RESUMO
This 32-centre multicentre study addresses the lack of knowledge about the prevalence and significance of microbial keratitis (MK) associated with contact lens (CL) wear in Spain. A total of 304 cases recruited from 32 hospitals were studied and showed that infectious keratitis associated with contact lens wear mainly affects young women during the summer months. In this study, soft lenses with monthly replacement and single solution cleaning were most commonly used, purchased and fitted in opticians' shops. Common risk factors were identified among users, such as topping off solutions, prolonging the life of lenses, and frequently sleeping, swimming and showering with lenses. Overnight lens wear was significantly associated with a higher incidence of corneal opacities, and the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bacterial cultures was associated with more severe sequelae and a greater need for corneal transplantation. Although most cases were benign, the time taken to heal was long, which poses a problem for working patients. This study provides valuable epidemiological, microbiological and risk factor information and estimates the incidence of CL related MK in Spain to be approximately 1 case per 30,000 inhabitants per year.
Assuntos
Lentes de Contato , Ceratite , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Lentes de Contato/efeitos adversos , Lentes de Contato/microbiologia , Infecções Oculares Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecções Oculares Bacterianas/etiologia , Infecções Oculares Bacterianas/microbiologia , Incidência , Ceratite/microbiologia , Ceratite/epidemiologia , Ceratite/etiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Results of an electro-oculographic study in 123 cases of esotropia emphasized the important role of the angle of deviation in the appearance of dissociated dyssynergia, as this phenomenon was present in all cases with a greater than 30 degree angle convergent strabismus. Small angle esotropia alone produces dyssynergic tracings interpretable as arising from a blocking syndrome. Furthermore, a new method for measuring dyssynergia was found to possess certain advantages, the position of the electrodes in relation to the globe, particularly when it is deviated, being of primary importance to obtain satisfactory tracings. This problem can be avoided by a new method proposed, employing fully compensated prisms for electro-oculography.