[Crossed renal ectopia discovered incidentally: about one case report]. / Ectopie rénale croisée de découverte fortuite chez l'adulte: à propos d'un cas.

Crossed renal ectopia is a rare congenital abnormality, in which the two kidneys are located in the same side. One of the ureters, whose length is adapted to the kidney seat, crosses the median line to implant in the bladder on the opposite side. Renal fusion of the two parenchymas is common and this abnormality is most often asymptomatic and fortuitously discovered. We report the case of a 36-year old patient with no previous pathological history, presenting with crossed renal ectopia incidentally discovered after acute cholecystitis complicated by perivescicular abscess. On the basis of this observation and of the data from the literature, we here discuss the etiopathogenic, clinical, radiological and therapeutic features of this malformation.

[Evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions in the Emergency Department of the Military Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V (HMIMV)]. / Evaluation des prescriptions antibiotiques au service des urgences de l'Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V (HMIMV).

The objectives of this study are to describe prescribing practices, to evaluate their appropriateness and their compliance with guidelines and to examine their influencing factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study of antibiotic prescriptions data of 105 patients in the medical and surgical Emergency Department of the Military Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V in Rabat over a period of one month. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire including demographic and anamnestic data, patient's history, allergies, specific clinical examination data, paraclinical data, detailed antibiotic prescription. Collected data were then evaluated by a referring physician, who was responsible for detecting any treatment error. Among infections requiring the prescription of antibiotics, respiratory and urinary system diseases were at the forefront, the most commonly used antibiotic families were penicillins, quinolones and cephalosporins. 74 prescriptions (70.5%) were both pertinent and compliant versus 9 prescriptions (8.6%) justified but nonpertinent and 6 prescriptions (5.7%) which were considered unjustified by the referring physician due to absence of infection. The evaluation of the existing medical practice is rarely conducted in health facilities; with this in mind, our case study aims to improve appropriate antibiotic prescribing and to optimize its compliance with guidelines.

Thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke by tenecteplase in the emergency department of a Moroccan hospital.

INTRODUCTION: Thrombolysis has radically changed the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. Tenecteplase is a modified form of rt-PA with greater specificity for fibrin and a longer half-life. We report the experience of a Moroccan tertiary hospital in thrombolysis using Tenecteplase. METHODS: We conducted an open prospective study of all patients who were treated with Tenecteplase for an acute ischemic stroke admitted to our emergency department. Tenecteplase was administered intravenously at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg single bolus. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients achieving significant early neurological recovery defined as an improvement of 4 or more points on the NIHSS score at 24h. RESULTS: 13 patients had been treated by intravenous thrombolysis. 31% were women. Mean age was 63 years old. The mean NIHSS score at admission was 14.3 and 24h after was at 9.1. The right middle cerebral artery was involved in 69% of cases. The carotid atherosclerosis was predominant 63.3% and the cardio embolic etiology 27%. The mean time to the first medical contact after the onset of symptoms was 3h 30 min. One patient presented a capsulo-lenticular hematoma of 5 mm(3) in the same side of the ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: Tenecteplase is a more interesting thrombolytic than alteplase, it seems to be more suitable for thrombolysis in our center.

Does intranasal fentanyl provide efficient analgesia for renal colic in adults?

INTRODUCTION: Intranasal fentanyl provides rapid and powerful analgesia which is particularly interesting in patients without intravenous access. We propose to use it for analgesia in adults presenting renal colics. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from the 2nd January to February 2013 in our emergency department. Patients aged up to 18 years old who presented with renal colic were included in this audit. Patients were excluded if they had loss of consciousness, cognitive impairment, acute or chronic nasal problems. A formal written consent was obtained from patients. The research team was alerted by medical and nursing staff. A member of the research team would check with medical or nursing staff whether administration of Intra nasal (IN) fentanyl was required. It was administered at a pre-calculated dose of 1.5 mg/kg and 50 mg/ml concentration was used. Data was prospectively collected by one of the researchers at various intervals during the patient's presentation and recorded on a pre-formatted data sheet. Pain scores were collected at 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes following IN fentanyl using a visual analogue scale pain. Observations routinely collected for patients receiving IV opiates and any adverse events were also recorded. RESULTS: 23 eligible patients were enrolled; median age was 51,3 years. 47,8% were women and the mean weight was 73 kg. Median dose of IN fentanyl was 106 µg. Two patients have required morphinic analgesia despite having received adapted dose of IN fentanyl. The initial pain scores before IN fentanyl were high with a median of 82,2 mm (59-100). Five minutes after IN fentanyl administration the median pain score dropped to 48 mm(36-63) and achieved the lowest score of 8mm(0-22) at 30 min. Pain scores were significantly lower at 5 min (P < 0.001) and at all subsequent time points (P < 0.001). No side effects were recorded. CONCLUSION: Intranasal fentanyl seems to be efficient for analgesia in adult patients with renal colic.