RESUMO
Ninety-five nests of Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith were collected in trap-nests, during November/2001 and January/2003, at two fragments (PZGV e CFO-UFBA) of secondary Atlantic Forest, in Salvador, Bahia State (13 degrees 01' W e 38 degrees 30' S). The highest nest frequencies occurred from December to February (summer), with no nests foundations from August to October (winter - early spring). Two-hundred eight adults emerged from 347 brood cells, being 164 males and 116 females (1: 0.42). During the study period sex ratio was male biased (chi2 = 9.342; gl = 10; P < 0.05). C. terminata nested in holes with diameters 6, 8, 10 mm, but 84,2% were constructed in 8 and 10 mm. nests had one to seven cells arranged in a linear series with the cells partitions built with a mixture of sand and resin or oil. Male is significantly smaller than female, which emerges from the first cells constructed. Immature mortality occurred in 14.1% of brood cells (n = 49), of which 13.0% were due fail in development and 1.2% due to parasitism of Coelioxys sp. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) e Tetraonyx sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae). In the study site, weather, mainly pluviosity, rather than natural enemies influenced seasonal population abundance. The long period of nesting activity, local abundance and usage of trap nests, suggest the potential of C. terminata for management aiming at pollination of native and cultivated plants.
Assuntos
Abelhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Comportamento de Nidação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Densidade Demográfica , Estações do Ano , Razão de Masculinidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Foram analisados 95 ninhos de Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith, fundados em ninhos-armadilha, entre novembro de 2001 e janeiro de 2003, em dois fragmentos urbanos (CFO-UFBA e PZGV) de Mata Atlântica secundária, em Salvador, BA (13º01Æ W e 38º30Æ S). O maior número de nidificações ocorreu de dezembro a fevereiro (verão), não havendo ninhos fundados nos meses de agosto, setembro e outubro (inverno-primavera). Emergiram 280 adultos de C. terminata (n = 347 células), sendo 164 machos e 116 fêmeas, resultando em razão sexual de 1: 0,42. Durante esse período, a emergência de machos foi significativamente superior a de fêmeas (c2 = 9,342; gl =10; P < 0,05). Os ninhos foram fundados em ninhos-armadilha de madeira com 6, 8, 10 mm de diâmetro, sendo que 84,2 por cento deles foram construídos com 8 e 10 mm. Cada ninhos possui de uma a sete células, dispostas em série em série linear e partições construídas com uma mistura de areia e resina ou óleo. O macho é significativamente menor que a fêmea, sendo que esta última emerge a partir das primeiras células construídas. A mortalidade de imaturos foi baixa, ocorrendo em 14,1 por cento das células (n= 49), sendo 13,0 por cento por falhas no desenvolvimento e 1,2 por cento por parasitas Coelioxys sp. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) e Tetraonyx sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Na área estudada, fatores meteorológicos, especialmente a pluviosidade, mostraram-se mais determinantes da abundância temporal do que inimigos naturais. O longo período de atividade anual, abundância local e adequação aos ninhos-armadilha sugerem bom potencial de C. terminata para manejo visando a polinização de plantas nativas e cultivadas.
Ninety-five nests of Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith were collected in trap-nests, during November/2001 and January/2003, at two fragments (PZGV e CFO-UFBA) of secondary Atlantic Forest, in Salvador, Bahia State (13º01Æ W e 38º30Æ S). The highest nest frequencies occurred from December to February (summer), with no nests foundations from August to October (winter - early spring). Two-hundred eight adults emerged from 347 brood cells, being 164 males and 116 females (1: 0.42). During the study period sex ratio was male biased (c2 = 9.342; gl = 10; P < 0.05). C. terminata nested in holes with diameters 6, 8, 10 mm, but 84,2 percent were constructed in 8 and 10 mm. nests had one to seven cells arranged in a linear series with the cellÆs partitions built with a mixture of sand and resin or oil. Male is significantly smaller than female, which emerges from the first cells constructed. Immature mortality occurred in 14.1 percent of brood cells (n = 49), of which 13.0 percent were due fail in development and 1.2 percent due to parasitism of Coelioxys sp. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) e Tetraonyx sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae). In the study site, weather, mainly pluviosity, rather than natural enemies influenced seasonal population abundance. The long period of nesting activity, local abundance and usage of trap nests, suggest the potential of C. terminata for management aiming at pollination of native and cultivated plants.
