Effects of S-Nitrosoglutathione on the Expression of MMP-1 mRNA in HT1080 Cells during Hypoxic Hypoxia.

Synthetic antioxidant S-nitrosoglutathione suppressed the expression of MMP-1 mRNA in HT1080 cells exposed to hypoxic hypoxia; hyperexpression of superoxide dismutase 2 increased and hyperexpression of catalase inhibited the expression of MMP-1 mRNA in HT1080 cells.

[Relationship between biochemical parameters of cerebrospinal fluid and the course of multiple sclerosis].

We examined 60 patients with remitting multiple sclerosis (disability 3,5±1.6 EDSS scores). The relative risk of rapid progression of neurologic impairment was associated with the higher levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, soluble platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (sPECAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in the cerebrospinal fluid. The relative risk of exacerbation of the disease in the next three years was associated with the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha and matrix metalloproteinase-2.

[The first results of a combined all-Russian study on clinical genetics of multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis is a classic multifactorial disease in which etiology interaction of external factors and structural features of a large number of genes plays an important role. Identifying risk factors for multiple sclerosis and creating an integrated model of pathogenesis are urgent tasks of neurology. Revealing true risk factors is possible only in studies with sufficient statistical power, so with a large amount of samples. We conducted the association study of CD40 gene's polymorphisms and multiple sclerosis among residents of the Russian Federation. The results demonstrated the need to combine data from different researchers in clinical studies to increase the power of the study.

[The biochemical markers of hypoxic perinatal affections of central nervous system in newborns].

The review analyses the clinical informativity of new biochemical markers of perinatal hypoxic affection of central nervous system in newborns--xanthine, hypoxanthine, adrenomedillin, protein S100B, activin A and neuron specific enolase.

[Factors associated with the more rapid progression of multiple sclerosis].

To study the association between disease progression and some clinical features and biochemical spinal fluid parameters, we have examined 209 patients with remitting type of multiple sclerosis. The more rapid progression of multiple sclerosis was associated with male sex, a history of brain concussion, a short first remission, late disease onset, movement disorders at onset of the disease and the high level of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (sPECAM-1) in the spinal fluid.

[Determination of capillary plasma C-reactive protein during therapy for acute infectious lung diseases].

Changes in the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and differential blood count were comparatively estimated in the treatment of 66 infants (aged 1.12 +/- 0.95 years) with acute infectious lung diseases. There was a high correlation between capillary plasma and venous serum CRP concentrations. On the first day of effective antibiotic therapy, there was a significant decrease in CRP levels; the sensitivity and specificity were 96 and 94%, respectively. Thus, measurement of capillary blood CRP is an accessible and informative tool to monitor therapy for infectious lung diseases in infants.

[Genetic risk factors for multiple sclerosis in the population of Altay].

The "case-control" research in Russian Altai territory population has proved that DR15 and DR3 as well as the combination of female sex and alleles A of TNFα of rs1800629 locus are associated with high risk of multiple sclerosis. The relationship between disease and CD40 polymorphism (rs6074022) was not found.

[Adhesion molecule in the cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis].

Levels of adhesion molecules were measured in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis during the 3-years prospective study. The high level of adhesion molecules sPECAM in the cerebrospinal fluid was associated with the appearance of new foci according to the magnetic resonance imaging data as well as with quick disability.

[Characteristics of a spermogram and metabolic parameters of active oxygen forms in the ejaculate of patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis].

Chronic inflammatory diseases of the prostate are accompanied by the accumulation of active oxygen forms and the activation of biopolymer peroxidation. The increased concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes in the ejaculate of patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis are attended by spermatozoon defects. It is suggested that correction of the metabolism of active oxygen forms in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis has a positive effect.

[Defects in spermatogenesis and their correction in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis].

A total of 28 males aged 20-46 years with chronic abacterial prostatitis (CAP) were divided into two groups. Group 1 patients received standard therapy (prostatotropic, vitamin, antioxidant); group 2 received the same standard treatment plus peloid therapy including silver-containing clay "Bekhtemirskaya". Eleven males with documented fertility (sperm donors) comprised a control group. The participants of the trial were examined for ejaculate indices, activity of the antioxidant system, ion composition of ejaculate, prostatic microcirculation before the treatment, on treatment day 14 and 90. The examination revealed the following disorders in CAP patients: low activity of anti-oxidant enzymes, abnormal static microcirculation, low content of normal spermatozoa in ejaculate. Complex rehabilitation of the patients of both groups improved prostatic microcirculation, raised activity of the antioxidant system resulting in better mobility and viability of spermatozoa. In group 2 the results were better showing the efficacy of local peloid therapy.

[Endothelial injury markers as a possible criterion for the efficiency of treatment for arterial hypertension].

Endothelial injury markers, including endothelial microparticles (CD31+ particles, 1.5-4.0 microm in diameter), von Willebrand factor, endothelin-big 1-38, and plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in patients with essential hypertension (EH), were evaluated. The endothelial injury markers and the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were significantly elevated in patients with EH, as compared to healthy subjects and decreased, so was blood pressure in response to antihypertensive pharmacotherapy. However, the patients and the healthy subjects had differences in these parameters. It is suggested that all the studied parameters of endothelial injury are suitable for laboratory monitoring of treatment in patients with EH in different periods of the disease, including a stable blood pressure period.

[Intermittent hypoxia in the treatment of dyscirculatory encephalopathy]. / Interval'naia gipoksiia pri lechenii distsirkuliatornoi éntsefalopatii.

An influence of intermittent hypoxia (IH) on antioxidant enzymes activity was investigated in 42 patients, aged 48.2 +/- 1.8 years, with 1-2-nd stage of dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE) in the presence of I-II stage of arterial hypertension (AH). Patients with arterial pressure below 145/85 mmHg receiving basic antihypertensive drugs treatment were included in the study. Before IH, the patients showed increased total oxidant activity (TOA) as well as concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBRS) in blood plasma and reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GP) in erythrocytes comparing to control group (14 healthy subjects). In 27 patients, it was combined with increased peak systolic and peak diastolic blood flow rate in middle cerebral artery according to Doppler examination. After 10 days hypoxia training (60 min daily atmospheric air breathing alternated with 9-10 V% O2 hypoxic mixture breathing), TOA and TBRS were decreased by 39% and 25% respectively, whereas enzymes activity was increased as follows: SOD--by 29%; CAT--by 18%; GP--by 38%. The treatment resulted in reduction of peak systolic and peak diastolic blood flow rate in the meddle cerebral artery, decrease of frequency of headache episodes and in improvement of nighttime sleep and short-term memory. The results demonstrate a possibility for correction of oxidative homeostasis disturbances in patients with DE on the background of AH and can be beneficial for DE prevention and treatment.

[Activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes in hypertensive patients]. / Aktivnost' vnutrikletochnykh antioksidantnykh fermentov u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

AIM: To assess activity of oxidation and function of cell antioxidant system in hypertensive patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 24 hypertensive patients (AP 140-180/95-114 mm Hg) were examined before and 4 weeks after standard therapy for plasmic levels of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reacting products (TBARP), lipid peroxides (LP), total oxidant activity (TOA), total antioxidant activity (TAA) in red cells, activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. A control group consisted of 16 healthy volunteers matched for age and sex. RESULTS: The patients had very high TAA and TBARP while the antioxidant status was subnormal. TOA/TAA was higher than in the controls. Clinically effective therapy with basic antihypertensive drugs lowered the oxidant activity and raised the antioxidant status while TOA/TAA index remained elevated. CONCLUSION: Hypertensive patients are exposed to apparent oxidant stress caused by imbalance between adaptive potential of intracellular enzyme antioxidant defense and activity of free radical processes. It is suggested that in pathogenesis of essential hypertension insufficiency of antioxidant enzymes results in development of chronic oxidant stress.

[Lipid peroxidation in patients with gastric and duodenal peptic ulcers]. / Sostoianie perekisnogo okisleniia u bol'nykh s iazvennoi bolezn'iu zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

The oxidant and antioxidant status of 42 patients with pyloroduodenal ulcers aged 17-46 years was examined before and after traditional hospital treatment. Total oxidative activity and plasma concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides and malonic dialdehydes were higher in the patients before therapy than in the controls, this increase correlating with the disease duration. Total antioxidative activity and catalase of erythrocytes were decreased only in the patients with ulcer relapses, whereas in the patients with primary ulcers, these values were virtually normal. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity was reduced in all the patients. Low activity of this enzyme negatively correlated with the disease duration. The treatment led to evident clinical and endoscopic improvement but did not completely normalize the increased level of free-radical oxidation parameters and decreased total antioxidative activity and erythrocyte catalase and superoxide dismutase activities.

[Changes in the testosterone levels in the serum and androgen receptor levels in the liver during experimental burns in immature rats]. / Izmeneniia soderzhaniia testosterona v syvorotke krovi i retseptorov androgenov v pecheni pri éksperimental'noi ozhogovoi bolezni u nepolovozrelykh krys.

Distinct and stable decrease of testosterone content was found in blood serum of one month old rats with burns of the IIIA-IIIB degree impairing 23-25% of body surface. Concentration of androgene receptors was markedly decreased in liver cytosol of the experimental animals within 1 day and to the end of the first week after the thermic trauma. Possible mechanisms involved in impairment of androgene-dependent regulation of metabolism under conditions of thermic burns are discussed.