RESUMO
Streptococcus agalactiae is an endogenous bacterium that has emerged in the last 20 years as an etiological agent in both neonatal and perinatal infections, and in immunocompromised patients. The differentiation of the capsular polysaccharide, the presence of surface proteins c, X, R, and molecular methods allow classification in serotypes and genotypes. This identification is a useful tool for epidemiological purposes and virulence studies in this bacterium. The objective of this work was to study the serotypes and the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates recovered from invasive diseases in different areas of Argentina. In the analyzed sample a fair predominance of Ia and III serotypes was recovered, followed by II and IV serotypes. All the isolates were found to be sensitive to penicillin. A 6% of resistance to erythromycin and a 4.5% to clindamycin were detected. In three of the isolates, constitutive MLS phenotype (resistance to macrolides, lincosamins and streptogramins) was founded, while in the remaining one, inducible MLS phenotype was detected. These results stress the importance of conducting a surveillance of the prevalent serotypes in our country with the goal of future prevention of this disease with an effective vaccine. The knowledge of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile will be also important to obtain therapeutic success in the treatment.
Assuntos
Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus agalactiae/classificação , Streptococcus agalactiae/efeitos dos fármacos , Argentina , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Sorotipagem , VirulênciaRESUMO
Introducción. Se buscó determinar la frecuencia de alteraciones tiroideas en pacientes con trastorno depresivo mayor, trastorno de pánico o ambos, en el Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Regional de Concepción. Métodos. Se realizó estudio tiroideo a 30 pacientes en primera consulta por trastorno depresivo mayor, trastorno de pánico o ambos, con estrictos criterios de exclusión (sin otra patología psiquiátrica, médica ni endocrina asociada, sin uso de fármacos antidepresivos ni otros que alteren la función tiroidea en los últimos 3 meses). A todos ellos se les aplicó una evaluación clínica psiquiátrica y endocrinológica, entrevista semi-estructurada DSM-IV, entrevista estructurada CIDI y exámenes de laboratorio. Resultados. De los 30 pacientes, 19 (63,3 por ciento) presentaron trastorno depresivo mayor, 3 (10,0 por ciento) presentaron trastorno de pánico y 8 (26,7 por ciento) ambos diagnósticos. Hubo alteración tiroidea en 10 pacientes (33,3 por ciento). En trastorno depresivo mayor, encontramos 21,0 por ciento de hipotiroidismo subclínico y un 25,0 por ciento cuando se consideró sólo el grupo de mujeres. Conclusiones. Se encontró una importante asociación entre alteraciones tiroideas y trastorno depresivo mayor y/o trastorno de pánico. Los resultados del presente estudio confirman los hallazgos publicados en la literatura y reafirman la importancia del estudio tiroideo especialmente en mujeres depresivas.
Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/complicações , Transtorno de Pânico/complicações , Chile , Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos MentaisRESUMO
Streptococcus agalactiae es una bacteria colonizante que ha emergido en los últimos años como causante de infecciones neonatales, perinatales y en pacientes con compromiso inmunológico. La caracterización del polisacárido capsular, de las proteínas de superficie (c, X, R), así como el análisis de marcadores moleculares, permiten su clasificación en serotipos y genotipos. Esto resulta de utilidad para fines epidemiológicos y para estudios de virulencia de la bacteria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer los serotipos prevalentes y la sensibilidad antimicrobiana de aislamientos provenientes de procesos infecciosos en pacientes de distintas zonas de Argentina. En la muestra analizada se obtuvo predominio de los serotipos Ia y III, seguido de II y IV. Todas las cepas resultaron sensibles a penicilina. Se observó 6% de resistencia a eritromicina y 4,5% a clindamicina. En 3 de las cepas se detectó fenotipo MLS (resistencia a macrólidos, lincosaminas y estreptograminas) constitutiva y en una cepa, resistencia MLS inducible. Los resultados logrados en este estudio destacan la importancia de efectuar un relevamiento de los serotipos más frecuentes en nuestro país en vistas a la prevención de esta infección con una vacuna que realmente sea eficaz, como así también el conocimiento de la sensibilidad antimicrobiana para lograr éxito terapéutico en los tratamientos.
Streptococcus agalactiae is an endogenous bacterium that has emerged in the last 20 years as an etiological agent in both neonatal and perinatal infections, and in immunocompromised patients. The differentiation of the capsular polysaccharide, the presence of surface proteins c, X, R, and molecular methods allow classification in serotypes and genotypes. This identification is a useful tool for epidemiological purposes and virulence studies in this bacterium. The objective of this work was to study the serotypes and the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates recovered from invasive diseases in different areas of Argentina. In the analyzed sample a fair predominance of Ia and III serotypes was recovered, followed by II and IV serotypes. All the isolates were found to be sensitive to penicillin. A 6% of resistance to erythromycin and a 4.5% to clindamycin were detected. In three of the isolates, constitutive MLS phenotype (resistance to macrolides, lincosamins and streptogramins) was founded, while in the remaining one, inducible MLS phenotype was detected. These results stress the importance of conducting a surveillance of the prevalent serotypes in our country with the goal of future prevention of this disease with an effective vaccine. The knowledge of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile will be also important to obtain therapeutic success in the treatment.
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus agalactiae/classificação , Streptococcus agalactiae/efeitos dos fármacos , Argentina , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Sorotipagem , VirulênciaRESUMO
Streptococcus agalactiae is an endogenous bacterium that has emerged in the last 20 years as an etiological agent in both neonatal and perinatal infections, and in immunocompromised patients. The differentiation of the capsular polysaccharide, the presence of surface proteins c, X, R, and molecular methods allow classification in serotypes and genotypes. This identification is a useful tool for epidemiological purposes and virulence studies in this bacterium. The objective of this work was to study the serotypes and the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates recovered from invasive diseases in different areas of Argentina. In the analyzed sample a fair predominance of Ia and III serotypes was recovered, followed by II and IV serotypes. All the isolates were found to be sensitive to penicillin. A 6
of resistance to erythromycin and a 4.5
to clindamycin were detected. In three of the isolates, constitutive MLS phenotype (resistance to macrolides, lincosamins and streptogramins) was founded, while in the remaining one, inducible MLS phenotype was detected. These results stress the importance of conducting a surveillance of the prevalent serotypes in our country with the goal of future prevention of this disease with an effective vaccine. The knowledge of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile will be also important to obtain therapeutic success in the treatment.
RESUMO
Se realizó un estudio estadístico de todos los suicidios ocurridos en el Servicio de Salud Concepción-Arauco de Chile entre los años 1994-1998. Para ello se revisó el 100 por ciento de los Certificados de Defunción que contenían tal diagnóstico y fueron emitidos en ese período de tiempo. Se trabajó con un universo que alcanzó a 549 sujetos, con un promedio de edad de 41,2 en un rango que va desde los 15 a los 97 años. Entre las variables estudiadas se encuentran la edad, el género, el lugar y hora de ocurrencia, método usado, nivel de instrucción, ocupación del fallecido y estación del año y mes. A través de este análisis se demuestran una vez más todas las limitaciones y riesgos propios de este tipo de estudio retrospectivo. Esto plantea la necesidad de realizar estudios prospectivos que permiten acercarse con más detalle al fenómeno del suicidio, especialmente en relación alos factores asociados.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Mortalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Mycological and/or bacteriological studies were performed on 294 samples isolated from the external auditory control (EAC). It was observed that 185 (81.5%) of the mycological analysis were negative while 42 (18.5%) were positive with the following distribution: 22 Candida (9.7%), 15 Aspergillus (6.5%) and five associations of Aspergillus and Candida (2.2%). The bacteriological studies were negative in 52 cases (23.6%) and the frequency of the bacterial agents (75.5%) isolated were as follows: 41 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.6%), 24 Proteus mirabilis (10.9%), 24 Staphylococcus aureus (10.9%), and three associations of Ps. aeruginosa and Pr. mirabilis (1.4%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was the most frequent bacterial species isolated, did not present associations with any fungus.