lower limbs, in areas exposed to trauma. This article is the first report of brachial plexus compression due to supraclavicular fat necrosis

[Brachial plexus compression from supraclavicular encapsulated fat necrosis. A case report]. / Plexopatía braquial compresiva por necrosis grasa encapsulada supraclavicular. Caso clínico.

We report the case of a 44-year-old male, lacking clinical history of previous illness, who had surgery at our hospital to treat a mass in the supraclavicular space. The patient presented with a 1-month progressive distal paresis of the left arm. The histo-pathological examination of the mass revealed an encapsulated fat necrosis. Fat necrosis is characterised by cystic architecture, encapsulation with fat necrosis within, and inflammatory infiltration of its walls. Neural structure compression secondary to this tumour mass is very rare. Fat necrosis is more frequent in the lower limbs, in areas exposed to trauma. This article is the first report of brachial plexus compression due to supraclavicular fat necrosis.

Clinical usefulness of coregistered 11C-methionine positron emission tomography/3-T magnetic resonance imaging at the follow-up of acromegaly.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to characterize the utility of coregistered 11C-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) with 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (3T MRI) in the diagnosis and follow-up of pituitary adenomas in patients with acromegaly and to compare MET-PET and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose emission tomography (FDG-PET) for the evaluation of active or recurrent disease. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study. It included a total of 17 patients, 6 patients with a new diagnosis of acromegaly and 11 patients who had previously undergone resection of a confirmed growth hormone-secreting adenoma. The study protocol consisted of preoperative and postoperative evaluation with 3T MRI, and both MET-PET and FDG-PET. Coregistration of 3T MRI/MET-PET was accomplished. RESULTS: In all patients who underwent preoperative imaging, MET-PET demonstrated increased uptake coincident with location of the pituitary lesion on 3T MRI. In the postoperative group, the coregistered 3T MRI/MET-PET demonstrated evidence of residual tumor in all patients with active disease. MET-PET sensitivity was 86% and specificity was 86% for the diagnosis of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: MET-PET is a sensitive technique for diagnosing persistent acromegaly, and its coregistration with 3T MRI has demonstrated a better definition of the interface, extension, and location of the lesion in the management of active postoperative acromegaly.

Fascitis craneal: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / No disponible

La fascitis craneal es una lesión miofibroblástica benigna infrecuente, de rápido crecimiento, localizada en el cráneo y de aparición preferente en niños durante el primer año de vida. Histológicamente es similar a la fascitis nodular o a la fascitis seudosarcomatosa. Puede mimetizar patologías más agresivas, como histiocitosis o sarcomas, por su rápido crecimiento de forma nodular en el tejido subcutáneo. La resección completa se considera curativa y tiene bajo riesgo de metástasis o de malignización. En el presente trabajo se presenta el caso de un varón de 4 años con fascitis en tejido celular subcutáneo craneal con erosión de la tabla externa y reacción perióstica circundante, respetando las meninges. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la ausencia de necesidad de tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia o quimioterapia. Se lleva a cabo, además, una revisión de la literatura (AU)

[Cranial fasciitis: a case report and review of the literature]. / Fascitis craneal: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.

Cranial fasciitis is an uncommon, rapidly-growing, benign, non-tumoural, myofibroblastic lesion of the skull, found mainly among young children in their first year of life. It is histologically similar to nodular fasciitis and pseudosarcomatous fasciitis. It may mimic more aggressive pathologies, such as sarcomatosis or histiocytosis, due to its rapid, nodular growth in subcutaneous tissue. Complete resection is considered curative and, therefore, entails a low risk of metastases or malignant recurrences. We present the clinical, radiological and pathological findings in a 4-year-old boy with cranial fasciitis in the deep, subcutaneous, soft tissue, with erosion of the outer table of the cranium, which also produced periosteal reaction, while respecting the inner table and meninges. The objective of this article is to highlight the absence of radiotherapeutic or chemotherapeutic adjuvant treatment. In addition, an exhaustive review of the literature is also presented.

Síndrome del outlet torácico: una patología siempre quirúrgica? / Thoracic outlet syndrome: an always surgical entity?

Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los resultados obtenidos en una serie de cirugías realizadas en esta patología. Material y métodos: se analizaron todos los casos de cirugías de nervios efectuados en el período 2003-2012, separando los casos con diagnóstico de outlet torácico operados con un período de seguimiento postoperatorio mínimo de 6 meses. Se buscaron los siguientes datos: edad, sexo, presencia de síntomas sensitivos y/o motores, tipo de outlet (verdadero o disputado), resultado de los estudios neurofisiológicos y de imágenes, resultado de la cirugía, complicaciones postoperatorias y recidivas. Resultados: se incluyeron 31 cirugías realizadas en 30 pacientes, 9 con diagnóstico de OTV (8 mujeres) con un promedio de edad fue de 24.3 años, y 21 con OTD (18 mujeres) de 37.4 años en promedio. Un 90% de todos los casos de outlet presentaron alteraciones neurofisiológicas preoperatorios, y los estadios imagenológicos fueron anormales en 66.6%. Una vez realizada la exploración, el 100% de los OTV presentó una alteración anatómica claramente relacionada con la sintomatología, hecho observado sólo en el 36.7% de los OTD operados. El 87.5% de los OTV mejoraron sus síntomas sensitivos luego de la cirugía, mientras que 77.7% mejoraron desde el punto de vista motor. Por el contrario, 45.4% de los OTD mejoraron permanentemente, 36.3% no tuvieron cambios, 13.6% mejoraron transitoriamente y 405% (un caso) empeoró. Las complicaciones postoperatorias fueron más frecuentes aunque transitorias en el grupo de OTV (3 casos sobre 9 operados, 33.3%) que en los OTD (3 casos sobre 22, un 13.6%). Conclusión: el OTV es una patología infrecuente cuyo tratamiento quirúrgico suele evolucionar favorablemente. En cambio, el OTD constituye un diagnóstico de exclusión y su tratamiento quirúrgico da un resultado bueno aunque inferior al del OTV. (AU)

Síndrome del outlet torácico: una patología siempre quirúrgica? / Thoracic outlet syndrome: an always surgical entity?

Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los resultados obtenidos en una serie de cirugías realizadas en esta patología. Material y métodos: se analizaron todos los casos de cirugías de nervios efectuados en el período 2003-2012, separando los casos con diagnóstico de outlet torácico operados con un período de seguimiento postoperatorio mínimo de 6 meses. Se buscaron los siguientes datos: edad, sexo, presencia de síntomas sensitivos y/o motores, tipo de outlet (verdadero o disputado), resultado de los estudios neurofisiológicos y de imágenes, resultado de la cirugía, complicaciones postoperatorias y recidivas. Resultados: se incluyeron 31 cirugías realizadas en 30 pacientes, 9 con diagnóstico de OTV (8 mujeres) con un promedio de edad fue de 24.3 años, y 21 con OTD (18 mujeres) de 37.4 años en promedio. Un 90% de todos los casos de outlet presentaron alteraciones neurofisiológicas preoperatorios, y los estadios imagenológicos fueron anormales en 66.6%. Una vez realizada la exploración, el 100% de los OTV presentó una alteración anatómica claramente relacionada con la sintomatología, hecho observado sólo en el 36.7% de los OTD operados. El 87.5% de los OTV mejoraron sus síntomas sensitivos luego de la cirugía, mientras que 77.7% mejoraron desde el punto de vista motor. Por el contrario, 45.4% de los OTD mejoraron permanentemente, 36.3% no tuvieron cambios, 13.6% mejoraron transitoriamente y 405% (un caso) empeoró. Las complicaciones postoperatorias fueron más frecuentes aunque transitorias en el grupo de OTV (3 casos sobre 9 operados, 33.3%) que en los OTD (3 casos sobre 22, un 13.6%). Conclusión: el OTV es una patología infrecuente cuyo tratamiento quirúrgico suele evolucionar favorablemente. En cambio, el OTD constituye un diagnóstico de exclusión y su tratamiento quirúrgico da un resultado bueno aunque inferior al del OTV.

Lesiones traumáticas aisladas del nervio axilar. Experiencia en 4 casos de transferencia nerviosa radial y revisión de la literatura / Isolated traumatic injuries of the axillary nerve. Radial nerve transfer in four cases and literatura review

Objetivos: Analizar los resultados de una serie de 4 casos de lesión traumática aislada de nervio axilar reparada quirúrgicamente mediante neurotización radial. Asimismo se realiza una extensa revisión de las series publicadas hasta la actualidad en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la parálisis traumática aislada del nervio axilar. Material y métodos Presentamos una serie de 4 pacientes, con edades comprendidas entre los 21 y los 42 años, con una lesión traumática aislada de nervio axilar, intervenidos quirúrgicamente entre enero de 2007 y junio de 2010. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a una transferencia nerviosa radial-axilar entre el sexto y el octavo mes del traumatismo. Además, se realiza una revisión de las series quirúrgicas de lesión aislada del nervio axilar desde 1982.ResultadosTras un periodo de seguimiento mínimo de un año todos los pacientes mejoraron la abducción del hombro afecto entre 30 y 120°, con un promedio de 70°, mostrando un balance muscular M4 del Medical Research Council. Ninguno refirió debilidad muscular significativa en el tríceps ipsilateral a la lesión. Estos resultados, a pesar de la escasa casuística, son (..) (AU)

Objective: To analyze the results of an initial series of four cases of traumatic injuries of the axillary nerve, treated by a nerve transfer from the triceps long branch of the radial nerve. An extensive analysis of the literature has also been made. Materials and methods: Four patients aged between 21 and 42 years old presenting an isolated traumatic palsy of the axillary nerve were operated between January 2007 and June 2010.All cases were treated by nerve transfer six to eight months after the trauma. The results of these cases are analysed, the same as the axillary nerve injuries series presented in the literature from 1982.Results: One year after the surgery, all patients improved their abduction a mean of70◦(range30 to 120◦), showing a M4 in the British Medical Council Scale. No patient complained of (..) (AU)

[Isolated traumatic injuries of the axillary nerve. Radial nerve transfer in four cases and literatura review]. / Lesiones traumáticas aisladas del nervio axilar. Experiencia en 4 casos de transferencia nerviosa radial y revisión de la literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of an initial series of four cases of traumatic injuries of the axillary nerve, treated by a nerve transfer from the triceps long branch of the radial nerve. An extensive analysis of the literature has also been made. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four patients aged between 21 and 42 years old presenting an isolated traumatic palsy of the axillary nerve were operated between January 2007 and June 2010. All cases were treated by nerve transfer six to eight months after the trauma. The results of these cases are analyzed, the same as the axillary nerve injuries series presented in the literature from 1982. RESULTS: One year after the surgery, all patients improved their abduction a mean of 70° (range 30 to 120°), showing a M4 in the British Medical Council Scale. No patient complained of triceps weakness after the procedure. These results are similar to those published employing primary grafting for the axillary nerve. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated injuries of the axillary nerve should be treated with surgery when spontaneous recovery is not verified 6 months after the trauma. Primary repair with grafts is the most popular surgical technique, with a rate of success of approximately 90%. The preliminary results of a nerve transfer employing the long triceps branch are similar, and a definite comparison of both techniques with a bigger number of cases should be done in the future.

Ciatalgia secundaria a endometriosis extrapélvica del músculo piriforme. A propósito de un caso / No disponible

Objetivos Mostrar un caso de compresión sintomática del nervio ciático derecho a nivel de la escotadura ciática secundaria a una endometriosis en el músculo piriforme y realizar una revisión de los casos publicados en la literatura. Material y métodos Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 29 años con un cuadro de ciática derecha crónica de 2 años de evolución: el primer año episódica y coincidente con la menstruación, el segundo año constante y con un trastorno de la marcha por debilidad de la musculatura dependiente del músculo ciático. Como causa de la mononeuropatía (demostrada por estudio neurofisiológico) se objetivó en RM y PET una masa a nivel de la escotadura ciática con un aumento del metabolismo de las estructuras adyacentes. Con la finalidad de liberar el nervio y obtener muestra para diagnóstico histológico se decidió intervenir quirúrgicamente a la paciente. Resultados Se procedió a un abordaje transglúteo, neurólisis externa del nervio ciático y resección de un (..) (AU)

[Sciatica secondary to extrapelvic endometriosis affecting the piriformis muscle. Case report]. / Ciatalgia secundaria a endometriosis extrapélvica del músculo piriforme. A propósito de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: We present a case report of symptomatic compression of the right sciatic nerve notch, secondary to piriformis muscle endometriosis, as well as a literature review. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We report the case of a 29-year-old woman with 2-year evolution of right chronic sciatica. During the first year, symptoms were episodic and associated with menstruation. During the second year, sciatica was constant and associated with gait disorder due to sciatic musculature weakness. Mononeuropathy was proved by a neurophysiological study, with MRI and PET studies revealing a mass in the sciatic notch and regional pathological increase in metabolic activity. Surgical treatment was performed in order to release the nerve and obtain a histological sample. RESULTS: The patient was treated by a transgluteal approach, with external neurolysis of the sciatic nerve and resection of an old-blood cyst at the level of the piriformis muscle. This was subsequently reported as endometriosis by histological examination. The sciatica was resolved after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Extrapelvic sciatic nerve compression by adjacent endometriosis is very infrequent. Muscle denervation and lack of a histological diagnosis led to surgical exploration of the compression area in order to release the nerve, resect the cause of compression and obtain a definitive diagnosis. The procedure improved all symptoms.

[Primary prophylaxis of early seizures after surgery of cerebral supratentorial tumors: Group for the Study of Functional-Sterotactic Neurosurgery of The Spain Society of Neurosurgery recommendations]. / Control de las crisis epilépticas durante el postoperatorio inmediato de los tumores cerebrales supratentoriales: recomendaciones del Grupo de Neurocirugía Funcional y Estereotáctica de la Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía.

Our review of the literature is basically focused on the primary prophylaxis of early seizures after surgery of cerebral supratentorial tumors, with the aim of suggesting several recommendations in medical antiepileptic treatment to avoid this kind of seizures which occur immediately after surgery. In conclusion, it is recommended to provide criteria for prophylaxis of early seizures after surgery of cerebral supratentorial tumors. It́s recommended a one week treatment with antiepileptic drugs in patients who didnt have seizures jet, starting immediately after the surgical treatment. If seizures appear during progress of the disease, a large period treatment will be needed. Preferred antiepileptic treatment is intravenous and with a low interactions profile. Levetiracetam, followed by valproic acid seem to be most appropriated drugs due to their properties and protective effects, particularly for our patients requirements. These recommendations are considered a general proposal to effective clinical management of early seizures after surgery, not taking into account the single circumstances of our patients. Always, clinical features of the patients could modify even significantly these guides in the benefit of each patient.

Control de las crisis epilépticas durante el postoperatorio inmediato de los tumores cerebrales supratentoriales: recomendaciones del Grupo de Neurocirugía Funcional y Estereotáctica de la Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía / Primary prophylaxis of early seizures after surgery of cerebral supratentorial tumors: Group for the Study of Functional-Sterotactic Neurosurgery of The Spain Society of Neurosurgery recommendations

Con la finalidad de proponer una serie de recomendaciones del tratamiento médico antiepiléptico, en el perioperatorio de los tumores cerebrales supratentoriales, se realiza una revisión de la literatura enfocada sobre todo a la profilaxis primaria de las crisis epilépticas precoces acaecidas en el postoperatorio inmediato. Se concluye que es recomendable pautar profilaxis primaria antiepiléptica poscirugía durante una semana en los pacientes con tumor cerebral supratentorial que no han presentado crisis epilépticas. Si las crisis aparecen durante la evolución de la enfermedad, es necesario pautar un tratamiento a largo plazo. Dadas las características de estos pacientes, se recomienda usar un fármaco antiepiléptico con presentación por vía intravenosa y un perfil bajo de interacciones. El levetiracetam, seguido del valproato, parecen ser los más adecuados. Dichas recomendaciones deben considerarse como una guía general de manejo, pudiendo ser modificadas, incluso de manera significativa, por las circunstancias propias de cada caso clínico (AU)

Our review of the literature is basically focused on the primary prophylaxis of early seizures after surgery of cerebral supratentorial tumors, with the aim of suggesting several recommendations in medical antiepileptic treatment to avoid this kind of seizures which occur immediately after surgery. In conclusion, it is recommended to provide criteria for prophylaxis of early seizures after surgery of cerebral supratentorial tumors. It's recommended a one week treatment with antiepileptic drugs in patients who didn't have seizures jet, starting immediately after the surgical treatment. If seizures appear during progress of the disease, a large period treatment will be needed. Preferred antiepileptic treatment is intravenous and with a low interactions profile. Levetiracetam, followed by valproic acid seem to be most appropriated drugs due to their properties and protective effects, particularly for our patients requirements. These recommendations are considered a general proposal to effective clinical management of early seizures after surgery, not taking into account the single circumstances of our patients. Always, clinical features of the patients could modify even significantly these guides in the benefit of each patient (AU)