Small bowel autotransplantation after resection of lesions involving the roots of mesenteric vessels / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To summarize our experience in 13 cases of intestinal autotransplantation (IATx) after resection of lesions involving the roots of mesenteric vessels.Methods:The clinical data of 13 patients undergoing IATx in Xijing hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The etiology, surgical procedure and complications were analyzed. The patients were followed up by telephone and regular evaluations.Results:All 13 cases of IATx were successfully completed. For 12 patients who were diagnosed with tumors involving the mesenteric roots, the tumors were removed for cure intent avoiding massive intestinal resection. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was carried out simultaneously in 11 cases. The postoperative complication rate was 85% (11/13). The autograft was resected in 1 patient on the 1st postoperative day due to necrosis from mesenteric thrombosis, leading to short bowel syndrome. One-year survival was 69% (9/13). Among 4 deaths, 1 patient died of liver metastasis, and another died of liver and lung metastases. Five patients were alive 2 years postoperatively.Conclusion:IATx while-technically challenging, avoiding short small bowel syndrome in properly selected patients after resection of lesions especially benign ones involving the roots of mesenteric vessels that were traditionally considered to be "unresectable".

Analysis of characteristics and related risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by wasp stings / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by wasp stings.Methods:A prospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 225 patients with wasp stings admitted to Taihe hospital of Shiyan City and Ankang Central Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018, including 131 males and 94 females, with the age of 49 (41, 60) years. The patients were divided into SIRS group ( n=62) and non-SIRS group ( n=163) according to the SIRS diagnostic criteria. The data were collected including gender, age, sting in the head, sting in waist and back, sting in the abdomen, sting in the limbs, number of stings, admission time, hospitalization day, and mortality. The plasma levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8 in peripheral blood of the patients were analyzed by ELISA method. The whole genome DNA was extracted from white blood cells, and the IL-6: -174G/C, -572G/C, -597G/A, -634C/G and IL-8: -251A/T, -738T/A, -845T/C, + 396T/G were selected for research. The PCR method was used to perform bidirectional sequencing and comparison after amplification, and record the genotyping and frequency. The risk factors of SIRS caused by wasp stings were investigated by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistics regression analysis. Results:(1) The two groups showed significant differences in sting in the limbs, sting in waist and back, sting in the abdomen, number of stings, hospitalization day and mortality ( P<0.01), while there were no significant differences in gender, age, sting in the head and admission time ( P>0.05). (2) ELISA test showed the plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in SIRS group were higher than those in non-SIRS group ( P<0.01). (3) Three genotypes of CC, GC and GG were observed in IL-6-572G/C. There were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles between SIRS group and non-SIRS group ( P<0.01). Three genotypes of AA, AT and TT were observed in IL-8 -251A/T. There were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles between SIRS group and non-SIRS group ( P<0.01). (4)Univariate analysis showed sting in waist and back, sting in the abdomen, sting in the limbs, number of stings, IL-6-572G allele, IL-8-251T allele were related to SIRS caused by wasp stings ( P<0.01). (5)Multivariate Logistics regression analysis showed limb stings ( OR=2.15), number of stings ≥10 ( OR=11.10), IL-6-572G allele ( OR=3.91) and IL-8-251T allele ( OR=3.97) were significantly related to SIRS caused by wasp stings ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions:The plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 are increased in patients with SIRS after wasp stings. The limbs stings, number of stings ≥10, IL-6 -572G and IL-8 -251T are all independent risk factors for SIRS caused by wasp stings.

Follow-up study about post-traumatic stress disorder and cognition in patients transferred from ICU / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the dynamic change and relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cognition in patients transferred from ICU. Methods Participants patients were selected from Critical Medical Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University by convenience sampling method between October 2016 to February 2017. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the PTSD Cheeklist-Vivilian Version (PCL-C) were used to collect data at 3 days, 3 months and 6 months after transferring from ICU. Results The incidence of cognitive disorder at 3 time points were 29.4％(30/102), 20.0％(18/90), 17.8％(13/73)respectively, and MoCA scores was 25.83 ± 6.29,28.57 ± 5.43,28.86 ± 5.11, the difference was significant (F=6.204,P<0.01). The incidence of PTSD symptoms were 42.2％(43/102), 23.3％(21/90), 19.2％(14/73)respectively, and PCL-C scores was 35.24 ± 5.94, 28.68 ± 5.13, 26.92 ± 4.85, the difference was significant (F=10.125,P<0.01). There were significant relationship between cognition and PTSD level (r =0.299-0.543,P <0.05). The PTSD level in cognitive disorder patients was 37.52 ± 5.88, 31.15 ± 5.12, 29.84 ± 4.82, and that in non-cognitive disorder patients was 34.32 ± 5.76, 27.68 ± 4.91, 25.74 ± 4.59 the difference was significant (t =2.117, 2.651, 3.334,P<0.05). Conclusions Health workers should pay attention to the mental status and cognitive impairment of patients transferred from ICU, implement psychological and cognitive interventions early, which could improve the cognitive status and PTSD progression of patients, and improve their quality of life.

Mononuclear cells of umbilical cord blood differentiation to granulocyte cell in vitro / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To explore an optimal method for granulocyte cell production from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells.@*Methods@#Erythrocytes were precipitated by hydroxyethyl starch. Mononuclear cells were isolated through Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Different media, additives and cultivation model were chosen for granulocyte induction. Cell morphology was observed by microscopy, and cell phenotype was detected by flow cytometry. The CD18 expression of granulocytes was tested by immunofluorescence assay, and phagocytosis test was executed as well.@*Results@#Compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS) treatment group, cell viability, counts and differentiation rate of granulocytes induced by X-VIVOTM 15 combined with TPO, SCF, G-CSF but without FBS were superior. And X-VIVOTM15 medium was better than SCGM medium at effectiveness and cost. Using two-stage mode of hematopoietic stem cell expansion followed by granulocyte induction with X-VIVOTM15 combining TPO, SCF and G-CSF, cell proliferation was nearly 132 times at day 21. Flow cytometry showed that the differentiation was lagged in 2-stage mode than in direct induction mode, CD15 expression was (69.60± 1.06) % vs (97.73±0.39) %; Wright-Giemsa staining demonstrated mature granulocytes; immunofluorescence showed the expression of lysosomal proteins CD18. A strong phagocytic function of mature granulocytes was demonstrated by phagotrophic efficiency of (51.43±0.05) %. And granulocyte had chemotaxis ability under the role of chemotactic factor IL-8.@*Conclusion@#Optimized culture media and cultivation mode are achieved for functional granulocytes induction in vitro.

Effects of electroacupuncture at "Weizhong" (BL 40) on morphology and expression of CK and IL-17 in rats with bupivacaine-induced multifidus muscle injury / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Weizhong" (BL 40) on morphology and expression of creatine kinase (CK) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in rats with bupivacaine-induced multifidus muscle injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a Weizhong group and a Shenshu group, 8 rats in each one. The rats in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were treated with intramuscular injection of 0.5% bupivacaine to establish the model of multifidus muscle injury; the rats in the control group were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The rats in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were treated with EA (2 Hz/10 Hz in frequency, 1~2 mA in intensity) at "Weizhong" (BL 40) and "Shenshu" (BL 23), 20 min per treatment. No treatment was given in the control group and model group. After 14-day treatment of EA, the inflammatory cell count, scar tissues area and muscle fiber cross sectional area of multifidus muscle were observed with HE and Masson staining method. The activity of CK and serum content of IL-17 were test with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method; the expression of IL-17 in multifidus muscle was measured with immunohistochcmical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After intervention, the inflammatory cell count and scar tissues area in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were higher than those in the control group (all<0.01), but the muscle fiber cross sectional area was significantly reduced (all<0.01); the inflammatory cell count and scar tissues area in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were lower than those in the model group (all<0.01), and the muscle fiber cross sectional area was significantly increased (<0.01,<0.05). After intervention, the expression of IL-17 in multifidus muscle, serum content of IL-7 and activity of CK in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were higher than those in the control group (all<0.01); the expression of IL-17 in multifidus muscle, serum content of IL-7 and activity of CK in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were lower than those in the model group (<0.01,<0.05); compared with the Shenshu group, the down-regulation of IL-17 was more obvisous in the Weizhong group (<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA at "Weizhong" (BL 40) can down-regulate the overexpression of serum CK and IL-17, alleviate inflammation reaction and improve the repair of multifidus muscle.</p>

Right ventricular apical versus right ventricular outflow tract pacing: impact on left ventricular synchronization / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>Objective To compare the impact of right ventricular apical (RVA) versus right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) pacing on left ventricular systolic synchronization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were prospectively recruited and randomized into RVA group (n=30) with the right ventricle leads placed in the RVA and RVOT group (n=30) with right ventricle leads placed in the septum of the RVOT. Speckle tracking imaging was performed with 100% ventricle pacing to measure the differences in the time to maximum left ventricle (LV) radial strain.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In RVA group, the difference in the time to 6-segment maximum LV radial strain after pacing was 105.27 ± 19.74 ms, significantly greater than that in RVOT group (41.65 ± 12.17 ms, P<0.001). The standard difference of time to 6-segment maximum LV radial strain was also significantly greater in RVA group than in RVOT group (42.71 ± 17.63 vs 17.63 ± 5.62 ms, P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Left ventricle systolic synchronizaition after RVOT pacing is superior to RVA pacing.</p>

Evaluation of implanted cardioverter-defibrillators for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effect of implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to ACC/AHA Guideline of ICD implantation (2005), 35 patients successfully received ICD/CRT-D implantation for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2009. All the patients were followed up for a mean of 2 years.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the follow up, 11 (31.43%) patients experienced ventricular arrhythmic episodes, for which 16 defibrillation therapies and 75 anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) therapies were delivered without mistaken shock or death. The incidence rate of NVM was 100%, that of PVT was 66.67%, Brugada syndrome 50%, HCM 25% and DCM 16.67%. Of these episodes, the incidence of VF episodes among PVC patients was 87.5% (14 beats), ventricular tachycardia PVC was 82.28% (65 times), 5 beats in NVM patients, 4 beats in HCM and Brugada syndrome patients, and 1 beat in DCM patients. No ICD implantation-related complication was detected, and no ventricular tachycardia induced syncope occurred in these cases. All patients showed improved quality of life after the implantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ICD implantation can prevent malignant ventricular arrhythmia episodes, especially for PVT, NVM and Brugada syndrome in high risk SCD patients, demonstrating the value of implantation of ICD as a primary prevention in high-risk SCD patients.</p>

Protective effect of ginkgo biloba extract on pancreas transplantation in type 2 diabetic rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has the pharmacological actions of antioxidation, eliminating free radicals and anti-platelet activating factors, it also can relieve the ischemia/reperfusion injury of various organs.OBJECTIVE: Toobserve whether GBE can relieve the ischemia/reperfusion injury of transplanted pancreas in diabetic rats or not.DESIGN: A complete randomized grouping design, controlled study.SETTINGS: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA Hospital.MATERIALS: Totally 128 male SD rats of clean grade, aged 3-6 months,weighing 250-320 g, were used. GBE was produced by Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuti - cals (Ginaton parenteral solution, 5 mL/piece, containing 17.5 mg GBE, including 4.2 mg ginkgo flavone glycosides, batch number: 1511102).METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery from September 2001 to April 2004.① Eighty rats were injected with STZ (65 mg/kg) via penile vein, and 60 of them with fasting blood glucose exceeding 17.4 mmol/L for 2weeks were taken as the diabetic rats, and the other 48 normal rats were taken as donors. ② The 60 diabetic rats were randomly divided into two groups: ischemia/reperfusion group (n=30) and GBE group (n=30), and pancreas transplantation was performed in both groups. In the ischemia/reperfusion group, the rats were douched with 4 ℃ iced balanced salt solution containing heparin (1.5×105 U/L) for 20 minutes. In the GBE group, the recipients were given intravenous injection of GBE (1.5 mL/kg) at 1 day and 30 minutes before transplantation, and those in the ischemia/reperfusion group were intravenously injected with saline of the same volume. The donor pancreases were all reserved in 4 ℃ iced balanced salt solution containing heparin (1.5×105 U/L), the cold and hot ischemia times were kept for 180 and 15 minutes in each group to induce ischemia/reperfusion injury of transplanted pancreas. ③ Six randomly selected rats were killed at 2 days before transplantation and at 3 and 7days after transplantation respectively to detect fasting blood glucose; The activity of amylase was determined with corresponding kit provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute; Pancreas tissues were removed for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining; Six rats were used to observe the metabolic indexes; The other 6 rats were used to observe the survival rate within 1 month. ④ The differences of the measurement data were compared with the paired t test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Changes of fasting blood glucose level, metabolic indexes and activity of amylase before and after pancreas transplantation in the rat recipients of both groups; ② Pathological changes at 3 and 7 days after transplantation in the rat recipients of both groups.RESULTS: All the 60 rat as recipients finished the detections of blood glucose, food intake, water intake, urinary output and blood amylase. ①The survival rate within 1 month after transplantation was obviously higher in the GBE group than in the ischemia/reperfusion group (83%, 33%, P＜ 0.01). ② The blood glucose, water intake, food intake and the urinary output at 3 and 7 days after transplantation were obviously decreased as compared with those at 2 days before transplantation in both theischemia/reperfusion group and GBE group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and those at 3 and 7days after transplantation were obviously lower in the GBE group than in the ischemia/reperfusion group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ③ The activity of blood amylase at 3 days after transplantation was obviously increased as compared with that before transplantation in both the ischemia/reperfusion group and the GBE group (P ＜ 0.01, 0.05), it was still obviously higher at 7 days after transplantation than at 2 days before transplantation in the ischemia/reperfusion group (P ＜ 0.01), and it had almost recovered to normal in the GBE group. The activities of blood amylase at 3 and 7 days after transplantation were obviously lower in the GBE group than in the ischemia/reperfusion group (P ＜ 0.01). ④ The results of the pathological observation showed that the damaged severity of the transplanted pancreas was greater in the ischemia/reperfusion group than in the GEB group.CONCLUSION: GBE pretreatment can improve the survival rate of pancreas transplantation in rats, reduce the activity of blood amylase, ameliorate the metabolism, relieve the severity of reperfusion injury of pancreas,and plays a protective role in the pancreas transplantation.

Protective effect of ischemic preconditioning on the grafted pancreas and its correlation with apoptosis in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: During pancreas transplantation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury can lead to many complications, which directly threaten the survival of the donor pancreas and the receptor itself, and the serious ones may result in the failure of transplantation. Ischemic preconditioning can protect the target organs in the following ischemia, which has become one of the hot spots in investigating organ transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To observe the early protective effect of ischemic preconditioning on the I/R injury of the grafted pancreas in the rat, and analyze its correlation with apoptosis.DESIGN: A randomized control animal experiment.SETTINGS: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Seventy male SD rats of 3-6 months, weighing 250-320 g, were used.METHODS: The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery between September 2001 and April 2004.Six normal rats were taken as the control group, and 24 successful diabetic models were divided into I/R group and 1, 2 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups (n=18) according to the method of random number table,with 6 rats in each. The rats in the latter three groups were treated with 5-minute ischemia and 5-minute reperfusion for once, twice and three times respectively, all the rats underwent the pancreas transplantation. Twentyfour SD rats served as donors.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Blood glucose before and after reperfusion in each group; Serum contents of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide; Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the grafted pancreatic tissue; ② Apoptosis in the grafted pancreatic tissue observed by means of in situ end-labeling; Expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the grafted pancreatic tissue with the method of Western blotting.RESULTS: ① Changes of blood glucose before and after reperfusion: The levels of blood glucose were decreased as compared with those before reperfusion in the I/R group and ischemic preconditioning groups. It was significantly lower in the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group than in the I/R group, 1 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups (P ＜ 0.05). ②Serum content of TNF-α at 2 hours after reperfusion: It was lower in the ischemic preconditioning groups than in the I/R group; It was lower in the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group than in the 1 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups (P ＜ 0.05). ③ Serum content of nitric oxide after reperfusion: It was higher in the ischemic preconditioning groups than in the I/R group; It was higher in the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group than in the 1 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups (P ＜ 0.05). ④SOD activity in the grafted pancreatic tissue after perfusion: It was higher in the ischemic preconditioning groups than in the I/R group; It was higher in the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group than in the 1 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups (P ＜ 0.05). ⑤ MAD content and MPD activity in the grafted pancreatic tissue after perfusion: Those were lower in the ischemic preconditioning groups than in the I/R group, also lower in the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group than in the 1 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups. ⑥ Apoptosis in the grafted pancreatic tissue: The apoptosis index after perfusion was lower in the ischemic preconditioning groups than in the I/R group; It was significantly lower in the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group than in the 1 and 3-time ischemic preconditioning groups (P ＜ 0.05). ⑦ Expressions of Bax and Bcl-2proteins in the grafted pancreatic tissue: There was high expression of Bax protein and low expression of Bcl-2 protein in the grafted pancreatic tissue after perfusion in the I/R group; Low expression of Bax protein and high expression of Bcl-2 protein in the grafted pancreatic tissue after perfusion were observed in the ischemic preconditioning groups; In the 2-time ischemic preconditioning group, the expression of Bcl-2 protein was the highest but that of Bax protein was the lowest.CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning can protect the grafted pancreas from I/R injury at early pancreas transplantation, which maybe correlated with the elevation of SOD activity, increase of the synthesis of endogenous nitric oxide, down-regulation of TNF-α and the alleviations of the adhesion and aggregation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Ischemic preconditioning can reduce the apoptosis of the grafted pancreas, and the the possible mechanism may be correlated with the alleviations of the adhesion and aggregation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, reduce of oxygen-derived free radicals, up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein and the down-regulation of Bax protein. 5-mintue ischemia and 5-minute reperfusion for twice is the best way to induce ischemic preconditioning in rat pancreas transplantation.

Effect of Intrathymic Injection of Allogene Bone Marrow on Small Intestine Transplantation of Rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the immune tolerance function and significance of allogene bone marrow injection to the small intestines transplantation of rats.MethodsInbreeding line rat F344/N and Wistar/A were selected to perform heterotopic graft of the whole small intestine. 7 days before allogene transplantation, donator bone marrow cells (BMC) were injected into thymus of acceptor (the testing group). According to the isogene and allogene rat transplant model, it was comprehended whether injecting allogene donator marrow into acceptor thymus could decrease the acute rejection after transplantation.Results3, 5 or 7 days after allogeneic rat dystopia whole small intestine transplantation, typical reject reaction appeared, but there was no reject reaction in isogenome and testing group. 3 days after allotransplantation, serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.01). The level of serum sIL-2R and TNF-α in the allogene marrow injecting group were only slight higher on the 3rd or 5th day, and getting downtrend, and there was no significant difference compared with isogenic transplantation group.ConclusionAllogenic donator bone marrow intrathymic injecting into acceptor 7 days before small intestina transplantation, can reduce the reject reaction after the grafting. The levels of serum sIL-2R and TNF-α can be selected as a sensitive early diagnosis index of acute rejection after small intestine transplantation.

Effect of alanyl-glutamine on immune function of patients with gastric cancer / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of alanyl-glutamine supplemented total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on immune function of patients with gastric cancer.MethodsFifty gastric cancer patients with radical gastrectomy were randomly divided into the control group (n=25) and experiment group (n=25). Patients in the control group received conventional TPN support, and patients in the experiment group received TPN support and alanyl-glutamine (0.34 g/kg). All patients were observed for 7 days. The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 were measured before operation and on first and eighth day after operation.ResultsAll the levels of immune function were decreased on first day after operation in two groups. But the levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 were significantly different between two groups on eighth day after operation (P<0.05). No serious infectious complication occurred in both groups.ConclusionTPN supplemented with alanyl-glutamine can improve the immune function of patients with gastric cancer radical gastrectomy.

Effect of ischemic preconditioning on apoptosis of transplanted pancreas cells in rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo observe the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on apoptosis of transplanted pancreas cells in rats.Methods6 normal SD rats were assigned as control group. 18 steptozozin-induced diabetic SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the I/R group (n= 6, received pancreas transplantation alone), DIPC group (n=6, received pancreas transplantation exposed IPC with 5 min ischemic and 5 min reperfusion twice) and RIPC group (n=6, received pancreas transplantation exposed IPC with 5 minutes ischemic and 5 minutes reperfusion induced by ligating donors' posterior limbs three times before anastomosing vessel). The blood glucose in serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), TUNEL cells in graft were monitored.ResultsAfter reperfusion, compared with the I/R group, the mean blood glucose levels, MPO levels and apoptotice index of graft reduced, the mean SOD levels of graft heightened in DIPC and RIPC groups significantly (all P<0.01).ConclusionIschemic preconditioning induced by graft and ligating donors' posterior limbs can reduce apopotosis of transplanted pancreas cells.

Change of free radical in serum and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and p53 in the liver after ischemia-reperfusion of small intestine / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo study the injuries of liver after ischemia-reperfusion of small intestine of the rat.MethodsModels of ischemia-reperfusion of small intestine was made with rats. At 0 min, 30 min, 1h, 2h, 1d, 3d,7d after reperfusion, the concentration of nitric oxide(NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum was examed and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and p53 in the liver was observed by the immunohistochemical SP method.ResultsThe concentration of NO increased apparently 0 min after reperfusion, but decreased 2 h after, then increased gradually to a peak at 7th day. But for SOD, the concentration decreased 0 min after reperfusion, increased 2 h after,and decreased to the lowest level at 7th day. The immunohistochemical SP positive cells were observed in sinus endothelial cells and hepatocytes. The ratio of positive cells of Bax,p53 and Bcl-2 began to increase 0 minute after reperfusion and increased continuously 30 min after, while that of Bcl-2 was higher than that of Bax(P<0.01). It decreased apparently 2h after, and then increased till 7d after reperfusion,while the ratio of Bax positive cells was higher than that of Bcl-2(P<0.01).ConclusionThe change of concentration of NO, SOD and the expression of positive cells of Bax, Bcl-2 and p53 might play a important role in apoptosis and injuries of the liver after ischemia-reperfusion of small intestine of rat.

Protective Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor on Pancreas of Rats with Acute Pancreatitis / 中国普外基础与临床杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on pancreas of rats with acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group, AP group and AP-EGF group. Subcutaneously injection of EGF (0.1 ?g/g) were given to animals in the AP-EGF group after the establishment of the model of AP. The other two groups of animals received the same volume of saline. At 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after induction of AP, 8 animals in each group were sacrificed respectively, 4 ml of blood sample was withdrawn from heart,2 ml for the analysis of amylase activity and 2 ml for MDA content in serum. Ascites was sucked with dry gauzes and was weighed thereafter. Changes of pancreas morphology were evaluated at every time point. The same part of pancreas was removed for measurement of MDA content, apoptotic index (AI) and histologic changes. Results Histologic injury of the animals in the AP-EGF group was milder than that in the AP group. Ascites weight in the AP-EGF group decreased significantly compared with that in the AP group at 12 h and 24 h 〔(4.53?1.29) g vs (6.58?1.47) g, (7.64?1.85) g vs (11.96?2.13) g,P

Amplification and functional identification of immature dendritic cells from rat bone marrow in vitro / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To establish a method for amplification of immature dendritic cells(DC) from murine bone marrow in vitro and investigate correlations between maturation degree of DC and varying dosages of granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF).Methods Dendritic cells from murine bone marrow were cultured with different dosages of rm GM-CSF.The suspension cells were examined with scanning electronic microscope,and the non-sensitized T lymphocyte proliferation was observed by mixed lymphocyte reaction.Results DC cultured in lower dosage of rmGM-CSF(GMlow DC) exhibited typical characteristics of DC,and had immature characteristics in cell phenotype and cell functions with high expression of CD11c and low expression of CD80,CD86 and MHC II on the surface of the cells.The ability of GmlowDC to stimulate the proliferation of non-sensitized T lymphocyte in vitro was weaker than that of GmhighDC.Conclusions The methods of immature DCs culturing establised by allthors was feasible.The dosage of rm GM-CSF has a direct relationship with the maturation degree of DC.

Comparative study of the effects of pancreas transplantation models using enteric drainage and bladder drainage reconstruction methods in rats / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of pancreatic transplantion(PTA) using diverse operative (methods) in rats. Method Inbred SD rats were used as donor and recipient, and were randomly assigned (into) 4 groups:Normal control group( Group NC), consisted of 10 rats;diabetes group(Group DC) consisted of 10 rats;PTA with enteric drainage group(Group E-D), consisted of 22 diabetic rats;PTA using bladder reconstruction group(group B-D), consisted of 22 rats.Arterial supply of transplanted pancreas was (performed) by using end-to-side anastomosis of the donors' abdominal aorta(with splenic artery) and (recipients)′ abdominal aorta; and venous drainage was performed by using end-to-end anastomosis of the (donors)' portal vein segment(with splenic vein) and (recipients)′ left renal vein(cuff method). The fasting blood glucose, body weight, food intake, water intake and urine volume of the recipient were monitored before transplantation and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 30th day after operation, and also the reasons of failures were analyzed. Results The operative time of recipient in E-D group was significantly longer than that in B-D group(P

Experience in management and insertion of central venous catheter / 肠外与肠内营养

Objectives:To investigate the experience in insertion and management of central venous catheter. Methods:132 cases received insertion of central venous catheter.The site of catheter tip was determined with the method of electrocardiograph.The insertion depth was calculated with method of Fujii.The catheter was managed with strictly sterile technique and its lumen was washed with 0.1 mol/L NaOH 2.0 ml. Results:All catheters were inserted smoothly and its tips lay in suitable sites.128 pieces of catheter were pulled out after finished infusion. Conclusions:A right method of insertion and management is in favor for the use of a central venous catheter.

Influence of anti-TNF?McAb on intestinal integrity in rats with acute pancreatitis / 肠外与肠内营养

Objectives:To evaluate the influence of anti TNF? monocolonal antibody (anti TNF?McAb) on intestinal integrity in rats with acute pancreatitis under total parenteral nutrition. Methods:Acute pancreatitis model was induced in 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats. They were randomly divided into control group (n=16) and experiment group (n=16). Animals in control group received total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Animals in experiment group received both TPN were fed the identical TPN formula received by control group and injections of anti TNF?McAb. Rats were sacrificed on day 1 and day 5 after the induction of acute pancreatitis for measurements of intestinal permeability, absorptive capacity, mucosal wet weight, villus height and area, activities of sucrase and maltase in jejunum and bacterial translocation. Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups in intestinal permeability, absorptive capacity, mucosal wet weight, villus height and area, activities of sucrase and maltase in jejunum and bacterial translocation. Conclusions:Anti TNF?McAb has not significant influence on intestinal integrity in rats with acute pancreatitis under TPN.

Epidermal growth factor prevents bacterial translocation in rats with acute pancreatitis / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on intestinal barrier functionin rats with acute pancreatitis. Methods: Thirty-two male SD rats received injection of sodium taurocholate solution(3. 5 mg?L-1) into the pancreatic duct were randomly divided into control group (n=16) and treatment group (n=16). Animals incontrol group received total parenteral nutrition (TPN), animals in treatment group were fed on the same TPN formula ascontrol group and injections of EGF at a dose of 0. 2 mg' kg l' day--'. Rats were sacrificed on d 1 and d 5 of TPN. Concen-tration of xylose and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran in superior mesenteric vein (SMV), protein and DNA contentin je junal mucosa were determined. Samples from SMV, mesenteric lymph nodes, pancreas, liver, spleen were harvested forcultures. Results: FITC-dextran concentration in treatment group was significantly lower than in control group [(3. 4?0. 7)vs (7. 5?0. 9) mg. L-1, P＜0. 0l]. Protein and DNA content in je junal mucosa in treatment group were significantly higherthan in control group [(2. 65?0. 23) vs (1. 12?0. 18) mg? cm-1, (0. 25?0. 07) vs (0. 12?0. 04) mg?cm-1, P