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1.
Médecine du Maghreb ; 251: 29-39, 2018.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1266898

RESUMO

Introduction : La tuberculose est un problème de santé publique dans le monde entier. Son traitement est basé sur quatre antituberculeux majeurs dont l'isoniazide et la rifampicine qui ont bouleversé le pronostic de cette maladie. L'objectif de cette étude était de montrer l'apport du suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique dans la prévention des échecs thérapeutiques en cas de sous-dosage et de toxicité en cas de surdosage.Matériels et méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective faite à l'Hôpital Moulay Youssef et le laboratoire de toxicologie et de pharmacologie du centre anti-poison et de pharmacovigilance du Maroc sur une période de 9 mois, et menée sur 142 patients ayant tous bénéficié d'un suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique de l'isoniazide et la rifampicine. Les dosages étaient réalisés par chromatographie liquide haute performance après extraction liquide-liquide. Résultats : Notre étude a montré qu'à dose thérapeutique, 78,2% des patients tuberculeux avaient des concentrations plasmatiques de rifampicine au-dessous de la fourchette thérapeutique et 35,4% des patients avaient des concentrations plasmatiques d'isoniazide au-dessus de la fourchette thérapeutique.Conclusion : Dans le cadre du traitement antituberculeux, le recours au suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique permet aux cliniciens


Assuntos
Antituberculosos , Isoniazida , Marrocos , Rifampina , Falha de Tratamento , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico
2.
Ther Adv Drug Saf ; 7(6): 239-247, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27904742

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: High concentrations of antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs can be associated with many adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The objective of this study was to examine the plasma concentrations of rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) in patients with and without ADRs. METHODS: Concentration monitoring data of patients treated with anti-TB drugs were retrospectively analyzed from 2009 to 2011. RMP and INH plasma concentrations were measured 2 and 3 h after drug administration respectively using high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: A total of 54 out of 120 patients have experienced ADRs to anti-TB drugs. The median concentrations [interquartile range (IQR)] obtained in patients with and without ADRs were 6.7 mg/l (3.7-9.9) and 5.6 mg/l (2.9-8.6) (p = 0.56) for RMP and 4.3 mg/l (2.3-5.3) and 3.1 mg/l (1.7-4.8) (p = 0.04) for INH, respectively. Related median doses (IQR) were 8.7 mg/kg (8.0-10.0) and 8.6 mg/kg (6.5-9.9) (p = 0.42) for RMP and 4.8 mg/kg (4.3-5.0) and 4.0 mg/kg (2.8-5) (p < 0.01) for INH, respectively. Concentrations above the expected range in patients with and without ADRs were not reached for RMP, but were 76% and 65% for INH, respectively. Correlation between concentrations and doses has not been established for RMP or INH. In addition, high INH concentrations showed no association with sex, age, liver injury or renal or diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: High INH concentrations were common in patients with and without ADRs whereas RMP concentrations were low or within the normal range in most patients. Further studies are required to assess the association between high INH concentrations and the occurrence of ADRs.

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