A gap in science's and the media images of people who use drugs and sex workers: research on organizations of the oppressed.

This paper discusses organizations of the oppressed, such as drug user and sex worker groups, and the images of themselves that they construct. We suggest that analysis of these organizationally-produced collective self-images -frequently overlooked in scholarly research -is crucial to understanding the complex internal dynamics of users' and sex workers' organizations and struggles they engage in when defining their collective (organizational) identities and course of action.

[Students knowledge on carbon monoxide toxicity]. / Poziom wiedzy studentów na temat toksycznosci tlenku wegla.

The results of questionnaire research on carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in students of State Higher Vocational School in Nowy Sacz (Institutes of Economy, Pedagogic, Technical and Health) are presented in the study. The mean age of the group examined, with a female predomination (77.6%) was 22.7 +/- 4.94 years. The questionnaire covered demographic data and knowledge on CO source, exposure, most frequent and most severe symptoms, most severe sequels, risky behavior and risk groups in CO poisoning. The results obtained indicate on inadequate knowledge on CO poisoning even in young students population. The proper education and prophylaxis activity is necessary to avoid accidental CO poisoning, especially that they also occur in spring-summer season.

[The knowledge about "date rape drugs" among Polish students]. / Poziom wiedzy na temat "pigulki gwaltu" wsród studentów.

The Main Department of Police in Poland notes about 2000 rapes a year. Some of the crimes are performed with "Date Rape Drugs". The term means substances helping comitting a rape such as GHB (gamma hydroxybutyric acid), ketamine, flunitrazepam and other benzodiazepines derivatives, MDMA ("ecstasy"), marihuana, amphetamine. The substances are often joined with alcohol. The victims are usually young women, and not all the cases are recorded by the police or physicians, because the victims often do not remember details of the event. The toxicological analysis of blood or urine would be helpful to explain the circumstances of the case and to prove using "Date Rape Drug". The samples for toxicological determinations should be collected as soon as possible (24 to 72 hours after admission). Preventing violence with "Date Rape Drugs" include wide education by media, police, teachers and parents. The purpose of the research was to check the level of knowledge about "Date Rape Drugs". The consciousness of risk behavior when the kind of substances is used and the ways of preventing the risk of being a sexual victim were checked. Material for the research were the results of questionnaire prepared by The Department of Medicine Sociology Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University in Krakow, carried out on 740 students. Most of respondents (77%) were women. The age of respondents was between 19-36 years (mean 21.41; SD - 1.29). The results of the research showed, that respondents didn't have completed knowledge about "Date Rape Drugs". They did not know the ways of recognizing and preventing the risk of being given this kind of substances. The main source of information about "Date Rape Drugs" were internet and colleagues. There is a need to start education about "Date Rape Drugs" by serious institutions such as the police and schools in Poland. This is the best way to prevent young people against a risk of being given "Date Rape Drugs" and being a victim of sexual crimes.