Artificial Intelligence against COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Insight.

COVID-19 is a pandemic initially identified in Wuhan, China, which is caused by a novel coronavirus, also recognized as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-nCoV-2). Unlike other coronaviruses, this novel pathogen may cause unusual contagious pain, which results in viral pneumonia, serious heart problems, and even death. Researchers worldwide are continuously striving to develop a cure for this highly infectious disease, yet there are no well-defined absolute treatments available at present. Several vaccination drives using emergency use authorisation vaccines have been held across many countries; however, their long-term efficacy and side-effects studies are yet to be studied. Various analytical and statistical models have been developed, however, their outcome rate is prolonged. Thus, modern science stresses the application of state-of-the-art methods to combat COVID-19. This paper aims to provide a deep insight into the comprehensive literature about AI and AI-driven tools in the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. The high efficacy of these AI systems can be observed in terms of highly accurate results, i.e., > 95%, as reported in various studies. The extensive literature reviewed in this paper is divided into five sections, each describing the application of AI against COVID-19 viz. COVID-19 prevention, diagnostic, infection spread trend prediction, therapeutic and drug repurposing. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-driven tools are proving to be useful in managing and fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, especially by analysing the X-Ray and CT-Scan imaging data of infected subjects, infection trend predictions, etc.

The usefulness of additive manufacturing (AM) in COVID-19.

COVID-19 caused by novel coronavirus is a serious pandemic that has affected the various countries all across the globe. The effect of this pandemic is so devastating that many rising nations are brought to their knees and struggling to save the damage posed to their economy. Medical professionals and the healthcare community are paying their best effort to minimize and overcome the spread of this pandemic. To continue to fight against the COVID-19, healthcare delivery systems require the support of novel technologies which can meet their rapid demand for medical equipment and devices. The study explores the damage caused by COVID-19 to the industrial sector and the way AM is contributing to the economy post-COVID-19. State of the art concerning the application of AM in the present scenario especially to support the interrupted global supply chain is collected and analysed to identify its relevance in the battle against COVID-19.