Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , HIV-2 , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores da Transcriptase Reversa/administração & dosagem , Zidovudina/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Lactente , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , GravidezAssuntos
Diarreia/etiologia , Imersão , Infecções/etiologia , Microbiologia da Água , Pré-Escolar , Diarreia/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções/microbiologia , LondresRESUMO
An infant enclosed in a rigid-walled chamber displaces a volume of air equal to its own volume. The volume of air displaced can be estimated by the change in pressure produced by a standard reduction in the chamber's volume according to Boyle's law. An instrument embodying this principle has been developed in which the differential pressure between two identical chambers is measured during equal sinusoidally imposed volume changes in the two. Problems arising from variable departure of conditions of pressure cycling, from isothermal towards adiabatic, have been dealt with by empirically derived corrections. Data are presented on the use of the method for low birth-weight infants.
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Constituição Corporal , Animais , Engenharia Biomédica , Superfície Corporal , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido , Coelhos , Ratos , SuínosRESUMO
Gastrointestinal permeability has been studied in a group of clinically proven food-allergic eczematous children and compared with a control group using lactulose and L-rhamnose as probe markers. No significant difference was demonstrated in baseline permeability measurements between eczematous and control children using isotonic or hypertonic oral loading. Similarly after antigen-challenge permeability results showed no significant difference from the controls although two of the ten eczematous children challenged showed increased permeability to lactulose. These findings support the hypothesis that once sensitized the physiological absorption of dietary antigen may be sufficient to maintain an allergic response in the skin.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/fisiopatologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos do Sistema Digestório , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/fisiopatologia , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dermatite Atópica/etiologia , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/etiologia , Humanos , Lactulose/urina , Leite/efeitos adversos , Ramnose/urina , Tartrazina/efeitos adversosAssuntos
Calcinose/etiologia , Cateterismo/efeitos adversos , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/etiologia , Calcinose/diagnóstico por imagem , Cloreto de Cálcio/administração & dosagem , Carbonatos/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Radiografia , Veias Umbilicais , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Three cases of cross-infection after smallpox vaccination are described, in two of which the outcome was fatal. Probably all occurred because simple precautions were not observed at the time of vaccination--for example, exclusion of contraindications and warnings about risks. If those countries still requiring evidence of vaccination for entry were to abolish this rule, however, the risk of cross-infection could be eliminated. Vaccinating a person with contraindications is justified only when exposure to smallpox has occurred.
Assuntos
Vacina Antivariólica/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Infecção Hospitalar/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/etiologia , Masculino , Varíola/etiologia , Vacinação/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Ultrasound scanning was used to determine whether bladder emptying is complete when a newborn baby micturates. Residual urine was detected in 6 females and 9 males while one female emptied her bladder completely. The residual volume was estimated in 11 subjects and ranged from 3.9 to 13.9 ml. Incomplete bladder emptying cannot be the main factor in explaining the sex incidence of urinary tract infection in neonates.