Efficacy of reciprocating systems for removing root filling material plus complementary cleaning methods in flattened canals: Microtomography and scanning electron microscopy study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate three reciprocating systems and complementary cleaning methods on filling material removal during retreatment of flattened canals. Thirty-six mandibular incisors were prepared using rotary instruments up to size 25.08 and filled using the single-cone technique. Subsequently, the teeth were divided into three groups (n = 12) according to retreatment procedures: Reciproc Blue (RB): 25/0.08 and 40/0.06; ProDesign R (PDR): 25/0.06 and 35/0.05; and WaveOne Gold (WOG): 25/0.07 and 35/0.06. The remaining filling volume materials were assessed by means of micro-CT imaging before and after retreatment. After this, the specimens were subdivided into three groups according to complementary cleaning methods: XP-Endo Shaper (30/0.01); passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); 60° oscillatory instrumentation with #30 H-file, and micro-CT scan was taken. Then, the roots were cut in half and the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's Multiple Comparison test with significance level of 5%. None of the reciprocating files promoted complete removal of filling material and there was no statistical difference between the groups, regardless instrument size (p > 0.05). Complementary cleaning methods increased remnant filling removal (p < 0.05). XP-endo Shaper significantly reduced the amount of filling material in the apical and middle thirds, compared with H-files (p < 0.05), with no difference with PUI. In the SEM, there was no statistical difference among the instruments (p > 0.05). The reciprocating systems showed similar effectiveness in removing root filling material. Complementary cleaning method with the XP-Shaper enhanced filling material removal.

Computed microtomography evaluation of calcium hydroxide-based root canal dressing removal from oval root canals by different methods of irrigation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of conventional irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Easy Clean for removing calcium hydroxide-based root canal dressing from oval root canals. Thirty mandibular uniradicular incisors with oval canals were used, and subjected to chemical-mechanical preparation with Reciproc R40 instruments. The main canal was filled with a paste based on Ca(OH)2 P.A., iodoform and propylene glycol in the ratio of 3:1:1. The teeth were stored in 100% humidity at a temperature of 37°C for 14 days. Afterwards, the teeth were divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the method of irrigation used (conventional irrigation, PUI, and Easy Clean). The specimens were analyzed by computed microtomography at three time intervals: before placing the root canal dressing, with the root canal dressing in place, and after application of the irrigation methods for removing it. The data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests for analyzing the canal as a whole, and Friedman and Dunn for analyzing the root thirds. The results showed that conventional irrigation was less efficient for removing the root canal dressing in comparison with the methods that agitated the irrigant solution (p < .05). When the root canal was analyzed as a whole, Easy Clean, and PUI were similar (p > .05). In analysis of the thirds, Easy Clean was more efficient than conventional irrigation in all the thirds, while PUI showed this behavior only in the cervical third (p < .05). The authors concluded that in oval canals, none of the irrigation methods were capable of removing all the root canal dressing, however, the methods that agitated the irrigant solution were more efficient than conventional irrigation.

Sistema rotatório Mtwo para retratamento endodôntico: revisão de literatura / Rotary system Mtwo for endodontic retreatment: literature review

O retratamento endodôntico é sempre a primeira opção indicada para solucionar o fracasso do tratamento. Atualmente, o retratamento vem sofrendo grandes avanços, buscando técnicas e instrumentos que provoquem o mínimo de danos possíveis, com uma maior eficiência e em menor tempo. Dentre esses instrumentos, encontra-se o sistema Mtwo para retratamento (Mtwo-R), que é um sistema rotatório de níquel-titânio da nova geração o qual tem sido alvo de muitas pesquisas nos últimos anos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da literatura com o intuito de ressaltar as vantagens e desvantagens do sistema rotatório Mtwo-R, quando comparado com outros tipos de sistemas rotatórios e com técnicas manuais.

Endodontic retreatment is always the first option to solve the failure of the previous root canal treatment. Currently, the retreatment has undergone great advances, developing techniques and instruments that cause the least possible damage, with greater efficiency and dispending less time. Among these instruments is the Mtwo system for retreatment (Mtwo-R), which is a new generation of nickel-titanium rotary system which has been extensively studied in recent years. The objective of this study was to survey the literature in order to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of rotary system Mtwo-R compared with other types of rotary systems and manual techniques.