[Morphological characteristics of chorion in spontaneous abortions of chromosomic etiology]. / Morfologicheskaia kharakteristika khoriona pri spontannykh abortakh khromosomnoi étiologii.

Morphological investigation of spontaneous abortions (SA) with normal and abnormal karyotype (220 specimens of the first trimester SA) was carried out. It included a histological pattern, apoptosis and proliferative activity. Estimation of apoptotic index (AI) was carried out in 7 cases of SA with normal karyotype and 7 cases of SA with pathological karyotype using the ApopTag Peroxidase Kits (Biotech, USA). The material of 4 therapeutic abortions was taken as the control group. The proliferative activity (PA) was determined as the rate of Ki-67-positive cytotrophoblast cells. PA was examined in SA groups with normal (15 cases) and pathological (15 cases) karyotypes and 20 cases of control group. Identical morphological signs of the development retardation of the villi were diagnosed among abortuses with normal karyotype and with aneuploidies. The diameter of the villi was bigger in aneuploid SA than in SA with normal karyotype (p > 0.05). The partial moles were diagnosed in triploidy, as it was expected. High level of AI and PA in the control group was revealed. In SA with pathological karyotype a high rate of AI accompanied a low level of PA. The AI and PA were low in SA with normal karyotype. However, the largest uncorrelation between AI and PA in extravillous trophoblast cells of SA with chromosomal anomalies were observed: the level of AI was higher than the level of PA. We suppose that the last one leads to the abruption of the ovum.

[Cytogenetic screening of workers of rubber manufacturing industry]. / Tsitogeneticheskoe obsledovanie rabochikh proizvodstva reziny.

Cytogenetic analysis of lymphocytes was performed in 36 preparatory workers engaged into rubber shoes and general mechanical rubber goods production. Preparatory workers and management staff had the same chromosomal aberrations frequency. Although chromosomal aberrations frequency in employees of the enterprise appeared to be twice as much as that for general population, which proves hazardous factors of rubber production to afflict genofond of employees.

[Use of the calculation of the micronuclei in human cells in the detection of cytogenetic injuries by environmental factors]. / Ispol'zovanie ucheta mikroiader v kletkakh cheloveka dlia vyiavleniia tsitogeneticheskikh povrezhdenii faktorami okruzhaiushchei sredy.

The review is concerned with an analysis of the data reported in this country and abroad on the use of micronuclei calculation for revealing cytogenetic injuries by environmental factors. It has been shown that the micronucleus test possesses a rather high sensitivity, provides information and affords an objective judgement about the action of mutagenic environmental factors on man.