RESUMO
Despite the progress achieved in the treatment of ocular diseases, removal of the eyeball still has to be resorted to rather often. The records of 12 hospitals of Moscow over a year evidence 678 enucleations and eviscerations, 248 (39 percent) of these for oncologic diseases, 189 (29.1 percent) because of injury aftereffects, 153 (24 percent) because of glaucoma, and 58 (8 percent) because of ocular inflammations. Common enucleation was carried out in 203 of +/- 400 patients (except oncologic ones) and enucleation with implantation of biological and synthetic drafts in 197 cases, i.e. in half of the patients who needed it; this is explained by the absence of the necessary implants in hospitals. A bank of grafts should be created for centralized provision of ocular hospitals.
Assuntos
Enucleação Ocular , Olho Artificial , Adulto , Idoso , Oftalmopatias/cirurgia , Traumatismos Oculares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Oculares/cirurgia , Feminino , Glaucoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Effective cosmetic rehabilitation of patients with anophthalmia can be activated if methods based on the use of the cosmetic parameters for prostheses, listed below, are employed: (1) eyelid position and relief, (2) eye opening, (3) position of the iris and pupil, (4) diameters of the iris and pupil, (5) position and decline of the prosthesis, (6) depth of the prosthesis position in the orbit, (7) cavity filling with the prosthesis, (8) prosthesis mobility, (9) sclera color, (10) iris color. These prosthetic cosmetic parameters are of paramount importance for effective cosmetic rehabilitation of anophthalmia patients.
Assuntos
Olho Artificial , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cosméticos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The shape of the eye prostheses depends on the plastic surgery type. Standard prostheses with thin but not sharp edges are used to recreate the conjunctival cavity, prostheses with a deep retraction or flat ones are employed for a delayed introduction into the stump, prostheses with a 'swelling' at the upper edge are of use in surgery to correct the upper eyelid falling in, prostheses with a flattened lower edge and a 'shelf' at the upper edge are used to fortify the lower eyelid. Individual prostheses are recommended after plastic surgery. The prostheses should not prevent free closing and blinking of the eyelids, retaining the identical opening of the eyes. An inadequately chosen prosthesis brings to nothing the tremendous work made by the surgeon. Ocular prosthetics may be regarded as the final stage stabilizing the results of plastic surgery.