[Classification and supervision of hyperlipemias (author's transl)]. / Klassifizierung und Verlaufskontrolle von Hyperlipämien.

Different methods for determination and classification systems of serum lipoproteins were used and compared in 300 patients with hyperlipidemia. The procedures and methods were examined to find out which would provide a useful classification for diagnosis and therapy. Lipid electrophoresis on agarose gel gave no reliably reproducible typing. With acetate and polyacetate foils, Type llb was not recognizable in the majority of cases. Neither the determination of beta-cholesterol after polyanion precipitation nor quantitative lipid electrophoresis calculating the values as lipoprotein lipid gave type determinations which completely agreed with the ultracentrifuge, but the best coincidence with the ultracentrifuge was obtained with these two methods. The second method is chiefly suitable for supervision.

[Different forms of hyperlipoproteinemia in diabetics (author's transl)]. / Besonderheiten der Hyperlipoproteinämie bei Diabetes mellitus

Plasma lipoprotein patterns currently employed in attempts to identify different forms of hyperlipoproteinemia have been investigated in 113 hospitalized diabetics. For classification two methods have been compared: The first is based on lipid electrophoresis pattern in agarose gel coupled with the measurement of triglycerides and cholesterol. The second is based on plasma lipoprotein pattern obtained by separation of lipoproteins on cellulose acetate and following densitometry combined with estimation of cholesterol and beta-cholesterol and triglycerides in plasma. It could be demonstrated, that the results obtained in agarose system are not convertible to data obtained with the method for quantifying lipoproteins. By quantitative analysis only 4 p.c. of diabetics had type IIa, 4 p.c. type V, the others type IIb or IV. Graphic plots and calculated concentrations of lipoproteins gave differences in lipoprotein profiles between compensated and acidotic diabetics. In diabetes stage 1 most values are in the normal range, in stage 2 prebetalipoproteins increase and betalipoproteins decrease. In some case betalipoproteins are elevated and prebetalipoproteins diminished. In stage 3 with metabolic acidosis we observed an altered lipoprotein profile with confluence of beta- and prebeta-peak. The calculated concentration profile was also different from the others and revealed no certain quantitative information described for other electropherograms containing alpha, beta- and prebeta-bands. This phenomenon was frequently observed in patients with acute viral hepatitis and severe chronic liver disease. The pattern in diabetics is representative for patients with an excess of plasma lipids (the 2.5 fold of normal values in the mean). It is characterised as a broad beta band on the electropherogram similar to type III pattern. Presence of beta migrating lipoproteins in the ultracentrifugal supernatand fraction of d = 1006 could not be demonstrated.

[Lipoprotein pattern in acute and chronic liver disease (author's transl)]. / Das Lipoproteinmuster akuter und chronischer Leberkrankheiten

Lipoprotein electrophoresis with measurement of serum lipids was performed on 115 patients with various forms of liver disease. There was a reduction in alpha-lipoproteins and an increase in beta-lipoproteins, as well as a reduced separability of pre-beta and beta fractions in those with acute viral hepatitis. All these changes regressed completely with healing. Similar changes were shown also in chronic liver disease and were most marked in acute liver failure, but also marked in decompensated liver cirrhosis and chronic progressive hepatitis, while less marked in chronic persistent hepatitis and compensated liver cirrhosis. In patients with fatty livers there were no characteristic findings other than a slight increase in pre-beta lipoproteins. On the other hand, the lipoprotein pattern was markedly changed in cases with tumour in the region of the gallbladder, but similar changes were noted also with tumours at other sites. They are, therfore, unlikely to be liver-specific.