Association of dietary total antioxidant capacity with general and abdominal obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

BACKGROUND: The dual existence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and obesity within a single individual may describe a combined adverse health effects, including impaired quality of life and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Oxidative stress is a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of obesity. Meanwhile, dietary antioxidants may improve the antioxidant defense system and thereby decrease oxidative injury. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is usually used to investigate the potential health effects of dietary antioxidant intake on several oxidative stress induced chronic diseases. This study aimed to examine the association of dietary TAC with obesity-related features in T2DM patients. METHODS: The present study included 254 type 2 diabetes outpatients with a mean (SD) age of 54.52 (7.21) years and mean (SD) diabetes duration of 8.2 (6.4) years. Data on dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary TAC was estimated by ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) method. Anthropometric, clinical and lifestyle characteristics were all collected. RESULTS: In linear regression analyses, dietary antioxidant capacity was inversely associated with body mass index (ß = -0,231; 95% CI, -0,419 to -0,042), waist circumference (ß = -0,427; 95% CI, -0,849 to -0,006) and fat mass percentage (ß = -0,328; 95% CI, -0,545 to -0,112) independently of the assessed confounding variables. Interestingly, dietary TAC showed positive and significant associations with vitamin A, vitamin C, ß-carotene, magnesium, folic acid and iron intakes, after adjusting for age and daily energy intake. CONCLUSIONS: Higher intake of dietary TAC was in association with lower indices of general and central obesity in T2DM patients. Therefore, dietary recommendations for counteracting obesity in patients with T2DM should take into account a high dietary TAC.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity of Moroccan Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients.

AIMS: A new approach to a healthy diet is the assessment of dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC). The aim of this study was to assess the dietary TAC among Moroccan Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and identify the main food sources contributing to the total antioxidant capacity intake. METHODS: A total of 254 patients with T2DM was included in the study. The usual dietary intakes were assessed by means of a validated food frequency questionnaire. The dietary TAC was estimated using published databases of the antioxidant content of foods measured by the FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential) method. RESULTS: The mean (SD) dietary TAC of the studied type 2 diabetes patients was 10.86 (3.42) mmol/day. Correlation analyses showed a positive association between dietary TAC and the consumption of healthy food groups, such as fruits and vegetables. Tea and coffee beverages (38.6%), vegetables (21.9%), cereals and pulses (18.8%), fruits and fruit juices (12.4%) were major food sources of dietary antioxidant intake. The relatively short list of twenty food items that contributed most to dietary TAC presented an important explanation of roughly 94%. These included tea, coffee, broad beans, artichoke, pepper, beetroot, sweet potatoes, pomegranate, mandarin, figs, strawberry, orange juice, olives, cashew nuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, dchicha and white beans. CONCLUSIONS: This study supplies baseline dietary TAC data for Moroccan T2DM patients that may help to elucidate which aspects of the eating habits and behaviours require improvement and provide the opportunity to develop dietary guidelines as part of the nutritional diabetes management.

Cancer statistics in Yemen: incidence and mortality, in 2020.

BACKGROUND: The current cancer epidemiological profile in Yemen suffers from a lack of locally representative data and resources, posing a challenge in determining the real incidence, prevalence, survival and mortality rates, particularly data extracted from national hospitals. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the cancer burden and trends in Yemen for 2020, including incidence and mortality rates. METHODS: The current study provides cancer statistics and their trends in Yemen, including incidence and mortality, in 2020 by using descriptive statistics. The data was obtained using the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO) 2020 online database. RESULTS: According to the (GCP) database in 2020, the crude incidence rate (CIR) of all cancers in Yemen was 55.2 per 100.000. The age-standardized rate (ASR) was 97.0 per 100.000, and the cumulative risk (0-74) was 22.0 per 100.000. The age-standardized rate (ASR) was 76.5 per 100.000, and the cumulative risk (0-74) was 19.6 per 100.000. Furthermore, the crude mortality rate (CIR) of all cancers was 40.6 per 100.000. Breast cancer was most prevalent in Yemen across all age groups and genders (31.1%), followed by colorectal cancer (7.7%) and leukemia (5.7%). Breast cancer also ranked as the primary cause of mortality at an estimated percentage of 13.5%, followed by colorectal cancer (8.8%) and stomach cancer (7.1%). CONCLUSION: Cancer has become a significant life-threatening illness in Yemen with an increase in the disease burden of breast cancer in women. Furthermore, leukemia in children and colorectal cancer in both sexes have experienced a more significant burden as well. Therefore, it is imperative for initiatives for cancer control and prevention to be prioritised at national and regional levels.