Reconstructing 3D human pose and shape from a single image and sparse IMUs.

Model-based 3D pose estimation has been widely used in many 3D human motion analysis applications, in which vision-based and inertial-based are two distinct lines. Multi-view images in a vision-based markerless capture system provide essential data for motion analysis, but erroneous estimates still occur due to ambiguities, occlusion, or noise in images. Besides, the multi-view setting is hard for the application in the wild. Although inertial measurement units (IMUs) can obtain accurate direction without occlusion, they are usually susceptible to magnetic field interference and drifts. Hybrid motion capture has drawn the attention of researchers in recent years. Existing 3D pose estimation methods jointly optimize the parameters of the 3D pose by minimizing the discrepancy between the image and IMU data. However, these hybrid methods still suffer from the issues such as complex peripheral devices, sensitivity to initialization, and slow convergence. Methods: This article presents an approach to improve 3D human pose estimation by fusing a single image with sparse inertial measurement units (IMUs). Based on a dual-stream feature extract network, we design a model-attention network with a residual module to closely couple the dual-modal feature from a static image and sparse inertial measurement units. The final 3D pose and shape parameters are directly obtained by a regression strategy. Results: Extensive experiments are conducted on two benchmark datasets for 3D human pose estimation. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the per vertex error (PVE) of human mesh reduces by 9.4 mm on Total Capture dataset and the mean per joint position error (MPJPE) reduces by 7.8 mm on the Human3.6M dataset. The quantitative comparison demonstrates that the proposed method could effectively fuse sparse IMU data and images and improve pose accuracy.

Three-Dimensional Human Pose Estimation from Sparse IMUs through Temporal Encoder and Regression Decoder.

Three-dimensional (3D) pose estimation has been widely used in many three-dimensional human motion analysis applications, where inertia-based path estimation is gradually being adopted. Systems based on commercial inertial measurement units (IMUs) usually rely on dense and complex wearable sensors and time-consuming calibration, causing intrusions to the subject and hindering free body movement. The sparse IMUs-based method has drawn research attention recently. Existing sparse IMUs-based three-dimensional pose estimation methods use neural networks to obtain human poses from temporal feature information. However, these methods still suffer from issues, such as body shaking, body tilt, and movement ambiguity. This paper presents an approach to improve three-dimensional human pose estimation by fusing temporal and spatial features. Based on a multistage encoder-decoder network, a temporal convolutional encoder and human kinematics regression decoder were designed. The final three-dimensional pose was predicted from the temporal feature information and human kinematic feature information. Extensive experiments were conducted on two benchmark datasets for three-dimensional human pose estimation. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the mean per joint position error was decreased by 13.6% and 19.4% on the total capture and DIP-IMU datasets, respectively. The quantitative comparison demonstrates that the proposed temporal information and human kinematic topology can improve pose accuracy.

Sinomenine Inhibits the Progression of Bladder Cancer Cells by Downregulating LncRNA-HEIH Expression.

BACKGROUND: Sinomenine has been reported to effectively repress the progression of lung cancer and breast cancer. However, the effects of sinomenine in bladder cancer are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sinomenine in bladder cancer. METHODS: The mRNA expression of HEIH in bladder cancer cells was measured by RT-qPCR. T24 and SW780 cells were treated with sinomenine for 24 hours. Cell viability was detected by the MTT assay. Cell migration and invasion were detected by the transwell assay. Western blotting assay was performed to assess the protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3. RESULTS: Sinomenine significantly suppressed cell viability in T24 and SW780 cells. Moreover, cell migration and invasion were significantly inhibited by sinomenine. Sinomenine accelerated the expression of Bax and caspase-3 but decreased the expression of Bcl-2. HEIH was upregulated in bladder cancer cells compared with normal bladder epithelial cells. Besides this, we noticed that HEIH knockdown blocked cell proliferation, migration, and invasion but facilitated cell apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. Additionally, HEIH reversed the suppression of the progression induced by sinomenine. CONCLUSION: Sinomenine was observed to suppress cell progression of bladder cancer cells by inhibiting HEIH expression. Our findings suggested that the use of sinomenine might be an effective treatment for bladder cancer.

Influence of Phosphorus Slag on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortars.

Influences of phosphorus slag from 10% to 50% (by mass) on the setting time and the water requirement of the normal consistency of cement pastes, flowability, resistance to carbonation, and the compressive strength of cement mortars were investigated. The physical activation by improving fineness and the chemical activation by adding the chemical activator were evaluated by the compressive strength of cement mortars with 30% by mass of phosphorus slag. Hydration heat, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of cement pastes and mortars with 30% by mass of phosphorus slag and the chemical activator. Results showed that the setting time of cement pastes was delayed by phosphorus slag from 10% to 50%. Phosphorus slag had nearly no effects on the water requirement of the normal consistency of cement pastes and the flowability of cement mortars. The resistance to carbonation of cement mortars was decreased by phosphorus slag from 10% to 50% according to the acceleration carbonation. The compressive strength of cement mortars was also decreased by phosphorus slag from 10% to 50% and the low activity of phosphorus slag was concluded based on compressive strength of cement mortars. The effect of the chemical activator on the compressive strength of cement mortars with 30% by mass of phosphorus slag was better than improving fineness of phosphorus slag from 300 m2/kg to 450 m2/kg. Both hydration heat and cement hydrates were inhibited by phosphorus slag and could be partly compensated by the chemical activator. Loose morphology and propagations of microcracks were found in cement pastes and mortars with 30% by mass of phosphorus slag.