RESUMO
Brain tumors mainly originate from glial cells and are classified as gliomas. Malignant gliomas represent an incurable disease; indeed, after surgery and chemotherapy, recurrence appears within a few months, and mortality has remained high in the last decades. This is mainly due to the heterogeneity of malignant gliomas, indicating that a single therapy is not effective for all patients. In this regard, the advent of theranostic nanomedicine, a combination of imaging and therapeutic agents, represents a strategic tool for the management of malignant brain tumors, allowing for the detection of therapies that are specific to the single patient and avoiding overdosing the non-responders. Here, recent theranostic nanomedicine approaches for glioma therapy are described.
RESUMO
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that exert important functions in mediating the pleiotropic effects of diverse exogenous factors such as physical exercise and food components. Particularly, PPARs act as transcription factors that control the expression of genes implicated in lipid and glucose metabolism, and cellular proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advancements reported on the effects of lifestyle and food habits on PPAR transcriptional activity in chronic disease.
Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar , Inflamação/metabolismo , Estilo de Vida , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismo , Receptores Ativados por Proliferador de Peroxissomo/metabolismo , Animais , Doença Crônica , Metabolismo Energético , Humanos , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismoRESUMO
Recent findings have led to the discovery of many signaling pathways that link nuclear receptors with human conditions, including mental decline and neurodegenerative diseases. PPARγ agonists have been indicated as neuroprotective agents, supporting synaptic plasticity and neurite outgrowth. For these reasons, many PPARγ ligands have been proposed for the improvement of cognitive performance in different pathological conditions. In this review, the research on this issue is extensively discussed.
Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/metabolismo , Transtornos Cognitivos/metabolismo , Cognição , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Doença de Parkinson/metabolismo , Esquizofrenia/metabolismo , Animais , Transtorno Autístico/genética , Transtornos Cognitivos/genética , Humanos , PPAR gama/genética , Doença de Parkinson/genética , Esquizofrenia/genéticaRESUMO
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00325.].