RESUMO
The peculiarities of cytokines as compounds of immunogenesis are shown in the patients having acute (A) and chronic (Ch) pyelonephritis (PN). The combination of antibacterial therapy with Nukleinat and Galavit promotes the positive changes of cytokin-producing ability of immunocompetent cells and decrease in the level of proinflammation cytokines in blood and urine, secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in urine. In children with PN and adult patients with diagnostically elevated titres of antibodies (IgG) to Herpes simplex virus, Cytomegalovirus are shown the positive effects of Kanephron® H and Proteflazidum, accordingly. Clinico-immunological effects of immunomodulators testify to the expediency of this usage in complex therapy with the aim to modulate the cytokine link of immunity for improvement of the effective treatment in APN and the protection against aggravation of kidney functioning in ChPN.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Herpes Simples/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Indutores de Interferon/uso terapêutico , Pielonefrite/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/complicações , Infecções Bacterianas/imunologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Criança , Doença Crônica , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/imunologia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/complicações , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/virologia , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Herpes Simples/complicações , Herpes Simples/imunologia , Herpes Simples/virologia , Humanos , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/imunologia , Rim/patologia , Luminol/análogos & derivados , Luminol/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ácidos Nucleicos/uso terapêutico , Preparações de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Pielonefrite/complicações , Pielonefrite/imunologia , Pielonefrite/microbiologia , Inibidor Secretado de Peptidases Leucocitárias/genética , Inibidor Secretado de Peptidases Leucocitárias/imunologiaRESUMO
The antiinflammatory cytokines participate in antiinfective immunity, that is why it is advisable to study their peculiarities in determination of the role in immunologic pathogenesis of pyelonephritis. Of the work is to study the levels of pro-inflammatory blood cytokines in the patients with pyelonephritis (PN), to determine the peculiarities in acute and chronic its course in children and adults. The immuno-enzymic method ELISA and the corresponding test-systems were used to study the levels of cytokines in blood. There were studied the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, MCP and IL-23) in blood serum of patients with acute (APN) and chronic (CPN) pyelonephritis. The analysis showed the reliable increase in levels of all studied findings in both forms of PN--both in all 173 patients and in every group--children (87) and adults (86). The MCP-1 levels in APN are reliably higher than in CPN, while in TNF-b and IL-23--do not differ. The levels of all three cytokines in blood of adults were higher than in children in APN, but TNF--in CPN as well. The high level of TNF, MCP-1 and IL-23 in blood of adults and children confirm their important role both in APN and CPN, but MCP-1 can be considered as a predictor of acute/exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis. By the findings of the studied cytokines, more expressed immune response was noted in the adults.
Assuntos
Quimiocina CCL2/sangue , Interleucina-23/sangue , Linfotoxina-alfa/sangue , Pielonefrite/sangue , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Quimiocina CCL2/imunologia , Criança , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-23/imunologia , Linfotoxina-alfa/imunologia , Masculino , Pielonefrite/diagnóstico , Pielonefrite/imunologia , Pielonefrite/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Allergic reactions to natural rubber latex have increased during the past 10 years, especially in many health care workers (HCWs) who have high exposure to latex allergens. The prevalence of skin test reactions to natural rubber latex in Russia, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), and eastern Europe is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin test reactivity to natural rubber latex in a population of HCWs exposed to latex. METHODS: Nine hundred one HCWs regularly exposed to latex were evaluated using an allergy history questionnaire. Subjects were tested for latex allergy by titrated skin prick test with a biologically standardized latex extract. The diagnosis of latex allergy was defined by the presence of clinical symptoms when exposed to latex along with a positive skin prick test to latex. RESULTS: Forty-nine (5.4%) HCWs were skin test-positive to latex. Seventeen (1.9%) HCWs were classified as latex-allergic based upon positive skin tests to latex associated with allergy symptoms with exposure. Seven of 901 HCWs had experienced anaphylactic reactions to latex. The most frequently reported symptom related to latex exposure was contact urticaria. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of latex allergy among HCWs in Russia, the CIS, and adjacent eastern European countries is considerably less than reported in HCWs exposed to latex in western Europe and the United States. The low prevalence of latex allergy in Russia and the CIS suggests that lessened exposure to natural latex powdered gloves may diminish the prevalence of latex sensitization in HCWs in Russia and the CIS.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade ao Látex/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade ao Látex/epidemiologia , Recursos Humanos em Hospital/estatística & dados numéricos , Borracha/efeitos adversos , Testes Cutâneos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Europa Oriental/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/imunologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Prevalência , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Interleucina-4/sangue , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Células Th2/imunologia , Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/imunologia , Adulto , Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Células Cultivadas , Ciclosporina/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Interleucina-4/biossíntese , Falência Renal Crônica/imunologia , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Ativação Linfocitária , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Effects, both specific and non-specific, were analysed of ionizing radiation in a comparative evaluation of medical sequels of the Chernobyl disaster and of the Semipalatinsk Range nuclear test. A hypothesis is advanced assuming that development of all major bodily morbid conditions is directly related to the dysfunction of certain complex of organs, the thyroid gland in the first place, the thymus gland known to be a central organ of systemic immunogenesis. A breach in the thymus link triggers harmful cascade reactions of neuroimmunoendocrinological regulation, appeared to be responsible for the pathogenesis of practically all pathologies disclosed.
Assuntos
Lesões por Radiação/imunologia , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Guerra Nuclear , Centrais Elétricas , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Lesões por Radiação/genética , Fatores de Risco , U.R.S.S. , UcrâniaRESUMO
It has been shown that in patients with acute pyelonephritis a spontaneous production of the interleukin IL-1 remains unchanged, while that stimulated with the aid of LPS is significantly below the norm. A spontaneous secretion of IL-2 in patients with chronic pyelonephritis has also been found unchanged, whereas in acute pyelonephritis this same parameter tends to rise above the level recordable in healthy donors. The production of this lymphokine stimulated with the aid of PhHA is significantly lower both in acute and chronic pyelonephritis. The level of cells carrying receptors to IL-2 is appreciably above the norm in patients with acute pyelonephritis, whereas in those presenting with the chronic process this parameter does not differ from that in the control group. The data obtained suggest distinctive features in the interleukin link of immunity (IL-1, IL-1, IL-2P) in patients with pyelonephritis.
Assuntos
Interleucina-1/sangue , Interleucina-2/sangue , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Pielonefrite/imunologia , Receptores de Interleucina-2/sangue , Doença Aguda , Células Cultivadas , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Contagem de LeucócitosRESUMO
Laser therapy was performed in 45 patients with tuberculosis of the urinary system and male genitals. The radiation was found to have a positive action on the patients' general condition and short-term immunomodulating effect. Following a month, immunological parameters became baseline or near-baseline. In the course of 5 years there was an exacerbation of tuberculosis in 2 (4 +/- 3%) patients who had received laser therapy and in 8-18% routinely treated without laser therapy.
Assuntos
Sangue/efeitos da radiação , Terapia a Laser , Tuberculose Urogenital/radioterapia , Adulto , Idoso , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Linfócitos B/efeitos da radiação , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Imunoglobulinas/efeitos da radiação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T/efeitos da radiação , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose Urogenital/sangue , Tuberculose Urogenital/imunologiaRESUMO
A many as 20 patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis were studied for clinical and immunological effects of leukinferone. The above patients were convalescent earlier than control subjects. There were instances where clinical status was not accompanied by shifts in immunity. However, on an average in the group, such parameters as level of lymphocytes, amounts of B-cells, Igs G, A, T-helpers, and Tx/Tc ratio were found to be increased as was activity of EK-cells. Stimulating effects of leukinferone were particularly pronounced in those patients with decreased values for immunological status. A conclusion is reached to the effect that patients with acute pyelonephritis may benefit from those treatments involving the use of the above drug preparation.
Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Citocinas/uso terapêutico , Interferon Tipo I/uso terapêutico , Pielonefrite/terapia , Doença Aguda , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Terapia Combinada , Combinação de Medicamentos , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Pielonefrite/imunologiaRESUMO
Efficacy of immunosorption (IS) employing perfusion of whole blood through activated charcoal containing DNA was studied in 11 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 11 SLE patients exposed to hemosorption on charcoal free from DNA served as controls. When used in combination with intensive therapy (corticosteroids and cytostatic immunosuppressant), IS produced a positive effect on lupus nephritis symptoms in 8 out of 10 patients with kidney affection. AntiDNA antibodies blood level decreased by 53.6% after two IS procedures, while only by 36.4% after nonselective hemosorption. Reduced count and functional activity of B-cells recorded after IS contribute much to final outcome of the treatment.
Assuntos
Hemoperfusão , Imunoadsorventes/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/terapia , Adulto , Anticorpos Antinucleares/imunologia , Antígenos Nucleares , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Seguimentos , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Masculino , Proteínas Nucleares/imunologia , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Hepatite B/terapia , Interferon Tipo I/uso terapêutico , Células Matadoras Naturais/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença Aguda , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Hepatite B/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Interferon alfa-2 , Interferon-alfa , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Proteínas Recombinantes , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Results were studied of use of T-activin in those clinical settings related to acute inflammatory diseases of the kidneys. There was a positive clinical effect from this preparation in all twenty-eight patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis, accompanied by readjustments in the patients' immune system. A rise to the norm was found to occur in T-helper counts, and accordingly, immunoregulatory index, NK-cell activity, blood microbocydic activity. The in vitro investigations done suggested the need for individual testing of immunocompetent cells of the patient to optimize the therapy.
Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Pielonefrite/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos do Timo/uso terapêutico , Doença Aguda , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Matadoras Naturais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Contagem de Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Pielonefrite/imunologia , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Recombinant interferon treatment of donors' and bladder cancer patients' lymphocytes results in activation of natural killer cells which is in correlation with enhanced activity of 2,5-oligoadenylate synthetase in them. The study of sensitivity of bladder cancer cell primary cultures showed that the cells are sensitive to various interferons virtually in all the cases observed as indicated by high synthetase activity. The baseline level of 2,5-oligoadenylate synthetase in tumor cells surpassed that in natural killers from healthy donors which may be related to elevated levels of serum gamma-interferon in the above patients.
Assuntos
2',5'-Oligoadenilato Sintetase/efeitos dos fármacos , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/terapia , Interferons/uso terapêutico , Células Matadoras Naturais/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia , 2',5'-Oligoadenilato Sintetase/biossíntese , 2',5'-Oligoadenilato Sintetase/sangue , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/enzimologia , Separação Celular , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas/enzimologia , Indução Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Interferons/sangue , Células Matadoras Naturais/enzimologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/enzimologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/enzimologiaRESUMO
Fibronectin levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 68 patients with pyelonephritis and 10 patients with chronic cystitis. The patients with chronic cystitis, acute and chronic non-obstructive pyelonephritis exhibited significantly high average blood fibronectin levels, whereas those with chronic obstructive pyelonephritis displayed the levels slightly different from those observed in healthy individuals. Hypofibronectinemia was detected in 23.3% of patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Preincubation of the neutrophils isolated from pyelonephritis patients with fibronectin increased the initially low phagocytic capacity without enhancing their metabolic activity. In experimental pyelonephritis, administration of exogenous fibronectin was demonstrated to contribute to a rapid bacterial elimination from the kidneys, to decrease the intensity of an inflammatory response, to prevent renal histostructural lesions, to enhance the functional activity of immunocompetent cells and to stabilize their membranes. The findings may serve the basis for using fibronectin in clinical practice as a promising agent to treat pyelonephritis.
Assuntos
Fibronectinas/sangue , Pielonefrite/sangue , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica , Cistite/sangue , Cistite/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Infecções por Escherichia coli/tratamento farmacológico , Fibronectinas/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Lactente , Camundongos , Pielonefrite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
A comparative analysis of HLA phenotypes of fertile and infertile spouses revealed that among the infertile the sum of spouses showed compatibility in two or three HLA antigens. A detailed analysis also showed that 10 infertile couples exhibited identical and 2 antigens with a similar structure and function with so-called cross-reactions increasing the histocompatibility index to 75%. The significance of these facts for infertility risk factors is discussed.
Assuntos
Antígenos HLA/imunologia , Infertilidade Feminina/imunologia , Infertilidade Masculina/imunologia , Reações Cruzadas/imunologia , Feminino , Fertilidade/imunologia , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/epidemiologia , Infertilidade Masculina/epidemiologia , Masculino , Fenótipo , Prognóstico , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Glomerulonefrite/sangue , Antígenos HLA/sangue , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise Discriminante , Feminino , Glomerulonefrite/epidemiologia , Glomerulonefrite/genética , Glomerulonefrite/terapia , Antígenos HLA/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenótipo , Prognóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A clinical trial of polypeptide prostatic preparation prostatilen has been performed in 37 and 15 patients with chronic prostatitis and prostatic adenoma, respectively. The treatment resulted in attenuation of algetic and dysuria symptoms. Copulative function and spermatogenesis improved. The uroflowmetric index rose, while residual urine and leukocyte count in prostatic secretion reduced. The drug demonstrated antibacterial and immunomodulation effects in the absence of adverse reactions. Prostatilen is indicated in: chronic prostatitis, prostatic adenoma stage I, normospermatogenic and toxic sterility, interoceptive copulative dysfunction, dysuria. The drug in recommended for clinical application.
Assuntos
Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Doenças Prostáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Prostáticas/complicações , Doenças Prostáticas/imunologia , Indução de Remissão , Contagem de Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
A clinical and immunological study is presented of 1030 practically healthy persons inhabiting Kiev from the moment of the Chernobyl accident. It was established clinically that during the last 5 years more frequent became acute respiratory viral infections, exacerbation of existing infection foci, appearance of complaints of reduced working capacity, somnolence apathy, increased fatiguability, worsening of memory, periodic subfebrility and oth. This symptom complex was determined as the "increased fatiguability syndrome". It was characterized immunologically by different changes showing most frequently a reduction of the functional activity of natural killers. The authors analyze different variants of immunological disorders in this group of subjects and give practical recommendations on using immunotropic drugs. They emphasize the importance of a service of clinical immunology in Ukraine able to organize special services to the population.
Assuntos
Fadiga/imunologia , População Urbana , Acidentes , Adulto , Poluentes Radioativos do Ar/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Fadiga/etiologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/efeitos da radiação , Monitorização Imunológica , Reatores Nucleares , Centrais Elétricas , Síndrome , UcrâniaRESUMO
The paper presents evidence on dysfunction of natural killer cells and abnormal proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclears to T- and B-cell mitogens (PHA, Phytolacca) in patients at varying stages of acute pyelonephritis. A number of immunomodulators (recombinant alpha 2-interferon, IL-2 and tactivin) produce different effects on natural killer activity and lymphocyte blast transformation in healthy donors and pyelonephritis patients. Immunotropic effects of immunopeptides depend on the drug dose, the response of various subpopulations of the immunocompetent cells being individual. It is suggested that immune system, natural killer activity in particular, plays an important part in pathogenesis of acute pyelonephritis. In vitro experiments demonstrate that there can be a positive clinical response to tactivin and recombinant alpha 2-interferon administered in doses activating the function of certain immunocompetent cells.
Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Pielonefrite/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Linhagem Celular , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas/imunologia , Testes Imunológicos de Citotoxicidade , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunidade Celular/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pielonefrite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The quantitative and functional state of different populations of immunocompetent cells was studied in 45 patients with acute serous and 46 patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis. An imbalance has been found in the system of regulatory cells, activation of phagocytosis with reduction of its reserve capacities, disorders of IL-producing capacity of mononuclears and suppression of the functional activity of NK cells.